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Scanning electron microscopy with orientation analysis by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method is used to study microstructures and textures formed in the 0.08C-13Cr-3Ni-Mo-V-Nb steel through seamless tube production route: after hot deformation by extrusion; after quenching from various temperatures and subsequent high tempering. It is shown that the martensitic microstructure formed both after hot deformation and after quenching is characterized by the presence of deformation crystallographic texture, which is predetermined by the texture of austenite. The effect of heat treatment on texture, packet refinement, lath width, precipitation of carbides and Charpy impact energy is analyzed. © 2017 Author(s). The work was done using the equipment of the laboratory of Structural Methods of Analysis and Properties of materials and nanomaterials of the Collective Use Center affiliated to Ural Federal University. The study was supported by the program of increasing the competitiveness of the leading Russian universities, RF Government resolution No. 211, contract No. 02.А03.21.0006. We are grateful to the TMK company for their support and assistance in organizing the study.

The history of surgical treatment, clinical features, and main variants of correction of Taussig-Bing anomaly in children during the first year of life is briefly reviewed including original data obtained in the Department of Urgent Surgery of newborn and first-year infants, A. N. Bakulev Research Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery for the period of 2000-2006.

Reformatsky reactions of methyl 1-bromocyclohexanecarboxylate and methyl 1-bromocyclo-pentanecarboxylate with 2-aryl-2-oxoacetaldehydes involve both carbonyl groups of the latter and result in formation of 3a-aryl-3,3 : 6,6-bis(pentamethylene)- and 3a-aryl-3,3 : 6,6-bis(tetramethylene)tetrahydrofuro-[3,2-b]furan-2,5-diones. The reaction with 2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxoacetaldehyde gives acyclic products, methyl 1-[1-hydroxy-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclohexanecarboxylate and methyl 1-[1-hydroxy-2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]cyclopentanecarboxylate, while with benzil methyl 1-(4-hydroxy-1-oxo-3,4-diphenyl-2-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate and methyl 1-(4-hydroxy-1-oxo-3,4-diphenyl-2-oxaspiro[4.4]non-3-yl)cyclopentanecarboxylate are obtained.

The drying conditions of technical yarn on a PN-300-IZ machine, where the yarn has been prepared from spinnerets having 2200 holes, has been investigated.

In the period March 1992 to January 1993, ten patients with transposition of great arteries (TGV) whose age ranged from 9 days to 8 months and body weight 3.2 to 7.2 kg were operated on using the arterial switch. A single-stage anatomic correction was made in 2 patients with patent arterial duct, 4 with ventricular septal defect (VSD), one with multiple VSD. Three patients with common TGA underwent correction in 2 stages: arterial switch followed prior constriction of the pulmonary artery switch followed prior constriction of the pulmonary artery and subclavian-pulmonary anastomosis. In all cases of single VSD, it was closed with a flap made from the Gore-Tex material. In the whole series of operations, 2 patients died: one being on the operating table due to anesthesiological errors, the other due to coronary blood flow disorder 3 hours after surgery. Six of the 8 discharged patients were followed 3-8 months after surgery. Two patients needed digitalis. No sign of myocardial ischemia was detected in antibody. All the patients were found to have normal left ventricular pump function. These surgeries are the first in our country and so our little experience may be of interest for national specialists.

Twenty patients suffering from severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) underwent 52 sessions of splenoperfusion (SP) by means of extracorporeal perfusion of the patient's blood through isolated porcine spleen. It got prepared directly before the perfusion. The organ was obtained from a healthy animal in sterile conditions, washed from the blood after cannulation of the artery and vein. The patient's blood was pumped from the peripheral vein to the spleen artery. After passing through the splenic vascular bed the blood outflew from the spleen vein into the opposite peripheral vein of the patient. SP was followed by positive clinical changes: normalization of body temperature, regression of skin symptoms and articular syndrome, reduction of lymphadenopathy, hepato- and splenomegaly. The tests indicated inhibition of SLE activity. Sp-related immunocorrective effect was also present as shown by depression of B-cell hyperreactivity and T-cell immunity stimulation. 1-4-year follow-up of 19 patients showed them to be in remission. The data obtained favour SP inclusion into intensive therapy of severe SLE.

Blood morphology, external respiratory function, central hemodynamics, cellular and humoral immunity, circulating immune complexes, average molecules and leucocytic index were examined in 40 patients with a severe and average severe course of infection-dependent bronchial asthma before and after xenosplenoperfusion. Positive clinical results were noted manifested in an increase of the immune reactivity, improvement of external respiratory function. The method should be used with care due to additional sensibilization of the patient and possible bronchospasm.

