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Efficient cultivation of fish in fish farms is largely determined by the presence of a sufficient number of high-quality fish feed. Currently, the production of fish feed for fish farms remains insufficient. It has been shown that farms often use feed of poor quality, which requires monitoring to ensure efficient fish rearing. Poor quality feed (inferior and unbalanced in composition, as well as substandard) leads to the regular disruption of fish health and requires timely implementation of preventive measures. A complex of general, ecological-technological and veterinarysanitary measures is presented, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of their production and will contribute to successful development of the fish industry.

Veterinary and sanitary rules for breeding fish farms, widely used in breeding farms of different directions, are the basis of their epizootic well-being. In connection with the development of fishery technologies and modern ecological- technological and veterinary-sanitary requirements, the previously approved document requires addition and updating. Analysis of comments and suggestions made by specialists of breeding farms (sturgeon, trout and carp) in order to improve their ecological and epizootic safety and the subsequent updating of the document “Veterinary and sanitary rules for breeding fish farms” made it possible to summarize them and present them as supplements. They reflect unspecified earlier in the document veterinary-sanitary and other anti-epizootic measures and indicators of environmental and technological standards (conditions of detention, feeding and planting densities). Updating of the veterinary-sanitary rules (taking into account the veterinarysanitary, veterinary and environmental-technological supplements identified so far and subsequently) and their application will increase the ecological-epizootic safety of breeding farms and reduce the loss of farmed fish products.

We report on studies of electrically excited non-equilibrium 2D electrons and 2D plasmons in an AlGaN/GaN nanostructure. Optical access to 2D plasmons is provided by means of a metal grating fabricated at the nanostructure surface, while the properties of 2D electrons are examined in the samples without metal grating. The paper focuses on the creation of highly non-equilibrium conditions when the effective temperature of 2D electrons is much higher than the crystal lattice temperature. Such conditions are realized by applying short electrical pulses with a low repetition frequency. A method has been developed for independently determining the temperature of hot electrons and the temperature of the crystal lattice under an applied electric field. It has been shown that under highly non-equilibrium conditions the spectral density of terahertz electroluminescence of 2D plasmons can significantly exceed that of 2D electrons at a certain frequency.

The influence of ecological, epizootological and technological factors on fish health was studied. It is shown that disregard of environmental, technological and veterinary-sanitary requirements in the reproduction and cultivation of fish leads to the emergence of contagious and non-contagious diseases and causes significant damage to fish farming. The analysis of previously approved veterinary and sanitary rules, instructions, recommendations for breeding and commercial fish farms, as well as patent documentation and scientific publications in the field of ecological and veterinary research in fish farming is carried out. The possibility of using modern ecological and veterinary-sanitary achievements for the protection of fish health is shown. The complex system of preventive measures (organizational, environmental-technological and veterinary-sanitary), supplemented by modern ecological and veterinary achievements, in its implementation will allow to reduce losses of fish products and increase efficiency of production.

67 patients with inhalation trauma of 90 patients with acute thermal trauma and 23 healthy controls participated in the trial. External respiration function was assessed on the spirograph SPIROSIFT-3000 (Fukuda Densy, Japan). The injured patients have undergone chest vibromassage (n = 23), vibromassage of Zakhariin-Head zones (trachea-bronchi-lungs) (n = 22), manual chest massage (n = 22). Improvement of clinical and external respiration parameters was more significant in patients exposed to vibromassage of the trachea-bronchi-lungs zones.

The treatment of patients with burn injuries of the tracheobronchial tree is a pressing problem today, because of rather high prevalence of this injury and high mortality (90%). Clinical signs during the first 24 h do not allow evaluating the severity of the injury. Based on analysis of case histories of 24 patients, the authors sum up results of complex examinations including fibrobronchoscopy, microbiological, and histological studies. Fibrobronchoscopy precisely showed the degree and extension of airway involvement in burn injuries, while accessory microbiological and histological studies help timely predict the development of pyoseptic complications. Endoscopic methods of therapy promote a more rapid reduction of inflammation and healing of erosive ulcerative involvement of the tracheobronchial mucosa.

Thirty-five patients (aged 45 +/- 2.0 years) with isolated inhalation injury were examined on days 1, 3, and 7 after the injury, Serum concentrations of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products (dienic conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, and degree of lipid oxidation) were increased in all terms of investigation. Studies of the antioxidant system (AOS) showed a decrease in endogenous alpha-tocopherol during all terms, while ceruloplasmin content gradually increased. LPO/AOS imbalance was the most expressed on day 7 after the injury, which indicates intensification of LPO processes in the victims. The results pathogenetically validate the use of antioxidants in combined therapy of patients with inhalation injuries. LPO/AOS imbalance should be evaluated in these patients.

