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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative pathology classified as a movement disorder. Physical exercise within a physiotherapy program is an important element to improve postural stability, balance and mobility in order to reduce falls in people with PD. The aim of this work was to determine the efficacy of specific balance and trunk mobility exercises, as well as their benefits for and effects on patients with idiopathic PD. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA standards. The search was performed in five databases: Cochrane Library, SciELO, PEDro, Scopus and PubMed, in February 2022 with the following descriptors: Parkinson's disease, trunk, exercise, therapy and physical therapy. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over the last ten years. A meta-analysis on static and dynamic balance was conducted with the software Review Manager. Nine articles met the objectives and inclusion criteria, with a total of 240 participants. The trials had moderate methodological quality according to the PEDro scale. The studies included differed with regard to intervention protocol and outcome measures. Finally, eight studies were included in a quantitative analysis in which it was shown that trunk-specific exercises interventions did not significantly improve static balance (SMD = −0.10, 95% CI = −0.29, 0.08; p = 0.28) or dynamic balance (SMD = 0.64 95% CI = −0.24, 1.52; p = 0.15). However, significant differences were found in static balance measured subjectively using the Berg Balance Scale (SMD = −0.52, 95% CI = −1.01, −0.02; p = 0.04). Although some differences were not significant, the studies included in this systematic review consider that specific trunk exercises or balance training combined with muscle strengthening in patients with idiopathic PD should be a complement to pharmacological treatment for improving balance dysfunction and postural instability, preventing falls and promoting wellness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Children suffering from disabilities require special care that may influence their family environment and result in parental stress. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a stress-management program for parents with disabled children. Methods: The experimental procedure included a pre-test, post-test and 6-month follow-up evaluation of the stress levels, and adaptation and parental coping strategies. Seven 90-min long group sessions were held once a week in the experimental group and their satisfaction with the program was assessed. The principal aspects of the program were stress and coping strategies conceptualization, relaxation training, control of breathing, cognitive restructuring of a sense of guilt, training on coping skills, problem-solving, rewarding activities, improving self-esteem, assertive communication, the importance of humor and optimism, and value of social support. Results: Significant differences were seen between the pre- and post-test scores of the majority of the evaluated variables, except for the use of avoidance strategies, in the experimental group. In addition, compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvements in various indices after the intervention. Conclusion: The development of a stress management training program is more effective than no treatment for parents of disabled children. Family intervention programs can improve parental response to stress factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) may be defined as involuntary urine loss, which can be diagnosed based on patient-reported measures and is a hygiene and social problem in those who have it, affecting their quality of life negatively. Objective: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of distinct physiotherapy techniques used in the treatment of UI in women through a systematic review of the existing literature. The scales and instruments used for the assessment and follow-up of UI were described. Methods: On searching the PubMed, Dialnet, PEDro, and SciELo databases, 16 articles, with information on 1220 patients that comply with the inclusion criteria and conform to the proposed objectives were obtained, limiting the publication period to 2007–2016. The PRISMA statement was adopted. Results: The "Pad Test" is a commonly used diagnostic test and bladder diaries on paper; the Oxford scale was used in the assessment of pelvic floor muscle strength. Distinct protocols and techniques have been described in the treatment of UI in women, namely, pelvic floor exercises, vaginal cones, biofeedback, and electrostimulation. Upon analysis of the content of the articles, the quality of the included clinical trials was determined using the PEDro scale. Conclusions: Studies included in this work propose that physiotherapy treatment may improve UI, the patients' quality of life, and social relations in women. It is necessary to establish group treatment protocols for women with UI, supervised by a physiotherapist to reduce the financial burden incurred from this health problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In southeast Spain (Almería), we find the highest concentration of greenhouse crops in Europe, an agricultural sector that directly employs 55,000 people. The objective of this research was to evaluate the musculoskeletal working conditions of greenhouse workers through the standardized Nordic questionnaire. This questionnaire presents 28 multiple choice questions referring to different parts of the body. A total of 1002 questionnaires were completed, and information was collected on nine socio-demographic variables for each worker: sex, age, height, weight, surface area, cultivation, staking, greenhouse and nationality. Although the results show a high overall rate of symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), these findings do not mean that the workers are unable to perform agricultural tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare home-based rehabilitation (RITH) and standard outpatient rehabilitation in a hospital setting, in terms of improving the functional recovery and quality of life of stroke patients. Study Design and Setting: This was a prospective cohort study in Andalusia (Spain). Participants: One hundred and forty-five patients completed the outcome data. Measures: Daily activities were measured by the Barthel index, Canadian Neurological Scale (to assess mental state), Tinetti scale (balance and gait), and Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36 to compare the quality of life). