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Background: Nursing clinical competence assessment has acquired a special relevance at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels in recent years. In this context, the Objective Structured Clinical Assessment (OSCA) has emerged as a valid and feasible method of assessing nursing competence. The Satisfaction with Nursing Skill Examination: Objective Structured Clinical Assessment (SINE-OSCA) scale is a valid and reliable 10-item measure that has been developed to evaluate nursing students' satisfaction with the OSCA in the Australian context. Given the importance that OSCA has gained in Spain, it is necessary to validate this tool to be used in one of the most spoken languages in the world., Objectives: The purpose of the study was to carry out a modification of the SINE-OSCA, cross-cultural adaptation and a psychometric analysis of the new S-OSCA with Spanish nursing students., Design: A multicenter study of questionnaire development and validation was carried out in 2023 in four Spanish university nursing centers. The study was carried out in 3 phases: design, pilot implementation, and construct validation., Participants/setting: The total population of students from these centers amounted to 1350 students. The final sample consisted of 364 nursing students, selected by convenience sampling., Methods: The process of translation and cultural adaptation of SINE-OSCA to the Spanish population was carried out following the guidelines proposed by Beaton et al. Content validation, Internal consistency and temporal reliability were evaluated., Results: The S-OSCA presents values in the psychometric indicators (V AIKEN, Bland-Altman diagram, and IVC Lawshe) that exceed the cut-off values established even considering the lower limit of the confidence intervals. This spanish version of the SINE-OSCA has a Cronbach's alpha value that is slightly higher than that reported for that original version (0.928 CI 95 % (0.913-0.94)). Regarding temporal reliability, the S-OSCA scale was completed in 40 nursing students at two times separated by an interval of 15 days. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) obtained was 0.974 CI 95 % (0.952-0.986)., Conclusions: The S-OSCA instrument proves to be robust enough to guarantee the quality of its results up to 15 days post-OSCA., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Background: The fear of death is a common experience among healthcare students and professionals that may impact the quality of care provided to patients, particularly those receiving palliative care. The Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale is a widely used instrument to assess this fear, although its psychometric properties have not been extensively studied in Occupational Therapy students. The present study aimed to validate the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale (CL-FODS) in a sample of Occupational Therapy students and to explore its implications for palliative care education., Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to perform psychometric testing of the CL-FODS in Occupational Therapy undergraduate students. Structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were analysed. A total of 195 Occupational Therapy students were included in this study. Additionally, the participants completed a brief survey on their experiences and attitudes towards palliative care., Results: The internal consistency was satisfactory (α = 0.888). The exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the internal structure yielded four factors. The model fit indices were: comparative fit index = 0.89, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.06). The test-retest reliability was satisfactory and demonstrated an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.939., Conclusion: The Spanish version of the CL-FODS showed satisfactory psychometric properties; therefore, assessing fear of death in Occupational Therapy students is helpful. This study highlights the importance of addressing fear of death and palliative care education in Occupational Therapy undergraduates to improve future professional attitudes and, consequently, the quality of patient care at the end of life., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Aim: The task proposed was to conduct a cultural adaptation of the Family Nursing Practice Scale and to assess the psychometric properties of the resulting instrument., Background: Nursing students must obtain sufficient personal competence and confidence to act with patients and their families. For this purpose, an assessment scale is needed to inform teachers of the student's progress and to determine whether further training or changes in teaching methods are required., Design: A cross-sectional study design was used., Methods: The researchers conducted this study with 202 students of nursing at two Spanish universities. In the cultural adaptation, the following steps were followed: definition of concepts, translation, back translation, expert group review and implementation by a pilot group with a subsequent cognitive interview. Internal consistency was determined by Cronbach's alpha. Reliability was verified by an initial application of the scale, followed by a repetition after seven days, analysing the results obtained in terms of the intraclass correlation coefficient, the construct validity (by Spearman's non-parametric correlation test) and confirmatory factor analysis (using JASP 0.16.4 statistical software)., Results: Cronbach's alpha resulted in 0.95. Spearman's correlation coefficient Family Nursing Practice Scale total with the course year was -0.26 < 0.001. