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Objetivo: identificar a ocorrência das principais manifestações clínicas em cães diagnosticados com Leishmaniose Visceral Canina em um hospital veterinário, em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. Materiais e Métodos: realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico nos meses de setembro de 2018 a agosto de 2019, a partir de fichas de animais atendidos nesse período. Os prontuários foram divididos em grupos a partir das patologias apresentadas. Assim, as cinco principais alterações foram: dermatopatias, linfadenomegalia, oftalmopatias, esplenomegalia e hepatomegalia. Selecionaram-se animais de ambos os sexos, de qualquer raça e idade, diagnosticados positivamente por exame RIFI/ELISA, com valores iguais ou superiores a 1/80, com sinais indicativos da patologia. Resultados: dentre os 67 prontuários de cães analisados, aqueles com alterações dermatológicas representaram 75%, indicando a maior prevalência entre as outras alterações, seguido por 60% para linfadenomegalia, 28% para alterações oftálmicas, 4,5% para esplenomegalia e 1,5% para hepatomegalia. Conclusão: dentre as alterações mais frequentes, a dermatológica é a mais recorrente, sendo essa percepção importante para uma boa investigação pelo Médico Veterinário.

Objetivo: avaliar as respostas de híbridos de sorgo, através de suas características agronômicas, nutricionais e digestibilidade in situ da matéria seca. Materiais e Métodos: o experimento ocorreu em Janaúba, MG, utilizando 13 variedades de sorgo forrageiro, incluindo o BRS 655, Volumax e 11 híbridos resultantes de cruzamentos entre três machos e três fêmeas. No experimento de campo, adotou-se um delineamento de blocos casualizados (DBC) com 13 genótipos e 3 repetições, totalizando 39 unidades experimentais. Foram analisadas características agronômicas, composição bromatológica e digestibilidade in situ. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística utilizando o SISVAR e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott em nível de significância de 5% (p

Polymeric nanocomposites of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) added with up to 20wt.% of graphene oxide (GO) were synthesized by the solvent evaporation technique and, for the first time, irradiated with ultraviolet radiation (UV-B) to reduce GO and obtain novel films of electrically semiconductive nanocomposites (PMMA-rGO). The exposition times to reduce the GO in these nanocomposites were 48 and 96 h. Chemical, physical, and electrical conductivity analyses were performed, and both GO and rGO added PMMA nanocomposites results were compared before and after UV-B radiation. Plain PMMA results were also compared as control. These results showed that the addition of GO flakes and its reduction (rGO) by UV-B radiation promoted better thermal stability and stiffness to the nanocomposites than to plain PMMA, as demonstrated by the thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. High resolution scanning electron microscopy demonstrated well distributed rGO particles in the PMMA matrix. FTIR and Raman confirm the reduction process of GO after being UV-B rays irradiated. The colorimetric analyses showed that the GO and rGO flakes and the PMMA matrix presented an excellent superficial interaction. The results of electrical conductivity for the PMMA matrix (4.50 × 10−9 S/m) and the nanocomposites with 2 wt. % GO (1.21 × 10−9 S/m) revealed an insulating behavior, whcich decreases for an addition of 20 wt.% GO. The electrical conductivity displayed a significant improvement with UV-B radiation, such that with 20 wt.% rGO exposed to 48 and 96 h of UV-B radiation, the PMMA-rGO nanocomposites became semiconductor.

Objetivo: relatar a experiência ao realizar uma dinâmica sobre os cuidados básicos com animais para crianças de uma escola pública. Materiais e Métodos: foi realizada uma atividade interativa com os alunos de uma escola pública de Montes Claros-MG, por acadêmicos do curso de Medicina Veterinária da referida cidade. Dois membros da equipe realizaram uma palestra instrutiva sobre os alimentos tóxicos para os animais de domésticos, como chocolate, cebola, alho, uva e afins. Além disso, foi abordado também sobre os alimentos saudáveis que os animais podem consumir e seus benefícios, como ovo, sardinha e algumas frutas e verduras. Em seguida, a equipe realizou perguntas aos alunos com o intuito de conhecê-los melhor e promover maior integração na dinâmica proposta. Primeiro, indagou-se sobre quantos alunos tinham algum animal de estimação, em seguida como era a alimentação desses animais. Conforme os alunos foram respondendo, os membros da equipe foram esclarecendo e tirando dúvidas sobre certos hábitos. Por fim, foi realizada uma última dinâmica. Os integrantes da equipe fizeram perguntas aos alunos sobre todo o conteúdo que foi abordado durante a aula, os alunos que participaram respondendo às perguntas corretamente ou interagindo ganharam premiações simbólicas. Além disso, a equipe explicou sobre a importância da vacinação, passeio, prevenção de carrapatos e pulgas, vermifugação, limpeza correta do ambiente, higiene do animal, enriquecimento ambiental e consultas ao veterinário. Resultados: a dinâmica utilizada propiciou aos envolvidos uma troca de experiências capaz de agregar conhecimento a ambos os lados, havendo, por parte dos alunos da referida escola, um entendimento efetivo sobre o tema proposto. Conclusão: a visita se mostrou produtiva, atendendo às expectativas acerca da proposta. Proporcionou favorecer a construção do conhecimento a respeito da importância do correto manejo dos animais de companhia, no que diz respeito à alimentação e cuidados básicos associados.

