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Introduction: The incidence of urolithiasis in children continues to increase and most have predisposing metabolic, infectious or anatomical factors, however, we are unaware of its clinical behavior in our setting. Objectives: To identify the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with urolithiasis. Methodology: Multicenter cross-sectional study conducted from 2016-2019 in patients between 0-18 years old from three institutions in the Coffee Region (Colombia) with an imaging diagnosis or stone recovery in urine. Information was obtained from electronic medical records. Results: 64 patients were included and the median age was 12 years with a female to male ratio of 1:1.13. 27% were overweight and obese and 33% had a family history. The most common clinical signs were abdominal pain (58%), urinary tract infection and hematuria. 59% presented some metabolic alteration: hypercalciuria was the most frequent (34%) followed by hypocitraturia (17%). The main stone composition was calcium oxalate and carbonate (36%). Cystinuria was confirmed in one patient. Ultrasound was the most used imaging. Conservative treatment was done in 46 children (72%). Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was the most common surgical intervention. 34% of patients recurred and there were complications in 51%. The main complication was urinary tract obstruction (37%), with higher risk at younger age and lower weight. Conclusions: Urolithiasis was more common in adolescents, the main symptom was abdominal pain and ultrasound was the imaging of choice. Most children received conservative management and the high percentage of metabolic disorders reinforces the importance of screening.

In this paper is described the investigation process and development of a new mixture for foundry cores, in which a factorial complete at two levels experimental design for mixtures with relationships between the components and an operation variable is used. The mixture that is developed uses the traditional process sodium silicate - CO2 and a new element has been employed: the carbonaceous schist as to facilitate the breaking down of the pieces from de moulds. A nomogram was made, in which it is represented the region where the relationships between components show the best properties, as resistance to the compression and breaking down. Also, it was carried out the integral hygroscopic characterization of the mixture selected as the best, which show excellent hygroscopic properties, compared with the similar ones that use for breaking down the cores, mixtures with sugary compounds.En este artículo se describe el proceso de investigación y desarrollo de una nueva mezcla para machos de fundición, en el que se emplea un diseño de experimento para mezclas, factorial completo a dos niveles con relaciones de componentes y variable de operación. La mezcla que se desarrolla utiliza el tradicional proceso silicato de sodio (vidrio líquido) - CO2 y como elemento novedoso se tiene el empleo de los esquistos carbonosos como aditivo desarenante. Se confecciona un nomograma que presenta la región donde las relaciones entre componentes muestran las mejores propiedades de resistencia a la compresión y desmoldeabilidad para la mezcla en estudio. Además, se realizó la caracterización higroscópica integral de la mezcla seleccionada como de mejores propiedades, la cual mostró excelentes propiedades higroscópicas, comparada con sus similares que emplean desarenantes del tipo azucarado.

Este texto trata sobre el proceso de organización del Archivo de la Memoria del FUR 30 de julio, una organización estudiantil de la Universidad Centroamericana «José Simeón Cañas» (UCA), que se fundó en 1974 y dejó de existir en 1980; su creación y su accionar se dieron en el marco del movimiento revolucionario en El Salvador de la segunda mitad de la década de 1970. El archivo fue organizado entre 2017 y 2022 por la iniciativa de exmiembros del FUR, reorganizados en la Red de Exmilitantes del FUR 30, para preservar la memoria de ese movimiento estudiantil, promover procesos de justicia transicional en los casos de los estudiantes que murieron en esos años y en la guerra civil, y colocarlo al servicio de la consulta para fines de la investigación científica social. Este archivo está integrado por dos fondos documentales, y en conjunto lo constituyen aproximadamente tres mil quinientas unidades simples y compuestas.

Teacher education programs prepare candidates for bilingual, English as a second language, or special ed¬ucation as separate professionals. This creates challenges when teaching bilingual children with disabilities. There is a need to cross boundaries combining expertise and preparing teachers for children’s uniqueness. Re¬sponding to this need, the researchers organized a change laboratory with 14 professors and two State Depart¬ment of Education consultants. The study explored boundary expressions and their relationship to the larger activity. It also looked at the learning that took place during boundary crossing efforts. Boundaries were identi¬fied around bilingual teacher preparation, cross-disciplinary programmatic, and paradigmatic aspects. While boundary crossing at the intrapersonal level and at the interpersonal level were important, the need to engage multiple institutions was centered. In addition, the discussion manifested that for inclusive bilingual education teacher preparation, there was a need to go beyond the institutional level to reach to policy makers and address the sociopolitical resistance against bilingual education. Throughout the study, participants engaged primarily in the epistemic learning actions of analyzing and modeling. Through volitional actions, the participants real¬ized a renewed object for their activity. This study widens the understanding of possibilities for taking shared educational responsibility through boundary crossing between professionals in preparation programs.

