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The relevance of this article is determined by the increasing interest of linguists in the results and principles of actualization of gender-inclusive concepts. Theoretical basis of the study of conceptual-frame mapping of knowledge, the structure of the conceptual cognitive frame “WOMAN” and its peripheral zones: subframes “Mother”, “Wife”, “Girl”, “Daughter”, “Sister” have been outlined in this article. Each subframe has been considered separately with the reliance on the analysis of narrow distribution of taxon lexemes of conceptual-cognitive subframes as a part of collocation models with prepositive and postpositive adjuncts taken by continuous sampling from the British National Corpus of the English language. Three semantic categories in the frame structure have been distinguished in the process of the categorization of data taken by continuous sampling: physical, mental, and social parameters. A number of subcategories has been identified in each category: physical parameters – age, physical conditions and abilities; appearance, mental parameters – character, behavior, knowledge, mental abilities, emotions and feelings, sociocultural parameters – origin, nationality, race, etc. Taking into consideration their density, we were able to find out what information is prominent in the consciousness of native speakers when peripheral zones of the frame are activated. The summary data of the analysis allow us to present a general picture of actualization of the peripheral zones in the conceptual-cognitive frame “WOMAN”.

U46619, a synthetic analogue of thromboxane A2 was used for modeling acute stable and reversible pulmonary arterial hypertension. Administration of U46619 in high doses led to vascular collapse and inhibition of cardiac function. The doses of U46619 were empirically selected that allow attaining the target level of pulmonary hypertension without systemic hemodynamic disturbances. The possibility of attaining the target level of pulmonary hypertension and reversibility of changes after termination of U46619 infusion make this model attractive for evaluation of the efficiency of different therapeutic methods of treatment of pulmonary hypertension in large animals.

For studying the possibility of using catheter denervation of the pulmonary artery for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension, large animals, such as pigs, are more suitable, because the diameter of the pulmonary artery in this case allows manipulation of the ablation catheter. The study of the perivascular adipose tissue of the trunk and bifurcation of the pulmonary artery in humans and pigs revealed differences in the density and diameter of nerve fibers, but their depth did not differ. Immunohistochemical analysis with different markers of the autonomic nervous system receptors revealed similar receptor profile in human and pigs, though the expression of all studied markers in pigs was less pronounced than in humans. These findings attest to similarity of the innervation of the pulmonary arteries in humans and pigs under normal conditions.

Introduction Pulmonary hemodynamics improvement after pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) was demonstrated in PAH. Questions arise regarding PADN perioperative effectiveness and the accuracy of the target nerves damage. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether PADN decreases pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in acute thromboxane A2 (U46619)–induced PAH, and damages PA perivascular nerve fibers. Materials and methods 10 male Landrace swine (34.7±5.1 kg). In 6 swine acute reversible target mean PAP of 40 mm Hg was induced with synthetic thromboxane A2 infusion (U46619). Control group: 4 swine with PADN. Hemodynamics was assessed throughout the study, PAH modeling was done before and 20 min after PADN (radiofrequency energy, 40 Watts), followed by pathology and immunohistochemical studies. Results The mean number of RF applications was 17.5±3.6. Pulmonary embolism (PE) was observed after PADN in 3 swine with U46619 infusion, which were excluded. There was no differences in mPAP, PVR and U46619 dosage after PADN in PAH model (12.3±3.5 vs 12.1±1 mm Hg, p=0.2; 150.4±48.7 vs 129.2±64.1 dynes s cm–5; p=0.2; 24.9±3.3 vs 22.4±4.1 mcg; p=0.18; respectively). Similar hemodynamic results were observed in the control group after PADN (mPAP; p=0.3; PVR; p=0.58). S100 expression was evident in the majority of RFA PA species and in some species loss in tyrosine hydroxylase and M1 acetylcholine receptors expression was detected with no hemodynamic correlation. Conclusions PADN using an electrophysiological catheter with unipolar energy does not lead to an acute PA perivascular nerve fibers destruction and detectable mPAP changes in U46619-induced PAH. Delayed nerve damage might be attributable to PADN effects observed in previous studies. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (agreement #075-15-2020-800).

