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The ICES Workshop on ICES reference points (WKREF2) was tasked review the WKREF1 report and based on the outcome develop updated guidelines for the ICES reference points system and recommendations for ACOM consideration. The WKREF1 report has suggested 5 key recom- mendations to simplify and harmonise the ICES reference points framework representing a ma- jor change to the current guidelines. At WKREF2, we detailed discussions and four key concerns were raised about the proposed approach. The first related to the simplification of rules to define Blim. Around two thirds of category 1 stocks would end up as WKREF1 “Blim Type 2” where Blim would be set as a fraction of B0. The Allee effect or “depensation” maybe more important than previously thought and should be furthered explored for ICES stocks since it has important consequences for Blim. A number of challenges and issues around defining Blim using the current guidelines were documented. Some suggestions on improvement criteria were discussed including using classifiers to define spas- modic stocks and using change point algorithms to address non-stationary productivity regimes. However, further work is need to make these approaches operational and there was no consen- sus that the WKREF1 Blim types should replace the current guidelines. WKREF1 recommended that the FMSY proxy should be based on a biological proxies and should be less than the deterministic FMSY. It was pointed out that the stochastic FMSY estimated in EqSim for example, is lower than the deterministic FMSY and that the current guidelines ensure that the FMSY should not pose a more than 5% risk to Blim. A large amount of work described in WD 1 was carried out to develop an MSE framework to consistency and robustness test a candidate refer- ence point system for North East Atlantic stocks. However, WKREF2 recommended that further work needs to be carried out to condition and test the simulation framework before the conclu- sions could be adopted by ICES and incorporated into the guidelines. A number of considerations for defining MSY related reference points were discussed including using model validation and prediction skill to ensure that ICES provide robust and credible ad- vice. There is evidence that density dependence (DD) is important in the majority of ICES stocks (68% in recruitment and 54% in growth). The correct prediction of the shape and strength of density-dependence in productivity is key to predicting future stock development and providing the best possible long-term fisheries management advice. A suggested approach to use surplus production models (SPMs) to account for DD in FMSY was suggested and discussed but there was no consensus on whether that approach was appropriate. There was consensus that the FECO approach as a means of adapting target fishing mortality to medium-term changes in productiv- ity should be included in the guidelines subject to a benchmark and ACOM approval. While WKREF1 and 2 focused mainly on Category 1 stocks ToR c) called for a “simplified and harmonised set of guidelines for estimating MSY and precautionary reference points applicable in the advice framework across various ICES stock categories.” Ideally the ICES assessment cat- egories should provide equivalent risk across all stocks. This issue was discussed but no recom- mendations emerged. There was no consensus a revised reference point framework was proposed at WKREF2. How- ever, it was agreed that it should be presented here for further discussion at ACOM and other fora. The key feature of the suggested approach is that the stock status evaluation is treated in- dependent of the Advice Rule (AR). The main feature of the system is that the biomass trigger is not linked to a stock status evaluation, it is linked to the expected biomass when fishing at the target fishing mortality, in contrast to the current ICES approach. It also entailed that FMSY would also become an upper limit of fishing mortality and that the advised fishing mortality would be set at or lower than that level. WKREF2 did not discuss what to do in situations where SSB< Blim or alternative forms of HCR for the advice rule. Building community understanding and con- sensus around simplified and harmonised guidelines has yet to be achieved. A further workshop WKREF3 will be required to achieve that aim. The report includes 6 recommendations for ACOM consideration. ICES The main objective of the workshop was to review the recommendations of WKREF1 and con- sider how these might feed into a new reference points framework and guidelines for ICES. There were a number of presentations on the wider issues of best practice for reference points, the Allee effect, density dependence and the WKIRISH approach. The starting point was to try and develop a set of simplified and harmonised guidelines based on the WKREF1 report rather than evolving the current guidelines to include the WKREF1 conclusions. A key aspect of the meeting was to allow for discussions in order to build a shared understanding of the strengths and weakness of the current framework and of the new framework emerging from WKREF1. Published Non Refereed