The efficiency of endobronchial therapy with low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) and ultraviolet laser radiation (UVLR) were studied in patients with pyoinflammatory diseases of the lung. A hundred and sixty two patients with chronic bronchitis (CB) and bronchoectatic disease (BD) were clinically followed up. The complex treatment of pyoinflammatory diseases of the bronchi was supplemented by endobronchial LFUS in 86 patients, by UVLR in 29. Routine bronchoscopy (without endobronchial application of LFUS and UVLR) was included into the treatment of 47 patients with CB and BD. Bronchoscopy with LFUS and UVLR was found to have a high efficiency in patients unresponsive to drug therapy. The number of bronchoscopies per treatment regimen could be reduced, the time of a remission and the interval of hospitalization were increased.

With the purpose of increased photodestruction oncocells we develop a method of ozone-photodynamic therapy. As a target cell for laser processing we are using photosensibilitable erythrocytes of integral blood patient, past seance of ozonetherapy.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the use of laser endoscopic spectrum analyzer (LESA-5), spectral-analyzing video-imaging system, Kr laser and various types of catheters for different tumor localizations, and Phthalocyanine aluminum photosensitizers in patients with lung cancer was discussed. PDT was carried out in twenty patients with lung cancer. Usually we used 1 - 3 seances of laser treatment 10 - 30 minutes long. Concentration of photosensitizer in normal and malignant tissue was controlled by LESA-5. Treatment was monitored by spectral- analyzing video-imaging system in fluorescent light. The results show high efficiency of PDT especially in patients with early lung cancer (necrosis of all tumor mass, i.e. complete regression of tumor). For all other patients we obtained partial regression of lung cancer.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

For successful application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photosensitized fluorescent diagnostics (PFD) of tumors a great number of various parameters affecting the efficiency of therapy and diagnostics should be controlled. This paper presents what parameters are important for photodynamic therapy protocol and how these parameters could be measured during PDT. For storing and analysis of these data it is desirable to use database program. This program allows one to save and represent information in a convenient way, make statistical analysis, and compare results obtained in various clinics.

Stability of output parameters of power high-voltage acuuin devices is connected with the probles of interelectrode vacuua gap electric strength and ectrode tihera1 kO&dS increac a WOli as dveiopent of tab1e forsi electrodes. One of the way to solve this problea is using graphite being a well as known in eIectronis material or swe other attrials on the base of carbon with their unique aechanical and thermophysical properties as soon as their essential defect, the law electricstrength is eliminated.

Gentamycin pharmacokinetics and its concentrations in bronchial secretion were studied in routine endobronchial introduction versus endobronchial aerosol spraying with application of low-frequency ultrasound. The latter technique warranted gentamycin concentrations in bronchial secretion 24 hours after the procedure many times that minimal for inhibition of the pathogen isolated. Secretion levels of gentamycin remained high for 4 days. No side effects were reported. The findings provide evidence in favor of endobronchial aerosol spraying of the drugs for treatment of purulent endobronchitis in bronchiectasis and chronic bronchitis.

The authors present clinical evidence further illustrating difficulties when diagnosing bronchial obstructive syndrome, consider variants of clinical course of various tracheal and main bronchi diseases associated with status asthmaticus, emphasize the necessity of thorough examination of the patients who must undergo bronchoscopic and x-ray investigations.

1. The kinetics of the swelling of PVA fibres in aqueous sodium sulphate solution can be characterised fairly accurately by a first-order kinetic equation.

Two methods of preparing the pig-skin at a meat-packing plant and its application as a biological bandage in the clinic of thermal injuries are described. The first method is the sterile preparing. The second one--xenotransplants are prepared without an observation of aseptics rules. The material is subject to lyophilic drying and sterilization by gamma rays. The application of xenotransplants gave good results in the treatment of 107 patients with burns.

The work gives an analysis of clinical signs in 111 patients with burns of the respiratory tract. Two complexes of curative measures are proposed according to anatomical changes found in fibrobronchoscopy. The fibrobronchoscopies are of special importance in the treatment of burns of the tracheobronchial tree.

The authors carried out serological typing of 98 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from patients of burn department of the Sklifosovsky First Aid Institute in January-July, 1974, and of 215 strains obtained from other sources; their sensitivity to 13 antibiotics was determined. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures isolated from the patients were typed with O-sera of 10 serological types. The presence of several hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found by means of serological typing; along with these there were revealed cultures of this causative agent sporadically appearing in the department. Sensitivity to some antibiotics could serve as an additional criterion for differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains of the same serological type.