A total of 25 patients suffering from infective allergic bronchial asthma underwent extracorporeal connection of the donor's spleen (ECCDS). Before ECCDS was made the health status was unstable in all the patients, with asphyxia attacks occurring fairly often, namely up to 12 times a day. Nine patients received the maintenance therapy with steroid hormones. After ECCDS 23 persons (92%) manifested complete disappearance of asphyxia attacks or considerable abatement of their severity and rate. In all the steroid-dependent patients, the daily dosage of steroids could be lowered, while in 3 patients, hormonal drugs were afterwards discontinued. Examination of external respiratory function demonstrated the improvement of bronchial patency at the level of large, medium-size and small bronchi. There was a decrease of the concentration of the circulating immune complexes and IgE in the blood plasma. During 2 years of the follow up, 16 patients did not show any disease relapses, whereas the remainder demonstrated less gravity of attacks as compared to the period preceding the use of ECCDS. It is concluded that the use of ECCDS is desirable in the multimodality treatment of infective allergic bronchial asthma.

The article generalizes the experience in surgical treatment of Fallot's tetrad in 20 infants. Radical correction of the anomaly was carried out under extracorporeal circulation and deep hypothermia with reduced volume rate of perfusion. Plastics of the conus arteriosus alone was performed in 6 patients, transanulus and the pulmonary trunk in 4 patients. Two patients died, the hospital lethality was 10%. A clinical effect was produced in all the other patients. The relation of systolic pressure in the left ventricle to that in the right ventricle was 0.56 +/- 0.1, the systolic pressure gradient between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery was 18 +/- 4.2 mm Hg. Various degree of regurgitation at the pulmonary valve was revealed after the operation in all patients. It was maximum (34 +/- 10%) in transanulus plastics.

The fractional composition of alkali cellulose after degradation has been investigated. It has been found that different lots of alkali cellulose are not identical in molecular weight distribution; there are significant fluctuations in content of fractions. Introducing cellulose from hot refining into the technological mix increases the nonuniformity of the alkali cellulose with respect to fractional composition. Nonuniformity of the alkali cellulose in fractional composition causes difficulties in technological processing and is connected with polydispersity of the original cellulose.

In fractionating a phosphate protein extract from the human brain cortex on DEAE-cellulose 10 fractions of the basic acid proteins were received. Analyses of these fractions were conducted by the method of disc electrophoresis in polyacridamide gel with dodecylsulphate Na and a subsequent separate staining of the desitograms of proteins and glycoproteins, precipitation in agar gel, immunoelectrophoresis and autoimmunography with the use of labeled I125 antibodies to rabbit gamma-globulin. In the first 2 basic fractions there were brain specific antigens with electrophoretic mobility of the beta2--gamma globulin. In the first acid fraction--2 antigens: alpha1-globulin and alpha2-globulin of a glycoprotein nature. In subsequent acid fractions--one antigen with a mobility of alpha1-globulin. A study of the antigen activity of these fractions in a complement fixation test on cold with the serum of schizophrenic patients and disseminated sclerosis depicted differences in the activity of the basic and acid fractions.

On the basis of an analysis of results of the subsidiary blood circulation in the development of acute cardiac insufficiency or for its prevention in 68 patients in the early postoperative period after correction of rheumatic heart disease the authors give a positive assessment of this method in patients with a high degree of the operation risk.

To exert an effect on the autoimmune process in 54 New Zealand mice aged 6 and 10 months, 0.2 ml of a solution obtained in perfusion of isolated pig's spleen (perfusate) was injected intravenously at intervals of 2--3 days (a total of 8 injections). The control group (43 mice) received injections of an isotonic buffer solution in the same regimen. After the end of perfusate administration the number of antibodies to DNA and the level of circulating immune complexes (IC) reduced markedly in the blood of the experimental mice as compared to these values in the control group. Kidney immunofluorescence demonstrated reduced number of IC deposits in the glomeruli of 6- and 10-month old mice of the experimental group. The perfusate contributes, probably, to intensified excretion of IC from the blood flow and kidneys of the experimental mice.

54 autoimmune NZB/N mice, 6 and 10 months of age, were intravenously injected 0.2 ml solution prepared during perfusion of the isolated sheep spleen with a buffer solution. Perfusion solution was injected 8 times with 2-3-day intervals. The control group of 43 mice received intravenously 0.2 ml of a buffer solution in the similar manner. After the treatment the levels of anti-DNA antibodies and circulating immune complexes were significantly decreased in the sera of mice which received the perfusion solution, as compared with the levels of control groups. Immunofluorescent studies showed a marked decrease in the number of glomerular immune complexes deposits in mice treated with perfusion solution. Six- and ten-month old mice exhibited a similar effect. The perfusion solution may be capable of eliminating the immune complexes from the blood and kidneys of autoimmune mice.