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Customer Satisfaction, Innovation, and Product Quality stands as a cornerstone for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) seeking growth, competitiveness, and long-term sustainability. This study delves into the intricacies of Customer Satisfaction, Innovation, and Product Quality's influence on MSME performance within the dynamic Iberoamerican business landscape. Adopting a quantitative research approach, we investigate the relationship between Customer Satisfaction, Innovation, and Product Quality and MSME performance across Iberoamerican. A composite index derived from self-reported data was employed to gauge MSME performance, drawing upon a comprehensive survey of 9,300 Iberoamerican MSMEs. Our findings reveal that factors such as company origin, size, and age significantly impact the level of innovation achievable by MSMEs. Notably, younger, medium-sized companies exhibit a proclivity for higher innovation compared to older firms and micro-enterprises. The study's implications for theory and practice extend to policymakers, business owners, and stakeholders invested in fostering MSME growth and development.

This study uses a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to examine the relationships between the International Commercial Terms (Incoterms®), logistics, and legal issues in the context of international trade. By examining a dataset of 290 documents published from 1973 to 2023 in various academic databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, among others, the research aims to identify trends, key issues, and potential future directions in this interdisciplinary field. The analysis reveals a significant increase in publications since 2010, with a focus on topics such as legal and contractual issues, supply chain management, risk mitigation, and the evolution of Incoterms® rules. Co-occurrence analysis emphasizes six distinct clusters, ranging from international trade dynamics and transaction costs to regulatory frameworks and risk management. The abstract content analysis further highlights the interconnectedness of legal, logistical and implementation issues. The study also identifies the United Kingdom, the United States, and South Korea as the most important countries contributing to the field. It is concluded that Incoterms® and its multidisciplinary essence generates a greater interest in the international trade, not only because of its incidence in diverse fields of management; but also, because these rules are updated to regulate better the business transactions. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, and show the importance of considering the multifaceted nature of Incoterms® research and its impact on global trade practices.

The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted the hotel industry, necessitating a reevaluation of competitive strategies. This study examines viable strategies for revitalizing hotel operations in the post-pandemic context, focusing on Medellín, Colombia. Using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) technique, we evaluate the relative importance of different strategies and their applicability in different scenarios. The study identifies five key strategies, prioritized as follows: differentiation, service development, market penetration, liquidation, and backward integration. Our findings show that while traditional strategies such as differentiation remain highly valued, their implementation during the pandemic is challenging. The inclusion of liquidation among the top strategies indicates the severe impact of the crisis. The proposed model allows for a comprehensive assessment of strategic approaches and emphasizes the importance of adaptability in responding to unprecedented challenges. This research contributes new insights to the evaluation of competitive strategies in the context of a global crisis and provides a methodological framework that can inform strategic decision-making in the hotel industry as it copes with recovery and future uncertainties.

Exports constitute a key contribution to the economic development of a region, depending on the foreign trade policies and the customs regime of each State, as well as other essential aspects such as established tax regulations, financial freedom indexes, among others. The objective of the research is to identify the most significant economic indicators on international agricultural exports of a total of 159 countries by means of a Multiple Linear Regression model, highlighting those with similar characteristics to Colombia in order to propose a comparative proposal for the improvement of the country's exports. For this purpose, information from three databases is used: Resource Trade Earth, The Heritage Foundation and World Bank. As a result, the estimate obtained finds the most important indicators to explain export performance: Export Region, Tax Burden, Foreign Direct Investment and Financial Freedom. The above allowed inferring that Colombia should decrease the tax burden, increase foreign investment and increase economic freedom to improve its export performance., Las exportaciones constituyen un aporte clave para el desarrollo económico en una región todo ello según las políticas de comercio exterior y el régimen aduanero de cada Estado como asimismo otros aspectos esenciales tales como reglamentos tributarios establecidos, como los índices de libertad financiera, entre otros. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar los indicadores económicos más significativos sobre las exportaciones internacionales de la agricultura de un total de 159 países por medio de un modelo de Regresión Lineal Múltiple, destacando aquellos con características similares a Colombia para plantear un comparativo propositivo para el mejoramiento exportador del país. Para ello, se emplea información proveniente de tres bases de datos: Resource Trade Earth, The Heritage Foundation y Banco Mundial. Como resultado, la estimación obtenida encuentra los indicadores más importantes para explicar el desempeño exportador: Región Exportadora, Carga Fiscal, Inversión Extranjera Directa y Libertad Financiera. Lo anterior permitió inferir que Colombia debe disminuir la carga fiscal, aumentar la inversión extranjera y aumentar la libertad económica para mejorar su desempeño exportador.