El texto titulado Literatura y pensamiento crítico en la escuela salvadoreña, de la colección Pensamiento Universitario Dr Fabio Castillo Figueroa, de Editorial Universitaria UES, de Mauricio Aguilar Ciciliano, coloca en el centro del análisis el modelo didáctico pedagógico para la enseñanza de la literatura en la educación media salvadoreña, en el marco del modelo educativo diseñado y adaptado por el Ministerio de Educación para la educación media, a partir de la reforma al sistema educativo iniciada en los años noventa. Se trata del modelo educativo basado en el constructivismo y en el pensamiento crítico que propició la UNESCO a partir de la «Declaración Mundial sobre la Educación para Todos» de 1990

En la cuenca del Lago de Atitlán en Guatemala, en específico en el departamento de Sololá, municipio de San Pedro la Laguna se construyó en el año 2016 un relleno sanitario para la disposición final de los desechos sólidos inorgánicos del municipio, el cual genera lixiviados cuyas características se desconocen, lo que ha impedido tomar medidas de control e implementar un tratamiento adecuado de los mismos. La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad evaluar el comportamiento de los lixiviados producidos por los desechos inorgánicos que se disponen en este relleno sanitario. Para ello se realizaron análisis durante la época seca y lluviosa de trece parámetros físicos y químicos, así como del volumen de lixiviados que se producen. Durante el estudio se evaluó la relación que existe entre las características fisicoquímicas del lixiviado y la precipitación que ingresa al relleno sanitario, quedando evidenciado que algunos parámetros como el cromo se incrementa en invierno pasando de un valor máximo en verano de 1.94 mg/l., a un máximo de 4.56 mg/l., en invierno, este comportamiento se repite en ocho de los parámetros evaluados en el estudio (demanda química de oxígeno, nitrógeno de amonio, fósforo total, ortofosfatos, alcalinidad, potasio, sodio y cromo). Con los resultados obtenidos se pudo determinar que el relleno sanitario genera un lixiviado considerado como joven. Este estudio podrá ser utilizado como referente para el tratamiento de lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios que produzcan lixiviados jóvenes y que reciban únicamente desechos inorgánicos dentro de la Cuenca del Lago de Atitlán.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a control architecture for reactive autonomous navigation of a mobile robot by integrating Deep Learning techniques and fuzzy behaviors based on traffic signal recognition. Materials: The research utilized transfer learning with the Inception V3 network as a base for training a neural network to identify traffic signals. The experiments were conducted using a Donkey-Car, an Ackermann-steering-type opensource mobile robot, with inherent computational limitations. Results: The implementation of the transfer learning technique yielded a satisfactory result, achieving a high accuracy of 96.2% in identifying traffic signals. However, challenges were encountered due to delays in frames per second (FPS) during testing tracks, attributed to the Raspberry Pi's limited computational capacity. Conclusions: By combining Deep Learning and fuzzy behaviors, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of the control architecture in enhancing the robot's autonomous navigation capabilities. The integration of pre-trained models and fuzzy logic provided adaptability and responsiveness to dynamic traffic scenarios. Future research could focus on optimizing system parameters and exploring applications in more complex environments to further advance autonomous robotics and artificial intelligence technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de estudios publicados relacionados con el control interno para procesos de transparencia y desgloses de los diferentes componentes en Secretarias de Gobierno, específicamente la de Turismo. Los resultados indican que el control interno y sus componentes, ayudan al cumplimiento de los ordenamientos jurídicos, técnicos y administrativos, garantizando la confiabilidad y oportunidad de la información. También se destaca la importancia de establecer, mantener, perfeccionar y evaluar el sistema de control interno de la institución bajo la responsabilidad de la alta dirección y la ejecución de ella misma y por todos sus integrantes.

Introduction. Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a neuromucocutaneous disorder characterized by the following classic symptom triad: peripheral facial paralysis, orofacial edema, and scrotal or fissured tongue. It is rare, and since most of the patients are oligo- or monosymptomatic, it makes it difficult to diagnose. Clinical Case. We present a 26-year-old male patient with a history of sickle cell trait, untreated snoring, and left peripheral facial paralysis when he was 11 years old. This was an overall 20-day clinical profile that started with left peripheral facial paralysis, which was accompanied by moderate-intensity occipital pulsatile headaches. Additionally, the patient experienced paresthesias in the tongue and feelings of labial edema. After one week, he manifested peripheral facial paralysis on the right side. Physical examination revealed bilateral peripheral facial paralysis, mild labial edema, and a scrotal or fissured tongue. The patient received corticosteroids, which resulted in improvement of the edema and facial paralysis. Discussion. MRS is a rare disorder that predominantly affects women, typically starting in their 20s or 30s. The etiology is unknown. However, a multifactorial origin that involves environmental factors and a genetic predisposition has been proposed, which causes a dysfunction of the local immune system and autonomic nervous system (ANS) and an appearance of granulomatous inflammation in the lips and tongue. Facial paralysis usually appears later on; however, it can occur from its clinical debut. There are no curative treatments. Therapy is focused on modulating the patient's immune response, and relapses are frequent.