Introduction Pulmonary artery denervation (PAD) has been recently shown to decrease pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. However, there is a lack of data related to target sites for ablation. Purpose To determine the optimal PA ablation sites based on response to high-frequency stimulation mapping and anatomical areas where radiofrequency ablation (RFA) should be avoided due to the risk of severe collateral damage. Methods A total of 17 Landrace swines were included into the study. PA angiography, hemodynamic measurements by right heart-sided catheterization and electrophysiological mapping (EM) using low (cycle length 330 ms) and high-frequency (33Hz) stimulation (HFS). Stimulation was performed at PA bifurcation and proximal parts of the main PA branches with a 5-mm distance between points; catheter manipulation was performed under fluoroscopic guidance in multiple projections. Points with evoked reactions were tagged on a 3-dimentional PA model in each case. In order to confirm reproducibility of reactions, HFS was performed at least twice at each point with a response. PA models obtained from all animals were combined in one for the final analysis. RFA using an open-irrigated catheter (40 Watts; 40 s; irrigation 30 ml/min) were performed at sites with evoked reactions. Repeated HFS was performed at ablation sites. After the procedure all animals were euthanized and underwent an autopsy study. Results Low-frequency stimulation (LFS) allowed to define areas of ventricular capture (VC) where HFS was avoided due to ventricular fibrillation induction risk. During HFS the following evoked responses were documented: sinus bradycardia, sinus rhythm (SR) acceleration, phrenic nerve capture (PNC), and laryngeal recurrent nerve capture. HFS captured left and right phrenic nerves in all animals at PA trunk, and its course was tagged (Figure 1). Laryngeal recurrent nerve capture was found in 4 (23%) of animals. Atrial capture was found in all cases while LFS at the anterior aspects of both PAs even at low output, and this precluded evaluation of neural autonomic reactions in these areas. Evoked bradycardia and SR acceleration were both found during HFS in 10 (59%) of cases each. Following RFA application evoked reactions were non-reproducible in all cases. RFA was applied in areas where no PNC or VC points were observed. An autopsy study confirmed the presence of RF-induced lesions of the PA wall. Conclusions There are two important findings of our study. First, stimulation-guided PA mapping is feasible and reveals several specific responses to HFS. Ablation at points with responses leads to non-reproducibility of the evoked reactions, confirming that transcatheter RFA may be an adequate approach for PA denervation. Second, previously proposed circular PA ablation might be associated with phrenic and laryngeal recurrent nerve damage. Stimulation-guided PA denervation can be proposed as a safer procedure, and should be evaluated in clinical settings. Figure 1. PA schematic representation Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Russian Foundation for Basic Research

Introduction Survival in PAH is strongly associated with adaptation of the RV to pressure overload. Purpose To investigate acute hemodynamic reactions during infusion of the stable thromboxane A2 (TXA2) analogue U46619 in a porcine model. Materials and methods The study comprised 9 male Landrace pigs (32.7±3.8 kg) under GA. After heparinization, PAH was induced by continuous and stepwise increasing infusion of U46619 (10 mg/ml; Tocris, USA) according to a pre-specified protocol. The target mPAP was 40 mmHg. Hemodynamics was assessed, cardiac output (CO) was calculated using the Fick equation before and during U46619 infusion. Results U46619 infusion at a previously published rate 0.1, 0.2 μg kg–1 min–1 in pig 1 resulted in rapid hemodynamic deterioration. Two-time reduced U46619 dose infusione resulted in a target mPAP but severe mBP drop in 1, 3, 4 pigs and required cathecholamine support. The U46619 dosage was reduced up to ¼ (0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.175 μg kg–1 min–1). In animals on 1/4 dosage U46619 infusion, heart rate (HR), mBP, mPAP, RAP and PVR reliably increased and BP was stable (Table 1). There was a positive correlation between the mPAP and heart rate (HR) on U46619 infusion (r=0.66; t=2.38; p=0.048) and between CO and mBP (r=0.66; t=2.36; p=0.04). Low CO was associated with high PVR (r=−0.98; t=−14.3; p Conclusions High dose U46619 infusion was associated with acute RV decompensation due to pressure overload accompanied with systemic BP drop and low CO. Lower dosages of U46619 infusion were characterized by stable target mean PAP. HR acceleration and mean systemic BP are of compensation mechanisms for cardiac output maintenance in PAH. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): RFBR grant 18-315-20050

U46619, a synthetic analogue of thromboxane A2 was used for modeling acute stable and reversible pulmonary arterial hypertension. Administration of U46619 in high doses led to vascular collapse and inhibition of cardiac function. The doses of U46619 were empirically selected that allow attaining the target level of pulmonary hypertension without systemic hemodynamic disturbances. The possibility of attaining the target level of pulmonary hypertension and reversibility of changes after termination of U46619 infusion make this model attractive for evaluation of the efficiency of different therapeutic methods of treatment of pulmonary hypertension in large animals.