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the clinical characteristics of patients in the initial measurement, except for age and mental state (younger and with greater neurological impairment in the hospital group). After physical therapy, both groups showed statistically significant improvements from baseline in each of the measures. These improvements were better in RITH patients than in the hospital patients on all functionality scales with a smaller number of sessions. Conclusions: Home rehabilitation is at least as effective as the outpatient rehabilitation programs in a hospital setting, in terms of recovery of functionality in post-stroke patients. Overall quality of life is severely impaired in both groups, as stroke is a very disabling disease that radically affects patients’ lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to examine the connection of the personal, social and family context, educational variables with the levels of anxiety, subjective psychological well-being and self-esteem in a sample of 61 parents of blind children. Results suggest that parents present less anxiety when they have only one child, possess a technical degree, receive remuneration for their work, their child’s visual impairment is not progressive, their knowledge about their child’s disability is appropriate, and their leisure and labour possibilities have not been affected. Their psychological well-being is higher when they are married in first nuptials and perceive that their health is good. Their well-being is negatively related to reduced leisure, and self-esteem is lower when labour possibilities have been affected. In order for these families to achieve a more pleasant life, with greater psychological well-being, lower anxiety and higher self-esteem, professionals should be aware of the aspects with a negative impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The progressive incorporation of the physiotherapist as part of the multidisciplinary team in geriatric institutions around the country has become evident. But data on the degree of satisfaction of users with this service are almost non-existent, due to the lack of reliable instruments for measuring it. Objective. Design and validate a useful questionnaire which defines the satisfaction of users of geriatric centers with the physiotherapy service they receive. Methodology. Different thematic blocks were established to compose the main issues in the role of the physiotherapist within a residence, information that was submitted to a panel of expert's consultation. Following the analysis carried out by these judges-experts, generated through consensus a series of items that would form the provisional questionnaire on satisfaction with the physiotherapy service taking into account the validity of content, construct, clarity and intelligibility of information. This provisional questionnaire was tested on a sample of 100 users; the final questionnaire was submitted to the assessment of a sample of 353 institutionalized elders in Andalusia. Results and conclusions. Provides a validated questionnaire that allows expressing satisfaction with the physiotherapy service in nursing homes. The information that this questionnaire can generate could contribute to reveal what are the current strengths and weaknesses of the physiotherapy services provided and opening new horizons both for research and for the management and improvement of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to describe the creation and implementation of an ICT education program for the elderly in various Active Participation Centers in Almería (Spain), assessing its impact on quality of life. From a randomized sample of 200 individuals over the age of 55. Results reveal a high degree of participant satisfaction (76.6 %), as well as improvements in quality of life as compared to the control group after the 3 month program health factor: p = 0.004; leisure and activity factor: p = 0.001; Satisfaction with Life Factor: p < 0.001. The analysis conducted to determine the influence of age and gender on quality of life indicates that there are statistically significant differences in regards to age (the younger groups had higher scores) and gender (the males). This study may serve to facilitate similar works that promotes on-going education in different locations and across the lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European project entitled "Integrating adults and the elderly towards a Europe of knowledge", coordinated by the University of Almería, within the actions of "Grundtvig learning partnerships for adult education", has carried out the assessment of an educational program for over 55 years in five countries. The aim of the learning partnership was "to encourage the development of innovative practices in education of older people and their transfer between countries". Methods: Some of the following teaching tools and methods were used to promote intercultural communication skills: simulation activities, followed by reflective discussion and/or written analysis; guided group activities; local visits to contact people from other countries; ethnographic projects. Results: The courses provide knowledge and understanding of culture, institutions and different ways of life in diverse communities, and encourage reflection about their own cultural behaviour, practices and attitudes, as well as those of others. Old people enhance communication in their community by means of meetings, in which they talk about their common concerns. This can help the elderly to overcome problems and reduce feelings of loneliness. The courses also help old people acquire new knowledge and skills in a rapidly changing world. Conclusions: Participants' motivation increased as the sessions were developed, since the contents of the classes agreed with their own interests, with a constant widening of knowledge. Everybody had an active role in the discussions. This training revises some beliefs about ageing, such as the removal of the image of the idle retired person; at the same time, it promotes active retirement, intergenerational relationships and independence, and improves social and personal skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To compare home-based rehabilitation with the standard hospital rehabilitation in terms of improving knee joint mobility and recovery of muscle strength and function in patients after a total knee replacement. Materials and Methods. A non-randomised controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-eight patients with a prosthetic knee were included in the study and allocated to either a home-based or hospital-based rehabilitation programme. Treatment included various exercises to restore strength and joint mobility and to improve patients’ functional capacity. The primary outcome of the trial was the treatment effectiveness measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results. The groups did not significantly differ in the leg side (right/left) or clinical characteristics (P>0.05). After the intervention, both groups showed significant improvements (P<0.001) from the baseline values in the level of pain (visual analogue scale), the range of flexion-extension motion and muscle strength, disability (Barthel and WOMAC indices), balance, and walking. Conclusions. This study reveals that the rehabilitation treatments offered either at home or in hospital settings are equally effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical training at home by making individuals play active video games is a new therapeutic strategy to improve the condition of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We reviewed studies on the use of video games and their benefits in the treatment of CF. We conducted a systematic review with data from six databases (PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, and Cochrane library plus) since 2010, according to PRISMA standards. The descriptors were: "Cystic Fibrosis", "Video Game", "Gaming Console", "Pulmonary Rehabilitation", "Physiotherapy", and "Physical Therapy". Nine articles with 320 participants met the inclusion criteria and the study objective. Patients who played active video games showed a high intensity of exercise and higher ventilatory and aerobic capacity compared to the values of these parameters in tests such as the cardiopulmonary stress test or the six-minute walk test. Adequate values of metabolic demand in these patients were recorded after playing certain video games. A high level of treatment adherence and satisfaction was observed in both children and adults. Although the quality of the included studies was moderate, the evidence to confirm these results was insufficient. More robust studies are needed, including those on evaluation and health economics, to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Having a blind child does not necessarily lead to parents’ maladjustment. [•] The results reveal a positive correlation between subjective psychological well-being and self-esteem. [•] There is a negative correlation between anxiety and subjective psychological well-being, and between anxiety and self-esteem. [•] The levels of self-esteem were significantly higher in families with blind children than the general population. [•] These results suggest that the process of adaptation described in previous research may be changing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disease that, due to dyspnea, decreases patients' physical function and quality of life. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of water-based exercise (WE) in improving functional capacity and respiratory muscle strength in patients with COPD. It consisted of a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from the last 10 years, found in PubMed, PEDro, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Methodological quality was analyzed using the PEDro scale and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Regarding the evaluation of functional capacity, mainly assessed were lung function, respiratory muscle strength, and maximal or aerobic exercise. The results showed that WE improves functional capacity compared to a non-exercising control group (SMD: 73.42; IC 95%: 40.40 to 106.45; I2: 0%). There are no statistically significant differences between a WE treatment and a land exercise (LE) treatment (p = 0.24) in functional capacity, nor with respect to respiratory muscle strength (p = 0.97). These data should be interpreted with caution, as more RCTs with aquatic intervention in COPD patients are needed to elucidate whether there are differences between WE or LE according to patient characteristics and comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of bullying implies analyzing the emotional competences of students, and it has been demonstrated that this phenomenon is due to the poor management of emotions. This study explores whether high scores in Emotional Intelligence (EI) are positively related to academic performance and negatively to bullying. The