The study of the Ordovician of Paraná Basin culminated on the three-fold lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Rio Ivaí Group as follows: Alto Garças, Iapó and Vila Maria formations. The history of deposition of these rocks is linked to the transition from a marine fluvial environment into the glacial diamictites and shales with dropstones, overlain by post-glacial transgressive shales, siltstones and sandstones. The OrdovicianâSilurian transition is marked by a glacial and an extinction event that impacted the marine diversity of life and the permanence of the first land plants. At least three sections, designated as the sections 1, 2 and 3 below, had their sedimentary facies, taphonomy, organic carbon content and thermal maturation analysed as well as their macro- and microfossil assemblages recognized. All studied sections were productive for macro- and microfossils, although the section 1 has limited occurrence and lower preservation of palynomorphs. The greatest fossil diversity was recovered from the section 2. To date, the diversity recovered from the OrdovicianâSilurian of the Paraná Basin comprises 12 fossil groups, namely ostracods, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, cryptospores, fungi, acritarchs, chitinozoans, prasinophyte algae, scole­codonts, a possible graptolite and, more recently, a trilobite of the order Dalmanitidae. 51 species of palynomorphs of terrestrial and marine origin were recognized. This is the highest diversity reported from the glacialâpostglacial transition in the OrdovicianâSilurian boundary interval of Brazil. 18 species of cryptospores, acritarchs and fungi occur in the basal diamictites (the Iapó Formation) as well as the discinoid Kosoidea australis. In the upper part of these diamictites, the palynomorph assemblage comprises 26 taxa, most of which persist also in the postglacial shales. Still, in the shales with dropstones of the Iapó Formation, brachiopods (K. australis, infaunal lingulids, ?Palaeoglossa and rhynchonelliformeans), endemic ostracods such as Satiellina paranaensis and pyritized specimens of a widely common Hirnantian index species Harpabollia harparum occur together with indeterminable ostracod species. At least two different species of bivalve mollusks were also found as well as a gastropod species (Bucanellasp.). Observing the palynomorph assemblage, it was possible to record also chitinozoans restricted to the lowermost portion of the Vila Maria Formation. This part of the formation was observed in the outcrops 2 and 3 and contains postglacial chitinozoan assemblages that are not younger than the earliest Rhuddanian. Some centimeters above this interval but still in the lower part of the Vila Maria Formation, the occurrence of Spinachitina debbajae followed by Spinachitina silurica refer to the Silurian in the Paraná Basin. In the section 1, the recovery of a trilobite thorax configures the oldest record of this group in Brazil and shows that this ancient sea was also thriving with life even after the glaciation-related Hirnantian extinction event.

A formação de professores exige medidas que integrem diferentes saberes, principalmente no complexo processo de iniciação à docência, que propõe a reunião de atividades diversas para os licenciandos. Assim, o Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) destaca-se por contribuir efetivamente na elaboração e execução dessas atividades formativas. O presente trabalho relata a experiência decorrente do PIBID multidisciplinar de Biologia e Química, edital 2018/2020, da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB) esclarecendo todas as suas fases, nas quais diversos aspectos formativos foram contemplados por meio atividades de leitura, escrita, planejamento e ação. Com base em todos os aprendizados gerados, o PIBID se constitui como mecanismo edificador da formação docente, beneficiando todos os envolvidos na educação, e toda sociedade.

