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The presence of F or CN substituents at boron in BODIPYs causes a dramatic effect on their reactivity, which allows their chemoselective postfunctionalization. Thus, whereas 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl B(CN)2-BODIPYs displayed enhanced reactivity in Knoevenagel condensations with aldehydes, the corresponding BF2-BODIPYs can experience selective aromatic electrophilic substitution (SEAr) reactions in the presence of the former. These (selective) reactions have been employed in the preparation of BODIPY dimers and tetramers, with balanced fluorescence and singlet oxygen formation, and all-BODIPY trimers and heptamers, with potential application as light-harvesting systems.

We present the instrumental developments that have been performed in the framework of the ERC Synergy project Nanocosmos in the field of radio astronomy and molecular spectroscopy. Extremely sensitive radio receivers using HEMT amplifiers have been built to develop the GACELA gas cell for rotational spectroscopy in the frequency ranges 31–50 and 72–116 GHz. Similar receivers have been also installed at the Yebes 40 m radiotelescope for radioastronomical observations and molecular astrophysics studies. Several molecules have been observed with GACELA and searched for in space towards Orion, SgrB2, IRC+10216, and TMC-1. An ultradeep line survey of the cold prestellar cloud TMC-1 (QUIJOTE) has been realized with the Yebes telescope and these extremely sensitive receivers, allowing the discovery of more than 30 new molecular species, including eight cations, one anion, seven neutral S-bearing species, radicals, and a large number of hydrocarbons including the first identification of a non functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in space, indene (C 9 H 8 ).

338 p., Actualmente, uno de los mayores limitantes en la producción agrícola es el desarrollo de enfermedades en los cultivos, principalmente de aquellas generadas por organismos edáficos. La biodesinfección del suelo para el control de enfermedades edáficas mediante la incorporación de materia orgánica y una colchado plástico se presenta como una alternativa a la aplicación de plaguicidas sintéticos más sostenible y comprometida con la salud humana y el medio ambiente. El empleo de subproductos agroalimentarios como enmiendas orgánicas en la biodesinfección demostró efectividad contra el nematodo Meloidogyne incognita y el hongo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae en explotaciones comerciales de lechuga afectadas. También aumentó la fertilidad del suelo y mejoró su composición microbiana favoreciendo el correcto desarrollo de los cultivos posteriores al tratamiento. Por lo tanto, el uso de estos subproductos, además de mejorar las condiciones de salud del suelo, fomenta la implantación de una economía circular en la producción agraria.

The increasing interest in agroecological practices and the current consideration of agrarian soils as a sustainable resource are driving the development of new strategies to manage soil parasites and diseases. The application of organic matter from different sources to reduce plant parasites contributes to circular economy by applying by-products as soil organic amendments that reduce wastes. Wine vinasse (WV) is a by-product generated to obtain alcohol from wine by physical methods in distilleries. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of WV and its combination with animal manure (WV+M) as soil biodisinfestation products. For this, it was compared with a plastic-covered control to distinguish the biodisinfestation from solarisation effect. The crops tested consisted of a tomato-Swiss chard rotation under glasshouse conditions. Their effects on Meloidogyne incognita, soil fertility, nematode community and crop yield were assessed. The results obtained after two seasons showed a reduction of M. incognita galling in the root system of both crops. The immediate effect after the treatment application was a reduction in the abundance of nematodes and changes in the nematode-based indices that affected all plots, including the control, most likely related to the tillage effect for the treatments application and the plastic cover. Soil fertility was improved by the application of WV (NO3−, Bioav. P) and WV+M (C, Ntotal, K), which reduced herbivore nematode metabolic footprints and enhanced bacterivore footprints. Our results indicate that the combination WV+M was effective reducing M. incognita infection, and improved crop yield. Use of by-products such as WV is a helpful tool for managing horticultural soils.