sample composition focused on students of Compulsory Secondary Education, formed by 3451 subjects aged between 11 and 18 years (50.88% women and 49.12% men). The selection of the high schools was made for non-random convenience, administering Peer Bullying Questionnaire (CAI), TMM-24 and school grades. To analyze the results, a model of structural equations was used by estimating the maximum likelihood together with the bootstrapping procedure. We concluded that EI stands as a protector against bullying and has a positive impact on academic performance. This infers that having greater clarity, repair and emotional attention correlates with a lower possibility of being bullied, at the same time, a school climate without aggressiveness generates positive links towards the school and towards optimal learning environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transmission of the health information through the media has become the fastest and effective of way to promote public health. Today the sport is booming economic and social. The sport generates 2% of Gross Domestic Product in Europe. The practice of physical activity helps to contain health costs, social security and it increases the productivity. Health communication through the sports media favours the promotion of healthy lifestyles that impact positively on the quality of life of society. The health news that appear in the sports media are often related to the physical condition of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a trainer's interpersonal relations from the perspective of autonomy support and controlling style on sportspeople's basic need satisfaction and frustration, motivation, and resilience. The study used a cross-sectional design based on self-determination theory (SDT). Sportspeople (N = 324) completed questionnaires to measure their perceptions of trainers' autonomy-supportive and controlling coaching styles, basic need satisfaction and frustration in the sports context, motivation for sport, and resilience. Structural equation modeling of the proposed relations among variables supported SDT by showing a positive relation between perceived autonomy support and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β = .39, p < .001) and a negative relation with the frustration of psychological needs (β = −.17, p < .05). The coach's perceived interpersonal controlling style showed a positive relation with the frustration of psychological needs (β = .55, p < .001) and a negative relation with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β = −.27, p < .05). Furthermore, autonomous motivation showed a negative relation (β = −.46, p < .001) with the frustration of psychological needs and a positive relation (β = .35, p < .05) with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and resilience (β = .60, p < .001). In addition, the resilience of sportspeople was indirectly affected to the same extent by the trainer's influence through control (β = −.38, p < .05) and perception of autonomy support (β = .16, p < .05) through the mediators of satisfaction of basic psychological needs and motivation. These results show the influence of the coach on the motivation and resilience of sportspeople. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The progressive aging of the population forces the administrations with competences in sanitary matters to intervene on the adverse effects of the lack of physical or functional activity (depression, anxiety, cognitive deterioration and vital dissatisfaction among others). The aim of this study was to verify if the level of occupation in basic activities of daily life or leisure of a sample of people over 55 years has influence on the degree of cognitive functioning and their life satisfaction. This is a cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample carried out with 302 persons over 55 years of age from several active participation centres (CPA) in the province of Almería (Spain). The instruments used for the assessment included the Mini Cognitive Examination, the Philadelphia Satisfaction Scale and the Senior Occupational Behavior Questionnaire (C-COM). The multigroup analysis of the data also included a structural model using path analysis. The results have verified the influence of occupation on cognitive deterioration and life satisfaction in both men and women. Leisure activities provide greater life satisfaction than the occupations of daily life. The attitude toward aging has been the factor that has shown a greater correlation with the occupational level of the person. The data support the need for adequate recommendations for the design of specific programs that favor individual and collective interventions focused on exercise, the prevention of cognitive deterioration and the promotion of life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global economic recession is relevant in public administration, especially in terms of the human factor. If we pretend to empower people as a resource, a key aspect is the perception of equity in their relationships. Previous research has shown how a positive shared interpersonal justice climate (IJC) in a work team impacts employee well-being, affecting the level of engagement and burnout. This influence is crucial in achieving positive results in the organization and for employees. The objective was to analyze the relationship between IJC and extra-role performance (ERP) and the mediating role of two indicators of well-being (burnout and engagement) in work teams. Furthermore, the study examined the Job Demands and Resources model (JD-R) including the relationship with the work family balance (WFB) of public employees. The sample was composed of 404 technical and administrative staff in a Spanish public university. The results indicated the significant relationships between the perceptions of IJC and burnout, engagement, and the