Deep-learning-based brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction methods have the potential to accelerate the MRI acquisition process. Nevertheless, the scientific community lacks appropriate benchmarks to assess the MRI reconstruction quality of high-resolution brain images, and evaluate how these proposed algorithms will behave in the presence of small, but expected data distribution shifts. The multi-coil MRI (MC-MRI) reconstruction challenge provides a benchmark that aims at addressing these issues, using a large dataset of high-resolution, three-dimensional, T1-weighted MRI scans. The challenge has two primary goals: (1) to compare different MRI reconstruction models on this dataset and (2) to assess the generalizability of these models to data acquired with a different number of receiver coils. In this paper, we describe the challenge experimental design and summarize the results of a set of baseline and state-of-the-art brain MRI reconstruction models. We provide relevant comparative information on the current MRI reconstruction state-of-the-art and highlight the challenges of obtaining generalizable models that are required prior to broader clinical adoption. The MC-MRI benchmark data, evaluation code, and current challenge leaderboard are publicly available. They provide an objective performance assessment for future developments in the field of brain MRI reconstruction.

Abstract Action video games require a high level of attention and almost automatic psychomotor reactions from the player. Therefore, this study aims to verify the relationship between the amount of hours of interaction with action video games and private self-awareness and attention to the present moment. In total, 1,315 college students were recruited (M = 21.6 years; SD = 2.7), who responded to the Digital Entertainment and Information Use Questionnaire, the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale, and the Full Attention and Awareness Scale. Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s Post-Hoc Tests) indicated a relationship between hours of video game interaction, attention to the present, and self-reflection. It is concluded that playing action video games regularly and for a certain period of time is related to a lower predisposition to turn attention to oneself and to lower impulsivity, but to a higher disposition to focus on everyday experiences (attention to the present).

Abstract Aim: to investigate through a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) the effects of interactive media on the cognitive, language, and motor development of children and adolescents. Methods: Searches were performed with the Medline, AMED, Embase, PEDro, Cochrane, Psychinfo, and ERIC databases in May 2017 with updated in July 2020. For the search strategy, we used descriptors related to “randomized controlled trial”, “interactive media” and “children and adolescents up to 18 years old”. RCTs that investigated the effectiveness of interactive media in cognitive, motor, and language development of children and adolescents up to 18 years of age with typical development were included. When appropriate, meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Pooled data were presented using standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval. We assessed the quality of evidence using the GRADE methodology and the methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Results: of the trials found, 14 references were eligible for this study. The GRADE methodology was used in 13 RCTs. Estimates showed a low level of evidence of a small effect of media use on cognitive development compared to that in the control group and another intervention. No effect on motor and language development. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review do not support claims about the advantages or disadvantages of interactive media in child development. High-quality evidence was found that interactive media is not superior to other interventions for cognitive and language development outcomes and quality of moderate evidence for motor and language development.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties and antifungal activities of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resins after the incorporation of chlorhexidine diacetate salt (CDA). Methodology: First, acrylic resin specimens were fabricated with Vipi Cor® and DuraLay® resins with and without the incorporation of 0.5%, 1.0% or 2.0% CDA. The residual monomer and CDA release were measured at intervals ranging from 2 hours to 28 days using ultraviolet spectrometry combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. The antifungal activity against C. albicans was evaluated with the agar diffusion method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the degree of resin conversion. Finally, the water sorption values of the resins were also measured. Results: The incorporated CDA concentration significantly changed the rate of CDA release (p

A survey of the Giant Otter, Pteronura brasiliensis (Zimmerman, 1780), in the state of Roraima, northern Brazilian Amazonia, is presented. We include 52 new records, increasing the total geographic coordinate points for the species in this area by 360%. Additionally, this study reports the first occurrence of the P. brasiliensis in the lavrado region, a unique and endemic ecosystem of South America with high biodiversity, which claims for protection and adequate land use planning.

The aim of this study was to obtaining an adhesive made of dimethacrylate copolymer and clay particles in different concentrations. The samples were prepared by light curing and were evaluated by XRD, FTIR and TGA as well as by measuring flexural strength, elasticity modulus and tensile resistance. The XRD and the mechanical test results indicated that the system with 0.2% clay is exfoliated, while the highest concentrations showed the agglomeration of these clays. FTIR was used to determine the conversion, and showed that use of clays particles are unable to significantly alter the polymerization until 1.0%. However, for the group containing 1.5%, there was a decline in this index. In the thermogravimetric analysis, only the groups with 0.2% of clays showed increased thermal resistance. In conclusion, the incorporation of clay at 0.2% concentration produces a well-dispersed system and can be applied as a dental adhesive.