The Turtle Trading Rules was a successful trend-following trading strategy for commodities in the 1980s but has lost recognition in recent days. The strategy revolved around rules for entering and exiting trades as well as position sizing for each trade. The rules was based on the fundamental aim to capture market trends while at the same time maintaining a controlled risk exposure. This thesis aims to revise the Turtle Trading Rules, here applied on major market indexes, and to examine its viability through different financial metrics. This is done by first implementing the aforementioned trading strategy to the indexes, and later by synthesizing market data through Geometric Brownian Motions. The latter primarily to examine how the strategy perform in different financial environments, what market traits favor the strategy, and to complement the previous examination without altering the core principles of the Turtle Trading Rules. The results suggest that the revised rules for major market indexes is not viable. This because of the poor return, the highest achieved 20-year return and average annual return was 25.1 % and 1.4% respectively (without taking trading fees into account). Furthermore, the strategy applied on synthetic data suggests that favorable traits are highly cyclical data with low volatility, which seldom is the case for real financial time series. The results further indicate that the main issue lies in the rules not being able to distinguish noise from actual entry and exit triggers. Moreover, the drawdown further suggest that it is the exit rather than the entry rules that are to blame for the poor performance during the cycle of a trade. Turtle Trading-reglerna var en framgångsrik trendföljande handelsstrategi för råvaror på 1980- talet men har sedan dess tappat i populäritet. Strategin kretsade kring regler för inträde och utträde ur ordrar samt kring positionsstorleken för varje order. Reglerna byggde på det grundläggande syftet att fånga marknadstrender och samtidigt upprätthålla en kontrollerad riskexponering. Den här avhandlingen syftar till att revidera Turtle Trading-reglerna, som här tillämpas på utvalda marknadsindex, och att undersöka dess lönsamhet genom olika finansiella mått. Detta görs genom att först implementera den tidigare nämnda handelsstrategin till indexen, och senare genom att syntetisera marknadsdata genom geometriska brownska rörelser (Geometric Brownian Motions). Det senare för att i första hand undersöka hur strategin fungerar i olika finansiella miljöer, vilka marknadsdrag som gynnar strategin, och för att komplettera den tidigare granskningen utan att ändra grundprinciperna i Turtle Trading-reglerna. Resultaten tyder på att de reviderade reglerna för marknadsindexen inte är tillräckligt lönsamma. Detta på grund av den låga avkastningen, den högst observerade 20-årsavkastningen och den genomsnittliga årliga avkastningen var 25,1 % respektive 1,4% (utan hänsyn till handelsavgifter). Dessutom antyds när strategin tillämpas på syntetiska data att tydliga cykliska variationer samt låg volatilitet är fördelaktiga egenskaper, vilket sällan är fallet för reella finansiella tidsserier. Resultatet indikerade vidare att grundproblemet ligger i att reglerna inte kan skilja brus i datan från faktiska inträde och exit triggers. Dessutom tyder drawdown-graferna på att det är exit snarare än inträdesreglerna som är orsaken till det dåliga resultatet i utförandet av köp- och säljprocessen.

I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES). Totalt redovisas underlag och råd för 48 fisk- och skaldjursarter. De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Methodology (WGMIXFISH-METHODS) meet to progress work on the improvement and development of the mixed fisheries advice. In this report the group provides a summary of the work completed in 2020. Work continued on the full documentation of the mixed fisheries advice production process, including workflows, code repositories, stock annexes and associated documentation for all advice regions. A review was completed of the new data call and associated quality control procedures to identify possible areas of improvements. Working group participants responded to the outcomes and issues encountered during WGMIXFISH-Advice 2019 for Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters, and North Sea. A full list of issues and solutions were collated and discussed during the meeting. Additionally, work continued on the development of mixed fisheries advice for three new advice regions: Bay of Biscay, Irish Sea, and Kattegat.The working group responded to the outcomes of the Mixed Fisheries Scoping Meeting (WKMIXFISH), identifying timelines and requirements to meet the growing needs for mixed fisheries advice. To support these growing needs the group members presented and discussed new techniques in the field of mixed fisheries.