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score of the scale was 0.91. The confirmatory factor analysis was performed on a model in which the total score for the scale was considered in relation to the two subscales, and each subscale in relation to its constituent items. The p-value associated with the chi-square was 0.550. The root mean square error of approximation and comparative fit indices presented values of <0.001 (90 % C.I. <0.001-0.048) and 1.000, respectively., Conclusions: These results indicate that the Spanish version presents good internal consistency, construct validity and reliability. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis confirms that it presents a good fit to the model initially proposed for this scale for Nursing Degree students., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Background: informal caregivers have a high risk of suffering from diseases derived from the chronic stress to which they are subjected for their dedication to the care of their relatives. Such stress has a direct influence on the person cared for, mainly affecting the quality of their care. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to assess the association of caregiving on physical and mental perceived health in family caregivers of dependent adults with complex chronic diseases., Methods: a prospective longitudinal cohort study, with a follow-up period of 36 months (HUELLA cohort). The exposed cohort will be formed by family caregivers of dependent patients with complex chronic pathologies. The unexposed cohort will be taken from the general population adjusted for age, sex and health. Outcome variables will include attendance to health services, consumption of psychoactive drugs, dedication to care (only in exposed cohort), concession of the Act on Promotion of Personal Autonomy and Care for dependent persons (exposed only), perceived physical and mental health, depression level, burden level and new diagnosis of chronic pathology of the caregiver during the study., Results: the expected results will be applicable and will incorporate improvements to the usual health system clinical practice, providing feedback to professionals dedicated to the provision, planning and design of services to family caregivers, as well as to groups and organizations of caregivers., Conclusions: investments in preventing low-quality informal care are key, mainly through early identification and interventions to support caregivers who suffer from stress, anxiety or depression.

Purpose: To examine the health-related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and its relationship with their use of health resources, taking into account sociodemographic factors concerning the family context., Design and Methods: Cross-sectional study of children with cerebral palsy in Granada (Spain). Quality of life was evaluated with PedsQL questionnaire., Results: A total of 75 children were analysed (mean age 7.41 years; SD 4.37; 50.7% male). They made an average of 22.80 visits (SD 12.43) per year; greater use was made of resources by children who had been diagnosed with cerebral palsy for <45 months (36.00 vs. 26.93 visits per year, p < 0.0001). Older children suffered more fatigue and pain. Children aged 2-4 years who presented with fatigue had more hospitalizations (r = -0.35; p = 0.20), whereas those >4 years who had a higher quality of life for daily activities had made more visits to hospital A&E (r = 0.35, p = 0.043). Among the children studied, there was no significant association between HRQOL and the parents' education or occupation., Conclusion: These findings highlight variables that may influence children's quality of life and their use of health resources, identifying certain profiles of children who might need individualized interventions., Practice Implications: These findings could inform services provided by paediatric nurses to children with cerebral palsy, to individualize interventions and improve patient centred care., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: A favorable attitude toward organ donation and transplantation (ODT) is fundamental among health professionals at the time of transplant promotion. In this sense, the training and awareness of professionals are fundamental., Objective: To analyze the differences in the attitude toward ODT and the factors that condition it among Andalusian medical and nursing students., Methods and Design: The study is a sociologic, multicenter, observational study. The population includes medical and nursing students in Andalusian universities. Database of the Collaborative International Donor Project is used and data are stratified by geographic area and academic course. The instrument of measurement was a validated questionnaire (PCID-DTO-RIOS) that was handed out to every student in a compulsory session. Completion of the questionnaire was anonymous and self-administered. The sample included Andalusian medical and nursing students (99% confidence and precision of ±1%) stratified by geographic area and year of study., Results: There was a