The agricultural use of sewage sludge is one of the best alternatives to disposal because of its potential as a plant fertilizer and soil conditioner. However, to be safe for agricultural use, the sewage sludge must be evaluated according to its physical, chemical, and biological properties and its origin. In Brazil, NBR 10.004/2004 is the standard that determines the classification of solid waste, and CONAMA Resolution 375/2006 defines the criteria for the agricultural use of sewage sludge. This study evaluated the agricultural potential of an aerobically digested industrial sewage sludge from the Serramar Dairy Cooperative in the city of Guaratinguetá, São Paulo. This sludge was classified as Class IIA waste according to NBR 10.004/2004 and displayed potential for agricultural use by falling within the limits in terms for heavy metals and pathogenic organisms established by Resolution 375/2006 as well as containing high levels of nutrients. To establish the sludge doses allowed for application to crops such as maize (annual) and Eucalyptus sp. (perennial) by the resolution, the amount of nitrogen available in the sludge and the amounts of this nutrient required by these crops were considered. The recommended sewage sludge doses for corn (8 Mg ha- 1) and Eucalyptus sp. forestation (6 Mg ha- 1) can meet the nitrogen and phosphorus needs of these crops but require supplementation with potassium mineral fertilizer.

Trata-se de uma investigação teórica que objetivou compreender os impactos na constituição psíquica da criança adotada por um casal homoafetivo. Apresentam-se os avanços relacionados à viabilidade jurídica desse tipo de adoção e, a partir da teoria psicanalítica, destaca-se a importância das funções parentais na constituição psíquica, uma vez que são exercidas na ordem do simbólico, interligando-se ao desejo e à significação da criança e não necessariamente submetidas ao real da anatomia do par parental. As considerações finais apontam para a necessidade de uma ampla discussão sobre a família homoparental e destaca o papel do psicólogo na compreensão dessa organização familiar.

Nanotubos de carbono (CNT) têm sido amplamente estudados no desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos poliméricos devido às suas elevadas propriedades térmicas e mecânicas. Entretanto os biopolímeros, classe que também ganhou grande interesse em busca de materiais sustentáveis, apresentam propriedades inferiores aos polímeros tradicionais, o que pode limitar sua aplicação. Desta forma, o objetivo desse artigo consistiu na realização de uma revisão de literatura, a fim de determinar o atual estado da arte dos nanocompósitos de CNT em matrizes de biopolímeros. Com base nesse levantamento bibliográfico pode-se dizer que de maneira geral, sistemas com adequada dispersão demonstram uma maior resistência térmica que as matrizes puras, bem como levam ao aumento das propriedades mecânicas favorecidas pela maior rigidez do sistema.

O uso agrícola de lodos de esgoto é uma das melhores alternativas de disposição final, devido ao potencial fertilizante de plantas e de condicionador de solos destes resíduos. No entanto, para que o uso agrícola seja realizado de forma segura, os lodos precisam ser caracterizados quanto as suas propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas, considerando as especificidades derivadas de sua origem. No Brasil, a classificação de resíduos sólidos é determinada pela norma NBR 10.004/2004 e a Resolução CONAMA 375/2006 define os critérios para uso agrícola de lodos de esgoto. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial agrícola do lodo de esgoto industrial digerido aerobiamente, gerado pela Cooperativa de Laticínios SERRAMAR, do município de Guaratinguetá (SP). De acordo com a NBR 10.004/2004, este lodo foi classificado como Resíduo Classe II-A e apresentou potencial de uso agrícola, por atender aos limites estabelecidos pela Resolução 375/2006 quanto aos teores de metais pesados e presença de organismos patogênicos e por conter elevados teores de nutrientes. Para a definição das doses de aplicação deste lodo em cultivos permitidos, como o milho (anual) e o Eucalyptus sp. (perene), foi considerada a quantidade de nitrogênio disponível no lodo e a dose requerida por estas culturas, conforme descrito na Resolução 375/2006. As doses de lodo de esgoto recomendadas para a cultura do milho (8 Mg ha-1) e para florestamentos de Eucalyptus sp. (6 Mg ha-1) podem atender as exigências nutricionais destas culturas em nitrogênio e fósforo, necessitando de complementação com fertilizante mineral potássico.