A relevant concern for people going through a pregnancy is the risk of fetal mortality, also known as stillbirths. During this project, we developed a prototype of the mobile application for a system called SenseTive. This system aims to reduce the risk of stillbirths and consists of a mobile application together with a sensor kit that measures critical data of both the birthing parent and the child. The data will be measured and displayed in the application and by having access to critical data during the pregnancy, it is believed that early signs of complications can be detected and therefore treated earlier. The project resulted in a prototype with most of the intended functionality implemented. The mobile application is cross-platform, meaning it is available for both iOS and Android devices. The application can virtually measure the heart rate of the birthing parent and fetus and store the readings both locally and remotely in a backend service. The prototype contained the functionalities that were necessary to partake in Negentropy’s clinical studies of the application taking place in the autumn of 2021. Ett aktuellt bekymmer för de som går igenom en graviditet är risken för fosterdödlighet, också känt som dödfödsel. Under detta projekt utvecklade vi en prototyp av mobilapplikationen till systemet SenseTive. SenseTive har som mål att minska fosterdödligheten och består av en mobilapplikation tillsammans med sensorer som mäter kritisk data från den gravida samt fostret. I systemet kommer data mätas och visas i applikationen och genom att ha tillgång till den kritiska datan är tanken att tidiga tecken på komplikationer kan upptäckas och därmed behandlas tidigare. Projektet resulterade i en prototyp med majoriteten av den tänkta funktionaliteten implementerad. Mobilapplikationen är plattformsoberoende, vilket betyder att den är tillgänglig på iOS- samt Android-enheter. Applikationen kan virtuellt mäta pulsen av både den gravida samt fostret samt spara dessa mätningar lokalt och i en backend tjänst. Prototypen innehåller de funktioner som är nödvändiga för att kunna användas i Negentropys kliniska studier av applikationen som ska äga rum under hösten 2021.

https://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Expert%20Group%20Report/Fisheries%20Resources%20Steering%20Group/2021/WGMIXFISH-ADVICE_2020.pdf, SI

The assessment for the Gulf of Bothnia herring (SD 3031) in 2019 was not accepted by the Advice Drafting Group and was changed from category 1 to 3. The assessment was not accepted based on the poor retrospective diagnostics where the Mohn’s rho values were above 20% for SSB, F and recruitment. The aim for the Benchmark was to evaluate a new model, Stock Synthesis (SS3) as a candidate for the assessment of Gulf of Bothnia Herring SD30–31 in order to minimize the retrospective pattern previously observed. Following the path of the Benchmark data related issues were revealed. This led to a situation that the benchmark was prolonged one year in order to correct the data related issues. Apart from a misspecification in the model about how the trapnet index was used (abundance index vs. biomass index), the data problem had been related to the acoustic survey. The acoustic survey index used in the assessment was thoroughly examined by the Baltic international fish survey working group (WGBIFS) in a meeting in December 2020. A number of model runs (six prior to meeting, and an additional 16 during the benchmark) were conducted for evaluation at this benchmark. The analysis presented extensive diagnostic tests including the standard ICES criterion related to retrospective patterns. This was considered an enhancement over using one method for accepting or rejecting an assessment. It was noted that the final retrospective pattern had low and acceptable values of Mohn’s rho. In general, the benchmark using the stock synthesis platform with the settings specified during the benchmark are considered acceptable for assessment and advice and have features that should ensure stability as new data are added (e.g. selectivity is assumed to be constant over time).

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Advice (WGMIXFISH-ADVICE) met remotely to produce mixed fisheries forecasts for the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters and North Sea. Mixed fisheries advice highlights the potential implications of single-stock (total allowable catch and effort) management on the catches of multiple stocks caught together in mixed fisheries. It takes into account past fishing patterns and catchability of the different fleets, and the TAC advice produced by the single-stock advice groups, to provide quantitative forecast of over- and under-exploitation of the different stocks given mixed fishery interactions. The mixed fisheries forecasts were produced using the “FCube” (Fleet and Fishery Forecasts) methodology for the Celtic Sea and North Sea, and on the “FLBEIA” (Fisheries Library Bio-Economic ImpaPrct Assessment) methodology for the Bay of Biscay and Iberian Waters.The Bay of Biscay mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice of 14 demersal stocks (ank.27.78abd, bss.27.8ab, hke.27.3a46-8abd, hom.27.2a4a5b6a7a-ce-k8, mac.27.nea, meg.27.7b-k8abd, mon.27.78abd, nep.fu.2324, rjc.27.8, rjn.27.678abd, rju.27.8ab, sdv.27.nea, sol.27.8ab and whg.27.89a. Mixed-fisheries projections for 2021 indicate that there is no single stock that restricts all fleets. Smooth-hound (sdv.27.nea), Norway lobster (nep.fu.2324) and both anglerfishes (ank.27.78abd and mon.27.78abd) are the least limiting stocks, resulting in an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks.The Celtic Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 12 demersal stocks (cod.27.7e–k, had.27.7b–k, whg.27.7bce–k, nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22, and outside FUs, sol.27.7fg, mon.27.78abd, and meg.27.7b k8abd). The results of the mixed fisheries projections show that cod (cod.27.7e–k ) limits all fleets due to the zero catch advice for cod and that all fleets catch cod to a greater or lesser extent. Sole (sol.27.7fg) and Norway lobster (nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22) are the least limiting stocks corresponding to an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks.The Iberian waters mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 5 demersal stocks (ank.27.8c9a, hke.27.8c9a, lbd.27.8c9a, meg.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a). The result of the mixed fisheries projections indicate that hake (hke.27.8c9a) will be the most limiting stock, corresponding to an undershoot of the advised catch for the other stocks. Anglerfish stocks (ank.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a) are the least limiting stocks, corresponding to an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks. The North Sea demersal mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 15 demersal stocks (cod.27.47d20, had.27.46a20, whg.27.47d, pok.27.3a46, ple.27.420, ple.27.7d, sol.27.4, tur 27.4, wit.27.3a47d, nep.fu.5–10, 32, 33, 34, and 4 outFU). The results of the projections indicate that cod (cod.27.47d20) will be the most limiting stock for certain fleets, corresponding to an undershoot for the advised catch for the other stocks considered in the mixed fisheries analysis. The “range” scenario suggests that the potential for mixed-fisheries mismatch would be lowered with a 2021 TAC in the lower part of the FMSY range for North Sea plaice (ple.27.420), saithe (pok.27.3a46), and sole (sol.27.4), and at the highest possible value for cod (cod.27.47d20) in accordance with the MSY approach and the EU multiannual plan.