completion rate of 91%; 79% (n = 2879) of Andalusian students were in favor of donation and 21% were not in favor. The attitude toward ODT is more favorable in medical compared with nursing students (80% vs 77%; P = .021). The psychosocial profile toward donation is similar in both groups relating to the following variables (P < .05): knowing a transplant patient, having received information about the subject, attitude toward family donation, and having discussed transplantation with family and friends., Conclusion: Andalusian medical students favored organ donation more than Andalusian nursing students, and the favorable attitude is associated with having an awareness of the subject., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Heart failure (HF) causes high rates of hospital admissions. It is known that disease progression impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of both patients and caregivers, yet to date, this finding is based on cross-sectional studies with limited samples., Objectives: The study aim is to analyze the relationship between HF patients' use of hospital services (a proxy for disease progression) and the HRQoL of their family caregivers., Methods: This work is a multicenter nested case-control study on a population of patients admitted to hospitals in southern Spain due to heart failure. The sample comprised 530 patient-caregiver dyads. Hospital admission data were retrospectively collected for the 5 years prior to inclusion in the study. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine associations between patient deterioration and caregivers' quality of life., Results: Patients' use of hospital services was associated with worsened quality of life for family caregivers, with an overall OR of 1.48 (95% CI: 1.23-1.79). A positive correlation was found between patients' perceptions of their physical health and the perceived mental health of caregivers (r = 0.127, p = 0.004) and between the perceived mental health of both (r = 0.291; p <0.0001)., Conclusions: Greater use of hospital services by patients with HF is an independent predictor of deterioration of family caregivers' HRQoL. The physical and mental components of patients' and their family caregivers' HRQoL interact and influence each other. Additional factors, such as the nature and intensity of care provided, also determine the worsening of a family caregiver's HRQoL., Clinical Relevance: These results can be used to identify family caregivers of people with heart failure at risk of suffering a deterioration in their health-related quality of life. Increased use of hospital services is an independent predictor of the deterioration of the family caregivers' health-related quality of life. Since clinical nurses are the main provider who gives support and education to family caregivers, they should be alert to this situation and individualize interventions to prevent this deterioration., (© 2020 Sigma Theta Tau International.)

Background: Nurses are in a privileged position to detect environmental risks among children. The objective was to determine attitudes, knowledge, and skills related to children's environmental health in undergraduate nursing students., Method: A cross-sectional study was designed in eight universities (n = 2,462) from September 2017 to June 2018. Descriptive values and multivariate analysis of variance were calculated using three questionnaires., Results: Of the total 2,462 students in the sample, 2,155 had a good attitude regarding addressing children's environmental health problems, 501 had good knowledge, and 1,162 had good skills. Students who had attended a session on sustainability more than 3 months prior had a better attitude (9.93%), knowledge (11.16%), and skills (3.82%). Second course students and men had better environmental competency (p < .001)., Conclusion: Undergraduate nursing students have good attitudes; however, they lack knowledge and skills. There is a need to include children's environmental health in nursing curricula. [J Nurs Educ. 2019;58(7):401-408.]., (Copyright 2019, SLACK Incorporated.)

Background: The clinical judgment and decision-making abilities of nurses can influence many health outcomes, hence the importance of addressing these qualities in university studies. In this respect, clinical simulation is a commonly employed teaching method. The evaluation of simulation activities requires standardised instruments, such as the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric, which is widely used for this purpose, although a culturally adapted and validated version in Spain is not available., Aims: To obtain a Spanish culturally adapted and validated version of the rubric for undergraduate students of nursing., Design, Participants and Setting: Cultural adaptation and psychometric validation study carried out with undergraduate nursing students in the simulation laboratories at the University of Málaga (Spain)., Methods: A process of translation/back-translation and cultural adaptation was carried out in accordance with international standards. The rubric was empirically evaluated in standardised scenarios with high and medium-fidelity simulators. Each student took part in two different simulation sessions, led by two instructors. In each simulation, the data were collected by two independent observers., Results: 152 observations were obtained from 76 students. The interobserver reliability was high, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.93 (95% CI 0.92-0.95) (p = 0.0001) and Cronbach's alpha of 0.93. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the fit of the model was satisfactory in all indices, with a χ 2 /df value of 1.08, GFI 0.96, TLI 0.99, NFI 0.97 and RMSEA 0.24 (90% CI 0.000-0.066)., Conclusions: The rubric obtained is culturally adapted to the Spanish educational context, and is valid and reliable for nursing students. Further prospective studies should be undertaken to evaluate the responsiveness, potential for transfer to clinical practice and cost-benefit ratios of different simulation designs., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Aims: To adapt the Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia Scale (EdFED) for use in a Spanish-speaking population and to assess its validity and reliability in patients with dementia., Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two stages: 1. Cross-cultural adaptation (translation, back-translation, review by committee of experts, pilot test and weighting of results); 2. Clinimetric validation comprising interobserver reliability assessment, test-retest reliability and internal consistency. To determine construct validity, confirmatory factorial analysis and principal components analysis were performed by oblique rotations. Criteria validity was analysed using the Pearson correlation (p<0.05) with the BMI, MNA and analytical values of albumin, transferrin, cholesterol, absolute lymphocytes and total proteins. Data collection was carried out for six months in 2016 in nursing homes and Alzheimer's day centers in the province of Málaga (Spain), at nine centers, with 262 patients (aged over 60 years and presenting feeding difficulties), 20 nurses, 20 professional caregivers and 103 family caregivers., Results: A version of EdFED culturally adapted to Spanish was obtained. The sample presented the following characteristics: 76.3% women, mean age 82.3 years (SD: 7.9); MNA 18.73 (SD: 4.44); BMI 23.99 (SD: 4.72); serum albumin 3.79 mg/dl (SD: 0.36). A Cronbach's alpha of 0.88 was obtained, with an inter-item global correlation of 0.43 and a homogeneity index ranging from 0.42 to 0.73. The exploratory factor analysis reproduced the three-factor model identified by the original authors, explaining 62.32% of the total variance. The criterion validity showed a good inverse correlation with MNA and a moderate one with albumin, total proteins, transferrin and BMI., Discussion: The Spanish version of EdFED is reliable and valid for use in elderly people with dementia. The most appropriate for our environment is the three-factor model, which maintains the original factors, with a slight redistribution of the items.

The low lipophilicity of hydroxytyrosol (HT) has motivated efforts to synthesize homologous series with better lipid solubility, such as the ethers, which are more lipophilic than HT. Because HT inhibits platelet aggregation, the aim of the study was to assess the possible anti-platelet effect of five HT ether derivatives (ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl and dodecyl) after oral administration to rats. Whole blood collagen-induced platelet aggregation and calcium-induced thromboxane B2 (TxB2), aortic 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) and nitrites+nitrates, plasma concentration of lipid peroxides (TBARS) and red blood cell content of reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured. The administration of 20 mg/kg/day inhibited platelet aggregation, TxB2 and TBARS in a non-linear manner related to the length of the carbon chain, with a cut-off effect in the hexyl derivative. Aortic nitrite and red blood cell GSH production were also increased. The aortic production of 6-keto-PGF1α was unaltered except in the group treated with the dodecyl derivative. The administration of 50 mg/kg/day showed a similar pharmacodynamic profile but without the non-linear effect. In conclusion, HT ethers, especially the hexyl derivative, are a potential alternative to hydroxytyrosol, and their effect merits additional research to determine their role in the prophylaxis of vascular disease., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

This study was designed to determine whether the oral administration of hydroxytyrosol (HT) alkyl ether derivatives has a neuroprotective effect in rats. The animals were treated for 7 days with HT or ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl HT ether. A method of in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation in brain slices was used. Hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl HT derivatives reduced brain cell death (LDH efflux). Lipid peroxidation and nitrite concentrations were inhibited most by hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl derivatives. Concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine were reduced by HT butyl, hexyl, octyl, and dodecyl ether derivatives. Interleukin-1β was significantly reduced in brain slices from rats treated with all HT ether derivatives. LDH efflux showed a linear correlation with brain concentrations of lipid peroxides, nitrites plus nitrates, and interleukin 1β. The reduction in oxidative and nitrosative stress and decreased production of pro-inflammatory interleukins may be the basis for the observed neuroprotective effects.