The diet of the Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) is one of the best known aspects of its biology throughout its distribution range. However, most dietary studies have been undertaken during short time periods, making it difficult to identify temporal patterns in the feeding behavior of the species. The present study aimed to describe the diet of L. longicaudis in the lower region of the Mambucaba Catchment, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during a three year period, based on analyses of spraints (feces). The results show fish as the main prey item (frequency of occurrence, FO = 85.78%), as already described in previous studies. Crustaceans were the second main prey (FO = 70.67%), occurring in the spraints during the whole year, however presenting a higher frequency of occurrence than fish in samples collected during some months. Anurans were the third most important prey item (FO = 9.56%) and mammals, birds and reptiles were preyed upon only rarely (less than 4%). Fish and crustaceans were present in the diet of the species throughout the year and frogs were important mostly from June to August (dry season). This higher rate of predation on amphibians during the drier months was probably related to the decrease of the main prey.

Investigación que trata sobre los significados del uso que hacen los adolescentes del alcohol. Objetivos: Identificar el significado los adolescentes le atribuyen al consumo de bebidas alcohólicas; Caracterizar la cantidad y los principales locales de consumo de estas bebidas; Detectar factores de riesgos y/o tendencia relacionadas con este consumo. Metodología: cualitativa, convergente asistencial, relacionada con cuidado-educación. Se aplicó un instrumento de entrevista, semi-estructurado, con preguntas abiertas. Se formaron dos grupos con seis adolescentes en cada grupo. Se observó que el mayor consumo de bebidas alcohólicas por adolescentes se lleva a cabo en fiestas y conmemoraciones, poniendo en evidencia o destacando el atractivo social del alcohol, que representa un elemento que facilita o induce la interacción, la socialización y la permisividad de actitudes y pensamientos no aceptados socialmente. Los adolescentes no se reconocen como víctimas potenciales, asociando la problemática a otros jóvenes, no a si mismos y a su grupo. La metodología favoreció la interacción de los participantes, y las orientaciones y discusiones contribuyeron a la reflexión y desmitificación de las ideas de los sujetos sobre el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas.Pesquisa sobre os significados do uso do álcool por adolescentes. Objetivos: Identificar o significado atribuído pelos adolescentes ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas; caracterizar a quantidade e os principais locais de consumo dessas bebidas; e detectar fatores de risco e/ou tendência para este consumo. Metodologia: qualitativa, convergente assistencial, articulada ao cuidado-educação. Aplicou-se um instrumento de entrevista, semiestruturado, com questões abertas. Realizaram-se dois grupos com seis adolescentes cada. O maior consumo de bebidas alcoólicas pelos adolescentes ocorre em festas e comemorações, evidenciando o apelo social do álcool, que representa um facilitador para a interação, socialização e permissividade de atitudes e pensamentos não aceitos socialmente. Os adolescentes não se reconhecem como vítimas potenciais, associando a problemática a outros jovens, não a eles mesmos e a seu grupo. A metodologia favoreceu o entrosamento dos participantes, e as orientações e discussões contribuíram para reflexões e desmistificações das ideias dos sujeitos sobre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas.Research on the meanings of the use of alcohol by adolescents. Objectives: To identify the meaning attributed by adolescents to alcohol consumption; characterize the quantity and the main sites of consumption of these drinks. Detect risk factors and / or the tendency to consumption. Methodology: Qualitative, convergent services, coordinated care - education. It was applied an interview, semi-structured with open questions. There were two groups each with six teenagers. The higher consumption of alcohol by teenagers is at parties and celebrations, highlighting the social appeal of alcohol, which is a facilitator for interaction, socialization and permissiveness of attitudes and thoughts not accepted socially. Teenagers do not recognize themselves as potential victims, associating the issue to other young people, not to them and their group. The methodology facilitated the integration of the participants, and the guidelines and the discussions contributed with the reflections and demystification of the ideas on the subjects about the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