Personbilsflottan står för en stor andel av de globala CO2-utsläppen och genom vidare implementering av alternativa drivmedel kan transportsektorn i framtiden bli mer hållbar. Tekniken kring elbilar vad gäller bland annat batteriets kapacitet och bilens prestanda har under de senaste decenniet gjort stora framsteg där elbilen idag är direkt konkurrerande med en bil driven på fossila bränslen i många avseenden. Denna rapport kartlägger de drivande faktorer och hinder som elektrifieringen av personbilsflottan står inför utifrån tre perspektiv; elbilens batteri, laddningsinfrastrukturen och politiska styrmedel. Metoden för arbetet har varit en litteraturstudie samt en enkätstudie där resultatsammanställningen av varje perspektiv underströk vilka de kritiska faktorerna är. Vad gäller elbilsbatteriet visar resultaten att prisutvecklingen tillsammans med den tekniska utvecklingen av batterierna är en stor drivande kraft. Däremot är den begränsade körsträckan och batteriets känslighet vad gäller degradering av batterihälsa ett hinder. Fortsättningsvis visar resultaten att laddning som till stor andel kommer ske i hemmet är en stor drivande kraft som minimerar vikten av de hinder som består i höga investeringskostnader och påfrestningar på elnätet. Enkätstudiens resultat visar att individer ej uppfattar elbilens kortare körsträcka eller laddning som ett problem i lika stor utsträckning som litteraturstudien föreslog. Det framgick att en stor drivande kraft är politiska styrmedel då resultatet stödjer att en klar majoritet av enkätdeltagarna skulle köpt en elbil om köpkostnaden hade varit densamma som för en bensin-/dieseldriven bil. En diskussion om omställningen till el i utsläppstunga industrier inklusive transportsektorn visar att störst förändring kan ske i länder så som Sverige, Finland och Island där ländernas elmix till stor andel utgörs av renproducerad el. Avslutningsvis konstateras det att synergieffekter av utvecklingen bör tas till vara på och applicerar i andra industrier där en utökad elektrifiering är möjlig. The passenger car fleet accounts for a large proportion of global CO2 emissions and through further implementation of alternative fuels, the transport sector can become more sustainable in the future. The technology of electric cars in terms of performance and battery capacity has, in the last decade, made great progress where the electric car today is directly competing with a car driven on fossil fuels in many respects. This report identifies the driving factors and obstacles that the electrification of the passenger car fleet faces from three perspectives; electric car battery, charging infrastructure and political instruments. The method for the work has been a literature study as well as a survey study where the results compilation of each perspective emphasized what the critical factors are. With regard to the electric car battery, the results show that the price trend together with the technical development of the batteries is a major driving force. However, the limited mileage and the sensitivity of the battery to degradation of battery health is an obstacle. Continuing, the results show that charging, which to a large extent will take place in the home, is a major driving force that minimizes the weight of the obstacles that consist in high investment costs and stress on the electricity grid. The results of the survey show that individuals do not perceive the shorter driving distance or charge of the electric car as a problem to the same extent as the literature study suggested. It turned out that a major driving force is political instruments as the result supports that a clear majority of the survey participants would have bought an electric car if the purchase cost had been the same as for a gasoline / diesel driven car. A discussion of the transition to electricity in emission-heavy industries, including the transport sector, shows that the greatest change can take place in countries such as Sweden, Finland and Iceland, where the countries' electricity mix is ​​largely made up of clean electricity. Finally, it is stated that synergy effects of the development should be exploited and applied in other industries where increased electrification is possible.