two work outcomes WFB and ERP. When burnout and engagement were introduced in the regression equations, total mediation effects were produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many studies whose results reveal possible risk factors for developing an infection after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this study is to analyse the risk factors that depend on the hospital and, especially, if the patellar replacement influences the appearance of periprosthetic infection. A retrospective study was performed, where data from the electronic registry of patients of people over 18 and who had undergone TKA, between the years 2015 and 2018, were reviewed. Dependent variables on the patients and the health care system were collected. The possible associations between the factors and the appearance of infection after TKA were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. A total of 907 primary knee arthroplasties were included in the study. Those patients who had their patella replaced had a significantly higher risk of developing an infection (OR 2.07; 95% confidence interval 1.01–6.31). Likewise, patients who underwent surgery by surgeons with more than 10 years of experience were more than twice as likely to become infected than those operated on by younger surgeons (OR 2.64; 95%CI 1.01–6.97). Male patients were also found to be three times more likely to be infected than women (OR 2.99; 95%CI 1.32–5.74). Those interventions that were longer had a higher risk of infection. The same happened with patients who stayed in the hospital for a longer period of time. The rest of the variables did not show statistically significant results. In this study, it was found that the replacement of the patella may be a factor of infection, but it should be corroborated with randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, patients who underwent longer surgeries or those with prolonged hospital stays should be closely monitored to detect infection as soon as possible and establish the most appropriate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a pressing need to contribute evidence to the improvement in the early identification of signs and symptoms associated with strokes, and address the treatment-seeking delays. The objective of this study is to describe the knowledge regarding the warning signs and risk factors (RFs) among stroke patients, as well as of their attitudes toward a suspected event, and the analysis of its possible relationship with the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of these patients. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed, in which all stroke patients admitted consecutively to the Burgos University Hospital (Spain) were included. The principal outcomes were the patient's ability to identify two RFs and two warning signs and the patient's hypothetical response to a possible stroke event. The possible factors associated with the knowledge of warning signs, RFs, and the correct response to a new event were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Results: A total of 529 patients were included. Having a higher education level or a history of prior stroke were associated with a greater degree of knowledge of warning signs (odds ratio (OR) 3.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.70–5.74, p = 0.003; OR 3.54, 95%CI 2.09–5.99, p ≤ 0.001, respectively), RFs (OR 3.15, 95%CI 1.75–5.67, p = 0.008; OR 4.08, 95%CI 2.41–6.91, p = 0.002, respectively), and the correct response to a possible stroke (OR 1.82, 95%CI 1.16–2.86; p = 0.030; OR 2.11, 95%CI 1.29–3.46, p = 0.022, respectively). Conclusion: Knowledge of warning signs or stroke RFs is low in the hospitalized patients. A previous stroke or secondary/higher education levels are the predictor factors that increase the probability of knowledge of warning signs, RFs, or reaction to possible event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Stroke is a multifactorial disease, which can affect individuals at any age. Risk factors (RFs) associated with the first stroke event have been well identified; however, the influence of these RFs on the patient's age needs to be studied. (2) Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of modifiable RFs on the age at which a stroke occurs. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients admitted consecutively with a first-ever acute stroke at the Burgos University Hospital (Spain). Data on sociodemographic and clinical parameters were collected (high blood pressure (HBP), smoking habit, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipemia, abdominal obesity, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol consumption, and cardiovascular diseases). The possible associations between RFs and age were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analyses and a decision tree. (4) Results: A total of 436 patients with a mean age of 75.39 years (standard deviation (SD) ± 12.67) were included. HBP and overweight/obesity were the most prevalent stroke RFs. Being an active smoker (OR 21.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.80–52.41), having a sedentary lifestyle (OR 3.24; 95% CI 1.97–5.31), being an excessive alcohol drinker (OR 2.36; 95% CI 1.45–3.84), or being overweight or obese (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.14–3.34) increased the risk of having an acute cerebrovascular event in individuals aged 75 years or below. However, a personal history of HBP (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.24–0.67) was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of having an acute stroke in individuals aged more than 75 years. (5) Conclusions: This study showed that the modifiable RFs strongly influence the first stroke event in patients aged below 75 years, which will be useful in guiding different prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]