Twenty-five 4- and 5-year-old Spanish-speaking English Learners (ELs) were tested in order to compare their English and Spanish performance in two phonological awareness skills: Rhyme awareness (RA) and beginning sound segmentation (BSS). The children had received formal instruction of phonological awareness, with an emphasis on RA and BSS for 1 year and in English only, using the Opening the World of Learning curriculum (Schickedanz & Dickinson, 2005). The results showed that the children scored higher on the English BSS than on the English RA tests (p < 0.001), even though RA is generally considered to be an earlier developing skill than BSS among English-monolingual children. No significant difference was found between the English BSS and Spanish BSS tests despite the fact that the children had received English-only instruction in these phonological awareness skills for 1 year. The results are discussed in terms of the possible impact of the similarities and differences between the Spanish and English linguistic structures on the learning and cross-linguistic transfer of phonological awareness skills in young Spanish-speaking ELs.

This qualitative study used a sociocultural lens to examine how two bilingual Hispanic first-grade girls demonstrated bilingual reading practices (i.e., heteroglossia and translanguaging) as they discussed and read texts in Spanish and English. One girl predominantly received school reading instruction in Spanish, while the other received school reading instruction in English. They both participated in Spanish reading at home. The school reading instruction employed Spanish or English versions of Success for All, and emphasized word recognition strategies appropriate for the language of instruction along with meaning-making strategies. In April, the two girls scored mid- to end-of first grade on a curriculum-based reading assessment in the language of instruction. Neither of them received biliteracy instruction. Their reading levels in the instructional language and exposure to the other language appeared to be sufficient for them to develop and demonstrate heteroglossic practices. Bilingual dynamic reading assessments and home reading sessions with a bilingual researcher revealed that both girls utilized bilingual reading practices to discuss and comprehend texts in their non-instructional or alternate language. One of the girls also used bilingual reading practices to discuss texts in the instructional language. To read in the alternate language, they both employed word-recognition and meaning-making strategies, which had been emphasized in their school reading instruction. However, one girl's attempt to use a decoding strategy she had learned in English (i.e., onset-rime) to decode unfamiliar Spanish words did not work effectively. Implications are delineated for the bilingual reading instruction and assessment of young bilingual children.

La inducción de los nuevos empleados en las organizaciones es un proceso clave para el desempeño de los recién llegados, en especial, en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), en razón a su naturaleza gestora y difusora del conocimiento. Fuentes tradicionales la conciben como un proceso unidireccional, es decir, en el cual el nuevo empleado recibe información de la organización, pero esta no captura la experiencia de aquel. Con el presente artículo se trata de proponer lineamientos metodológicos para estructurar un programa de inducción dirigido a instituciones de educación superior que, en coherencia con su naturaleza formadora, lo entiendan como una danza generativa; esto es, en la que ambas partes aportan y aprenden. Para ello se hace una revisión de fuentes y se referencian concepciones y prácticas de otras universidades y otros tipos de organización. El diseño modular de la inducción constituye una de las principales propuestas para hacer más relevante y coherente este proceso.

Objetivo. Verificar el efecto del aprendizaje de morfología sobre el procesamiento visoespacial en estudiantes universitarios. Método. Participaron 48 estudiantes de Kinesiología que cursaron anatomía (GE); y 43 de Trabajo Social, que no estudió anatomía (GNE). Resultados. No se reportaron diferencias significativa s en el pretest intragrupal, pero si en el pos -test, a favor del GE, junto a un alto efecto en las dimensiones Copia y Memoria del TFCR. El análisis intergrupal evidenció un mejor rendimiento en el post test, en Copia y Memoria del TFCR. Estas diferencias no se observaron en el TAAVR en ninguno de los grupos y análisis estadísticos. Conclusiones. El aprendizaje de anatomía fortalece la función visoespacial, necesaria para el correcto y futuro desempeño profesional de estudiantes universitarios de ciencias d e la salud.