Mimer – Nationellt program för folkbildningsforskning inrättades 1990 vid Linköpings universitet till följd av ett riksdagsbeslut som gav universitetet ett särskilt ansvar för forskning om folkbildning. Mimer har till uppdrag att stödja folkbildningsforskning oavsett inom vilken disciplin den bedrivs eller vid vilket lärosäte. En viktig del av uppdraget är att skapa överblick över forskning om folkbildning i vid bemärkelse. I denna översikt är det forskning om folkhögskolan som står i fokus. Mer precist omfattas doktorsavhandlingar och vetenskapliga artiklar om folkhögskolor i de nordiska länderna som publicerats på svenska, norska, danska, finska och engelska från 1998 till och med 2018. Tack vare författargruppens breda nordiska förankring har förutsättningarna varit mycket goda när det gäller att överblicka den forskning som finns. Inte minst forskning publicerad på finska tenderar på grund av språkbarriären att förbli okänd i de andra nordiska länderna. Vår förhoppning är att denna skrift ska vara en resurs både för forskare med intresse för folkhögskolan och för forskningsintresserade inom folkhögskolans värld. Dessutom hoppas vi att den kan vara ett verktyg för alla som har ett intresse av att fördjupa sig i forskning om denna nordiska utbildningsform. Linköping i oktober 2019 Andreas Fejes Mimers ordförande Henrik Nordvall Föreståndare för Mimer

The ICES Benchmark Workshop on Baltic Cod Stocks (WKBALTCOD2) met at ICES Headquarters in Copenhagen, Denmark on 4–8 February 2019, following a data evaluation workshop (Chair Johan Lövgren) and several preparatory web conference meetings. The meeting, cochaired by Meaghan Bryan, USA (External Chair) and Michele Casini, Sweden (ICES Chair), was attended by two invited external experts, Vladlena Gertseva, USA, and Verena Trenkel, France, and 47 participants from 10 countries. Participants represented a diversity of groups including industry, NGOs, managers, and scientists. The objectives of WKBALTCOD2 were to evaluate the appropriateness of the data and the assessment methods to determine stock status for the Western Baltic cod (SD 22-24) and the Eastern Baltic cod (SD 24-32) stocks, evaluate the short-term forecasting methods, re-examine and update the reference points, and update the stock annex as appropriate to these stocks. The workshop started with a group discussion of data issues and decisions that were integral to both assessments. Subsequent, stock-specific discussions were held in smaller subgroups and the main results and conclusions were presented in plenary. Around 15–20 persons, together with at least one external reviewer/co-chair, participated in each of the subgroups. A single modelling approach, the state-space stock assessment model (SAM), was presented for Western Baltic cod. This model has been used previously to determine stock status of Western Baltic cod and the panel agreed that this model should be used for the current assessment. The main issues that emerged and were addressed during the workshop for this stock were stock mixing in SD 24, the inclusion of new recreational data from Sweden and Denmark, the inclusion of a German pound-net survey index of age-0 fish in the assessment model, the extension of the time-series of the assessment back in time, and the update of reference points. Future efforts should be made to update the mixing proportion of Eastern and Western Baltic cod in SD 24 by length and season, and continue improving the stock splitting methods and the geographical coverage of the samples. An analytical quantitative assessment had been lacking since 2014 for the Eastern Baltic cod stock. The key issues addressed during the benchmark included how to best account for changes in productivity (e.g. growth, mortality, maturity) in the assessment model, stock splitting in SD 24, the use of age–length keys in the assessment, and ageing error and bias. Stock assessment models using Stock Synthesis and the stochastic surplus production model (SPiCT) were put forward for the benchmark as two possible model candidates. The panel agreed that the Stock Synthesis model assuming time-varying growth, natural mortality, and maturity to account for changes in productivity was acceptable to provide scientific advice, while the SPiCT model should be maintained as an alternative approach. The accepted model exhibited some residual patterns that were likely due to assuming that ages were precisely known. Stock Synthesis can accommodate an ageing error matrix to account for precision and bias. Ageing error and bias statistics should be developed and thoroughly reviewed for the next benchmark. Additionally, future work should focus on improving the growth estimates, which will allow a more precise separation between growth and natural mortality. The Stock Synthesis model would also benefit from information on sample size associated with length distributions of commercial catches. Estimates of fishing mortality compatible with a precautionary FMSY was not attainable for this stock, therefore probabilistic forecasts with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods were proposed to be used instead.