This article analyzes the role of modern information technologies in the professional training of translators. The article also describes the main stages of the training of translators. The main stages are the following: a professionally oriented stage; analytical stage; synthesizing stage; correction stage. In addition, the text emphasizes the role of the usage of modern information technologies at each stage, as well as describes ways to use it. The main task of the first stage is the formation of motivating goals. The second stage is aimed at creating an understanding of the translation specifics. The third stage involves the process of translation using electronic dictionaries, translators and Internet resources. The last step in the work of an interpreter is to correct the translated text using available technological resources. The article also considers the main types of modern information and communication technologies used in the teaching of foreign languages and the possibility of their usage in the teaching of economic discourse translation: Wiki-technology (the technology of building), blog (service that allows you to keep a personal diary), broadcasting (original audio or video recordings of lectures), linguistic corpus (a system of texts in electronic form), as well as their didactic potential.

Now in linguistics not enough attention is paid to functional researches. In this article systematization of functional linguistic researches in domestic linguistics is provided. In this article such major directions of a research as functional grammar, functional approach to interpretation of the text, functional syntax and functional stylistics are described. In this article the central concept of this sphere of a research is also described: the funktsinalno-semantic field (FSF), объективирующееся in categories and categorical situations. Besides, in work the following aspects are described: structure of the functional and semantic field on the example of the field of goodness united by a quality sign community including two nuclear centers - predicative and attributive; elements of the periphery of FSP; a possibility of communication between field elements; a possibility of various degree of expressiveness of components of the field depending on proximity to this or that kernel, and also a possibility of crossing of elements of different groups on the example of a komparativnost. The functional grammar represents the most important part of general functional model of language, but it is only one of elements of wider functional direction in linguistics.

The topic of the research is particularly relevant because functional studies in linguistics are not investigated sufficiently enough nowadays. This article presents a systematization of modern functional linguistic studies relying on the achievements of previous years. The article describes such research areas as linguistic semantics, communicative-activity analysis of language and functional discourse analysis.

This article analyzes the possibilities of studies of the narrow contextual distribution of gender-marked lexemes ««Man» and ««Woman» in the framework of distributional semantics. The article describes the main propositions of the theory of distributional semantics and the results of the analysis of narrow contextual distribution of the lexemes mentioned above. The analysis of the contextual distribution is carried out using the methods of automatic computer texts analysis as well as statistical and comparative analysis of the examples taken from the British National Corpus of English. The application of these techniques revealed the significant gender asymmetry in the semantics of the contextual distribution of the lexemes «Man» and «Woman».

This article analyzes the possibilities of studies of gender manifestation in the English language in the framework of the approaches developed in the foreign and Russian cognitive linguistics. The article describes the different approaches to the study of gender: deficiency framework, dominance framework, difference framework, dynamic framework and others, examines such cognitive approaches as cognitive-lingvocultural, cognitive-pragmatic, cognitive-discursive and phenomenological, and describes the prospect of applications of the tools developed in the framework of these cognitive approaches to the study of gender.

The article presents analysis of results of examination of spectrum, rate of occurrence and number of microorganisms of large intestine in individuals with normal level of glucose in blood and with predisposition to diabetes mellitus type II. The psychodiagnostic study was carried out including estimate of particular psycho-physiologic and social psychological characteristics of personality reflecting characteristics of psychic and social development. It is established that in individuals with predisposition to diabetes mellitus type II microbiota of intestine altered sideway to dysbiosis degree I-II at the expense of increasing of number of opportunistic microflora up to several degrees. In control group normobiocenosis and intestine dysbiosis degree I are established. It is demonstrated that satisfaction with life-quality is approximately the same in both groups of study participants. However, adaptation possibilities are significantly higher in individuals with predisposition to diabetes mellitus type II.

To select maximally HLA compatible donor for hematological patients who need transplantation of bone marrow from non-relative donor.75 patients with hematological malignancy were observed. All of them have indications to non-relative transplantation of the bone marrow. Methods of polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers and classic microlymphocytotoxic test were used.Typing of HLA antigens of class I and alleles of class II loci enabled search for non-relative donor for transplantation of bone marrow in accordance with the requirements of the European Federation of Immunogenetics. Most of the patients (86.6%) had at least one potential HLA-A, -B, -DR compatible donor. Half of the patients had potential donors typed at the allele level by class II loci. This diminishes time of HLA compatible donor selection.DNA typing enables the search for the non-relative donors meeting modern requirements. This allowed 5 non-relative bone marrow transplantations.

Morphological manifestations of lethal narcotic poisoning are analyzed on the basis of results presented in "Acts of Medical Examination of Corpse" and "Expert Conclusions" on 352 cases with lethal narcotic poisoning, suspected (with good grounds) poisoning, and combined poisoning with narcotics and other agents. Causes of failure to detect narcotics in forensic chemical analysis of biological material from the corpse are enumerated.