Las instituciones de salud en Colombia, también han sido influenciadas por los nuevos esquemas flexibles de trabajo, lo cual sin duda genera efectos colaterales en el bienestar laboral de los trabajadores En la presente investigación se indagó por las percepciones que tienen los médicos y enfermeras del entorno laboral y el impacto psicosocial percibido en la calidad de vida laboral y el bienestar psicológico. Esto, a partir de instrumentos como la encuesta y los grupos focales. Se encontró que algunas variables de calidad de vida laboral fueron bien evaluadas, mientras que otras relacionadas con los efectos colaterales al trabajo, dejan conclusiones preocupantes frente al futuro de los profesionales de la salud y el correspondiente impacto en la atención de los usuarios. Health institutions in Colombia have also been influenced by the new flexible work schemes, which certainly generates side effects in the labor welfare of workers. This research is about insights from doctors and nurses around working environment and perceived psychosocial impact on the quality of working life and psychological wellbeing of workers in Urabá. This impact is measured from surveys and focus groups. The research found that some variables about quality of life were well evaluated whereas some others, related with side effects at work let some concerning conclusions about the working future of health professionals and the consequent impact in the attention for the healthcare users. As instituições de saúde na Colômbia também foram influenciados pelos novos regimes flexíveis de trabalho, que sem dúvida gera efeitos colaterais no trabalho bem-estar dos trabalhadores nesta pesquisa foi investigado pela percepção de que os médicos e as enfermeiras e o ambiente de trabalho percebido impacto psicossocial sobre a qualidade de vida no trabalho e bem-estar psicológico, a partir do levantamento dos instrumentos, tais como grupos de foco. Verificou-se que algumas variáveis de qualidade de vida foram bem avaliadas, enquanto outros efeitos colaterais relacionados ao trabalho deixam preocupantes conclusões sobre o futuro dos cuidados de saúde e o impacto correspondente sobre a atenção dos utilizadores.

The importance of professional development (PD) is clearly understood; however, little is known about how the most effective PD influences teachers' learning and how teachers perceive PD that goes beyond the typical two-hour session on an aspect of instruction. In this article, the authors present the response of a group of middle school teachers to a university-led, eight-week curriculum intervention study that served as a form of PD for the teachers. In this study, researchers from a university and a non-profit educational research organization conducted a vocabulary intervention study at four middle schools in New England. Part of a federally funded intervention study, this initiative focused on the academic vocabulary learning of Spanish-speaking English language learners (ELLs). The teachers were first presented the curriculum during a 12-hour training session and were coached for eight weeks throughout the implementation of the curriculum in their classrooms. The original intent of the intervention training and coaching was to promote fidelity of implementation of the curriculum, not to research the effects of the intervention training as professional development for teachers. However, as the intervention progressed, the teachers often expressed to researchers and coaches that they were learning new aspects of vocabulary development and instruction. Therefore, during final interviews conducted following the completion of the intervention, teachers were asked to talk about their perceptions of the intervention as a PD opportunity. The findings reported in this article are based on these final teacher interviews. The findings presented here suggest that using university-school partnerships through curricular interventions can serve as valuable opportunities to provide effective PD, because these types of interventions allow for both content/instructional learning as well as sustained support. The article begins with a summary of what is known about effective professional development, continues with a description of the intervention, and concludes with a focus on the teachers' experiences in working collaboratively with the researchers as a form of professional development.

Copyright of Prosperitas is the property of Budapest Business School / Budapesti Gazdasagi Egyetem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigación e Innovación en Ingenierías is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A relevant role has been attributed to phenethylamine in depressive disorders. It has been measured in human urine and rat brain in pathological conditions and after drug administration. Furthermore, a clinical correlation has been proposed between urinary elimination and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, its metabolic predecessor, D-phenylalanine, has been used as an antidepressant drug in the treatment of depressive disorders. The use of this amino acid has been realized alone, or in combination with classical antidepressants. In the present study, we tried to characterize its behavioural profile comparing it with imipramine and fluoxetine. Antidepressant drugs have been studied using diverse animal models. We used here the Porsolt test, or Forced Swimming Test (FST), measuring times of climbing, swimming and resting. When a comparison was performed between groups in climbing behaviour, significant differences were observed between imipramine treated group and saline controls (p < 0.05), and imipramine versus fluoxetine and D-phenylalanine (p < 0.01). When swimming was evaluated, clear differences between D-phenylalanine and the other groups were observed (p < 0.001). Additionally, a significant difference was also observed between imipramine and fluoxetine (p < 0.01). When resting was evaluated, high differences between D-phenylalanine versus all other groups were shown (p < 0.001). Observed behavioural profile was according to serotonergic antidepressant drugs effects. It is supported by the fact that swimming behaviours were increased, and a correlative decrease in resting was also present. We conclude that D-phenylalanine showed higher antidepressant potency than other classical antidepressants, at least at the doses used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]