Den 14:e utgåvan av den samlade resursöversikten av fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES). De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering. Rapporten omfattar 41 fiskarter och åtta skaldjursarter. Nytt för i år är att flodkräftan och signalkräftan har fått egna presentationer. Vi har även ett nytt kapitel "Hållbarhetsbedömning av fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i havsområden runt Sverige”. Det består av en sammanfattning av den årliga bedömningen av hållbarheten i nyttjandet av fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i kust och hav runt Sverige. Bedömningenär baserad på de senaste tre åren vilket möjliggör en jämförelse över tid iantalet hållbart nyttjade bestånd. Jämförelsen visar inga tydliga förändringar över de senaste tre åren. Det finns ett nytt avsnitt i kapitlet ”Från biologi till förvaltning” om hur Havs- och vattenmyndighetens tillståndsgivning går till, och hur bedömningen baseras på resursöversikten vid ansökan om fiskelicens eller annan tillståndsgivning. Kapitlet har också utökats med ett avsnitt där SCB:s fritidsfiskeundersökning beskrivs och hur resultatet används i beståndsanalyserna. Granskare Alfred Sandström, Andreas Bryhn, Anna Lingman, Ann-Britt Florin, Erik Degerman, Erik Petersson, Filip Svensson, Francesca Vitale, Göran Sundblad, Ida Ahlbeck Bergendahl, Jens Olsson, Johan Lövgren, Karl Lundström, Kerstin Holmgren, Lennart Edsman, Magnus Appelberg, Magnus Huss, Maria Ovegård, Mats Ulmestrand, Michele Casini, Mikaela Bergenius, Rahmat Naddafi, Sara Bergek, Stefan Larsson, Thomas Axenrot, Ulf Bergström, Zeynep Hekim, Örjan Östman

The main objective of WGBFAS was to assess the status and produce a draft advice of the following stocks: • Sole in Division 3.a, SDs 20–24 • Cod in Kattegat, Cod in SDs 22–24, Cod in SDs 24–32 • Herring in SDs 25–27, 28.2, 29 and 32 • Herring in SD 28.1 (Gulf of Riga) • Herring in SDs 30-31 (Gulf of Bothnia) • Sprat in SDs 22–32 • Plaice in SDs 21–23, Plaice in SDs 24–32 • Flounder in SDs 22–23 (no catch advice) • Flounder in SDs 24–25 (no catch advice) The WG was not requested to assess the following stocks in 2019, as no advice was needed: • Flounder in SDs 26+28 • Flounder in SDs 27+29–32 • Brill in SDs 22–32 • Dab in SDs 22–32 • Turbot in SDs 22–32 It was, however, decided by the group to compile and update the input data for 2018 and thereby also conduct update assessments for these latest five stocks. In the introductory chapter of this report the WG, in agreement with the ToRs, considers and comments on the ecosystem and fisheries overviews, reviews the progress on benchmark processes, identifies the data needed for next year’s data call with some suggestions for improvements in the data call, and summarizes general and stock-specific research needs. The introduction further summarizes the work of other WGs relevant to the WGBFAS, and the assessment methods used. Finally, the introduction presents a brief overview of each stock and quite extensively discusses the ecosystem considerations of the Baltic Sea and ecosystem changes that have been analytically considered in the stock assessments. The results of the analytical stock assessment or survey trends for the species listed above are presented for all the stocks with the same species in the same sections. The analytical models used for the stock assessments were XSA, SAM and SS3. For most flatfish (data limited stocks), CPUE trends from bottom-trawl surveys were used in the assessment (except plaice in SDs 24–25 for which relative SSB from SAM was used). For cod in SDs 24–32, a full analytical assessment (using SS3) could be performed, after the compilation/benchmark work undertaken in 2018–2019. The report ends with references, annexes with the response to a special request, links to Stock Annexes, and list of Working Documents.