O objeto é a leitura mediada à criança hospitalizada como estratégia lúdica. Os objetivos são: Identificar os sentidos atribuídos pelos sujeitos às ações de mediação de leitura; caracterizar suas contribuições às crianças hospitalizadas; e discutir a leitura mediada como estratégia expressiva/lúdica de cuidado fundamental. Pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva realizada com 10 crianças hospitalizadas; 10 acompanhantes; 7 mediadores de leitura; e 10 membros da equipe de enfermagem. Evidenciaram-se os benefícios da leitura no bem-estar das crianças e seus acompanhantes, favorecendo o trabalho da equipe de saúde. Para os profissionais e mediadores, a leitura mediada é uma estratégia de humanização do cuidado que diminui a sobrecarga psíquica e proporciona conforto emocional à criança, amenizando seu sofrimento. Concluiu-se que aliar o ludismo ao cuidado vem ao encontro dos princípios da teoria do cuidado humano e, também, do Projeto Humaniza SUS, cujas estratégias de acolhimento do cliente ganham vulto.El objeto es la lectura guiada como estrategia lúdica para los niños hospitalizados. Los objetivos son: Identificar los sentidos que les atribuyen los sujetos a las acciones de mediación de lectura; caracterizar la contribución hecha a los niños hospitalizados; y discutir la lectura guiada como una estrategia expresiva/lúdica de cuidado fundamental. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva realizada con 10 niños hospitalizados; 10 acompañantes; 07 mediadores de lectura; y 10 miembros del equipo de enfermería. Es evidente los beneficios de la lectura en el bien-estar de los niños y sus acompañantes, favoreciendo el trabajo del equipo de salud. Para los profesionales y mediadores, la lectura guiada es una estrategia de humanización del cuidado que disminuye la sobrecarga psíquica y proporciona conforto emocional al niño, amenizando su sufrimiento. Se concluyó que aliar actividades lúdicas con cuidados y atención se concretizan como los principios de la teoría del cuidado humano y, también, del Proyecto Humaniza SUS, cuyas estrategias de acoger al paciente están ganando cada dia más importancia.The purpose is the mediated reading to hospitalized child as "ludic" strategy. The objectives are: Identify the meanings of reading mediation actions attributed by the subjects; characterize their contributions to hospitalized children, and discuss the mediated reading as expressive / "ludic" strategy of basic care. It is a descriptive and qualitative study conducted with 10 hospitalized children and their 10 escorts; 07 reading mediators, and 10 nursing team's members. The benefits of reading were evidenced on children and their escort's well-being which promote the health team's work. For the professionals and mediators, the mediated reading is a humanization care strategy that reduce psychic surcharge and provides emotional comfort to the children, softening their suffering. It concluded that combining "ludism" and care is in line with the principles of the theory of human care and also the project called Humaniza SUS, whose host strategies of customer are valued.

Através das técnicas de modelagem digital do terreno, é possível modelar a superfície terrestre através de amostras. Essas amostras, após serem interpoladas, e de acordo com a localização, dão origem a diferentes tipos de modelos digitais. Quando a elevação da grade provém apenas de pontos localizados na superfície nua do terreno, tem-se um modelo digital de elevação; quando incorpora valores de elevação das feições naturais e artificiais situadas acima da superfície nua do terreno, tem-se um modelo digital de superfície. Neste trabalho, foram utilizadas imagens estereoscópicas do sensor a bordo do satélite IKONOS-2, com 1 metro de resolução espacial, que recobrem parte do município de Mairiporã - SP. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a acurácia vertical de modelos digitais de superfície, gerados a partir de um par estereoscópico de imagens IKONOS e respectivos coeficientes polinomiais racionais (RPC), e a acurácia posicional de ortoimagens geradas a partir dos modelos digitais de superfície com maior acurácia vertical. Os modelos digitais de superfície foram gerados com cinco diferentes combinações de pontos de controle: 9, 12, 15, 18 e 21. Cada modelo e ortoimagem foram avaliados através do erro médio quadrático, com base em 21 pontos de validação levantados em campo. A modelagem RPC apresentou maior acurácia em relação à de Toutin na geração dos modelos e ortoimagem, e ainda apresenta vantagens como possibilidade de geração de modelos relativos e menor dependência do uso de pontos de controle.