Commissioned by the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water management, the Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences, established a Secretariat for selective fishing between 2014 and 2017. The secretariat main task has been to gather and evaluate ideas of new gears from the industry on how to minimize unwanted catches. The industry´s initiative and engagement are essential for the successful development of new ideas. All projects have followed the same work flow; a development of project ideas by science-industry collaboration, an industry lead development phase and finally scientific evaluation and reporting. Thirty-four projects have been completed between 2014 and 2017. The separate projects have been reported yearly123 (in Swedish). As there is also an apparent need to interact with similar initiatives in other countries and to disseminate to an international audience we here summarize all 34 projects according to the results of the scientific evaluations, their applicability given current fisheries regulations and fishing practises and also on the up-take of the new gears. The report is divided between active and passive gears and the different projects are grouped based on fisheries (gear type and target species). In the end of the report, fact sheets is included for the most relevant project.

På uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (HaV), som har ansvarat för regeringsuppdraget selektivt fiske, upprättade SLU Aqua ett Sekretariat för selektivt fiske mellan 2014 och 2017. Sekretariatets huvuduppgift har varit att samla in idéer tillsammans med näringen, för att stimulera utvecklingen av selektiva fiskemetoder i syfte att minska mängden oönskad fångst. Näringens initiativ och engagemang har varit helt avgörande för en framgångsrik utveckling av nya idéer. Under projektperioden har sekretariatet tillsammans med näringen drivit 34 projekt inom selektivt fiske. Samtliga projekt är vetenskapligt utvärderade och redovisade i årliga verksamhetsrapporter. I denna syntesrapport sammanställs resultaten från projekt med liknande problemställningar, målarter och fiskemetoder, till olika fisken. De olika fiskena är uppdelade mellan aktiva och passiva redskap. I sammanställningen har alla projekten bedömts efter en 5-gradig skala som sammanfattar resultatet av den vetenskapliga utvärderingen, redskapets tillämpbarhet i verkligt fiske samt behov av förvaltningsåtgärder och/eller andra incitament för att redskapen verkligen skall komma till bred användning i fisket.

Under hösten/vintern 2015/2016 genomförde sekretariatet för selektivt fiske,vid institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU-Aqua) tillsammans med svenskt yrkesfiske, nio projekt inom ramen för regeringsuppdraget selektivt fiske. Den övergripande målsättningen för alla projekt inom selektivt fiske är att underlätta införandet av den landningsskyldighet som beslutats i och med reformen av EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik. Projekten syftade därför till att minska oönskad fångst i svenskt fiske antingen genom att utveckla befintliga fiskemetoder (framförallt inom trålfiske) eller genom att utveckla alternativa fiskemetoder (främst passiva redskap såsom fällor och burar). 1. "Kombinationsrist för utsortering av fisk och små räkor" (HaV Dnr 1718-15) 2. ”Selektivitet anpassad för små räktrålare” (HaV Dnr 1488-16) 3. "Räkburar” (HaV Dnr 1892-15) 4. ”Vidareutveckling av storleksselektiv kräftrist Halland” (HaV Dnr 1717-15) 5. ”Trål för fångst av plattfisk och stor torsk-rist/stormaskig trål” (HaV Dnr 1716-15) 6. "Förbättrad selektivitet i torsktrålar i Östersjön" (HaV Dnr 2384-15) 7. "Utsortering av gråsej i pelagiska trålar" (HaV Dnr 1715-15) 8. "Selektiv laxfälla" (HaV Dnr 1713-15) 9. "Multifunktionsburar" (HaV Dnr 1712-15) Projekten genomfördes genom att förslag togs fram gemensamt av SLU-Aqua och näringen utifrån fiskets uttryckliga behov och idéer. Projektförslagen prioriterades och beslutades av en särskild styrgrupp på Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (HaV), varefter SLU-Aqua upphandlade utförare och agerade projektledare. Vinnande part ansvarade sedan för att anskaffa och utveckla respektive projektidé enligt projektplanen med stöd från sekretariatet. Projekten avslutades genom en vetenskaplig utvärdering där personal från SLUAqua deltog i ett experimentellt fiske där det nyutvecklade redskapets fångstegenskaper dokumenterades och analyserades under kommersiella fiskeförhållanden.