The loss of breast tissue is a problem that plagues many women. Total mastectomy procedures after breast cancer or extensive tissue loss by accident generate permanent aesthetic‐functional lesions that are correlated with the loss of breastfeeding capacity, loss of self‐esteem, anxiety, depression, reduced sexual attraction, hopelessness, and often, suicide. Although current clinical practices try to restore aesthetics, functional improvements are not readily resolved by these maneuvers. Those who undergo such procedures often end up with permanent aesthetic and functional injuries. The difficulty in regenerating breast tissue stems from its high structural complexity. In cases of extensive loss of breast tissue, the use of regeneration strategies becomes necessary for proper healing and tissue reconstruction. In this context, the use of regeneration scaffolds may open new possibilities for the regeneration of various body tissues, especially breast tissue, enabling the adequate healing of large injuries in different tissues. Hydrogels are examples of highly versatile materials for this application, given the range of methodologies for their preparation and composition components. The results of various studies indicate that the application of hydrogel‐based scaffolds for breast regeneration is highly promising. Among the materials and systems most applied for this purpose, biodegradable polymers stand out due to their high biocompatibility and the ability for spontaneous removal from the organism. In this sector, systems obtained through 3D printing also stand out due to the increased predictability of geometry and pore distribution. However, it is noteworthy that the evaluated regeneration systems are primarily focused on regenerating adipose tissue, with no specific systems for the epithelial regeneration of the breasts or the areas of glandular tissue. These areas represent sectors that still need further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO: Estudar os possíveis fatores associados à adesão ao tratamento fonoaudiológico para a disfonia, em mulheres professoras da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Belo Horizonte. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, no qual foram analisados 251 prontuários de professores atendidos no Ambulatório de Voz do Serviço de Fonoaudiologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (AV-UFMG) no período de 2007 a 2009. Foram coletados os seguintes dados: idade, número de sessões programadas, número de faltas, número de filhos, tipo de disfonia, grau da disfonia, renda mensal familiar e escolaridade. Calculou-se a distância, em quilômetros, da residência ao local do tratamento e do local de trabalho ao local do tratamento fonoaudiológico. Analisou-se também o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social do local de trabalho. RESULTADOS: Dos 251 prontuários analisados, 135 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Destes 89 (65,93%) correspondem ao grupo que recebeu alta e 46 (34,07%) ao grupo que abandonou o tratamento. Das variáveis estudadas, apenas o número de faltas e o tipo de disfonia apresentaram relação com a adesão à terapia de voz. CONCLUSÃO: O número de ausências às sessões, fator relacionado ao tratamento, e a disfonia do tipo organofuncional, aspecto referente ao quadro clínico, mostraram-se associados ao abandono da terapia de voz.

Abstract The aim of the present work was the obtaining and characterization of dental hybrid composites using nanoparticles (clay or silica) and boron-aluminum-silicate microparticles. We evaluated the dispersion of the nanofillers when changing their loading among 2.5%, 5%, 10% and 25% wt. Were tested, in the above quantities, four different types of nanofillers, two nanosilicas and two nanoclays The remainder of the inorganic phase, up to a total loading of 75% wt, was given by the boron-aluminum-silicate microparticles. The systems were characterized by XRD, TGA, LF-NMR, and . FTIR was used to determine the degree of conversion. The XRD and LF-NMR showed that the composites with 2.5% of clays, contained an exfoliated profile, and the groups with higher amounts of clay showed intercalated areas or the agglomeration of these particles. Furthermore, the silicas were agglomerated in all groups. The thermal resistance of the material was not affected by the silicas, but improved when using 2.5% of nanoclays. On the other hand, the addition of these particles caused the reduction of the degree of conversion of the systems.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence of interactive media (tablets and smartphones) use by children aged two to four years old, as well as to characterize this use, and investigate habits, practices, parents’ participation and opinion about their child’s interactive media use. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 244 parents or legal guardians of children enrolled in daycare centers in a small Brazilian municipality was conducted. A questionnaire based on interactive media use and related habits were applied, and economic level was assessed. Children were divided into three different groups according to media use: Group 1 did not use (n=81); Group 2 uses up to 45 min/day (n=83) and Group 3 uses more than 45 min/day (n=80). Then, they were compared with regard to the sociodemographic variables and media use by the Chi-square test and Student’s t-test. Results: The prevalence of interactive media use was 67.2%, with a mean time of use of 69.2 minutes/day (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 57.1-81.2). The activities most performed were watching videos (55%), listening to music (33%) and playing games (28%). Most parents reported allowing media use in order to stimulate their child’s development (58.4%), accompanying them during use (75.2%), and limiting media time (86.4%). Conclusions: We observed high interactive media use prevalence. The predominant way of using these devices was marked by parent-child participation. Most parents reported believing in the benefits of interactive media. Passive activities were more frequent, with restricted time of use.