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1. Quality of urban climate adaptation plans over time

Author

Diana Reckien, Attila Buzasi, Marta Olazabal, Niki-Artemis Spyridaki, Peter Eckersley, Sofia G. Simoes, Monica Salvia, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Paris Fokaides, Sascha M. Goonesekera, Léa Tardieu, Mario V. Balzan, Cheryl L. de Boer, Sonia De Gregorio Hurtado, Efrén Feliu, Alexandros Flamos, Aoife Foley, Davide Geneletti, Stelios Grafakos, Oliver Heidrich, Byron Ioannou, Anna Krook-Riekkola, Marko Matosovic, Hans Orru, Kati Orru, Ivan Paspaldzhiev, Klavdija Rižnar, Magdalena Smigaj, Maria Szalmáné Csete, Vincent Viguié, and Anja Wejs

Subjects
Urbanization. City and country, HT361-384, City planning, HT165.5-169.9
Abstract

Abstract Defining and measuring progress in adaptation are important questions for climate adaptation science, policy, and practice. Here, we assess the progress of urban adaptation planning in 327 European cities between 2005 and 2020 using three ‘ADAptation plan Quality Assessment’ indices, called ADAQA-1/ 2/ 3, that combine six plan quality principles. Half of the cities have an adaptation plan and its quality significantly increased over time. However, generally, plan quality is still low in many cities. Participation and monitoring and evaluation are particularly weak aspects in urban adaptation policy, together with plan ‘consistency’. Consistency connects impacts and vulnerabilities with adaptation goals, planned measures, actions, monitoring and evaluation, and participation processes. Consistency is a key factor in the overall quality of plans. To help evaluate the quality of plans and policies and promote learning, we suggest incorporating our ADAptation plan Quality Assessment indices into the portfolio of adaptation progress assessments and tracking methodologies.

Published
2023
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2. Are soil sealing indicators sufficient to guide urban planning? Insights from an ecosystem services assessment in the Paris metropolitan area

Author

Léa Tardieu, Perrine Hamel, Vincent Viguié, Lana Coste, and Harold Levrel

Subjects
ecosystem services, stakeholders, soil sealing, historical evolution, InVEST, urban planning, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Urban sprawl impacts are critical in the evaluation of planning decisions and often monitored by indicators of soil sealing. In France, these indicators are required by law to be reported in environmental assessments of planning documents. Although monitoring of soil sealing is important to limit environmental impacts, focusing on this sole dimension in urban planning can be reductive. In this paper, we explore to what extent ecosystem services (ES) indicators, measuring the benefits to humans provided by healthy ecosystems, are captured by soil sealing indicators by comparing their temporal and spatial evolutions. Through consulting with urban planning stakeholders, we model and map the spatial and temporal evolutions over a 35 year period of soil sealing and eight priority ES in the Paris metropolitan area (agricultural potential, groundwater recharge, global climate regulation, water quality regulation through nutrient retention, urban heat mitigation, flood mitigation, recreational potential and natural heritage). We highlight the spatial and temporal matches and mismatches between the two types of indicators (ES and soil sealing) and demonstrate that a large part of ES variations are not well captured by soil sealing indicators in time and space (spatial match with the eight ES is only found for 10% of the Paris metropolitan area). This calls for finer, ES-based, diagnosis in land use planning that could usefully illuminate the gains and losses related to land use and land management policies by taking into account the environmental and societal impacts of urban sprawl.

Published
2021
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3. L’approche par les services écosystémiques peut-elle permettre une meilleure mise en visibilité de la nature dans les processus de planification urbaine ?

Author

Léa Tardieu, Perrine Hamel, Mehdi Mikou, Lana Coste, and Harold Levrel

Subjects
ecosystem services, urban planning, Île-de-France, spatial planning, sustainable cities, urban nature, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Social Sciences
Abstract

Nature in the city is a significant asset for cities’ adaptation to climate change and contributes to the quality of life of people in many ways. Its contribution, predominantly positive but also negative, can be represented by ecosystem services and disservices. In this paper, we question the input of consideration, mapping and communication on ES in creating a common language among stakeholders with different background and practices, and to make nature more visible in urban planning decisions. The question is addressed qualitatively through stakeholders’ interviews. The results show the potential added value of se as a tool for acculturation, territorial dialogue and evaluation in favour of the conservation and development of nature in the city.

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8. Planning for environmental justice - reducing well-being inequalities through urban greening

Author

Harold Levrel, Charlotte Liotta, Léa Tardieu, Yann Kervinio, Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Inequality, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Multidimensional inequality indices, 01 natural sciences, 12. Responsible consumption, Ecosystem services, Cultural ecosystem services, Green spaces, Political science, 11. Sustainability, Regional science, Political philosophy, Environmental justice, Socioeconomic status, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, 1. No poverty, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Metropolitan area, Planning strategies, 13. Climate action, Well-being, Green infrastructure
Abstract

International audience; Urban green spaces provide cultural ecosystem services, and urban policies typically aim to enhance these services by targeting new investments in deprived areas. The implementation of urban greening policies is one way to reduce inequalities in well-being, for example by targeting areas where increased access to green spaces will benefit citizens of low socioeconomic status. Most research has addressed the targeting of green infrastructure development by considering income and access to green spaces, while few studies have considered a multidimensional definition of well-being. The aims of this paper are to i) integrate inputs from the economic and political philosophy literature to propose a broader definition of well-being, including health, education, insecurity, and social relations; ii) develop a criterion to prioritise areas where urban greening would have the greatest impact on well-being inequalities; and iii) apply this criterion to the Paris metropolitan area (Ile-de-France region), a spatially heterogeneous region where areas deprived of access to green spaces are not systematically deprived in other dimensions. Our analysis shows that the city of Paris and the inner suburbs would be targeted when considering inequality in access to green spaces only. The results differ when inequalities in income or multidimensional well-being are taken into account, in which case the northern inner suburbs and some outer suburbs become a higher priority.

Published
2020
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10. Mapping the benefits of nature in cities with the InVEST software

Author

Robert I. McDonald, Richard Sharp, Ben Janke, J. A. Douglass, Vincent Viguié, Harold Levrel, D. Xu, Jan J. Kuiper, Haochi Zheng, Zhiyun Ouyang, Maike Hamann, Stephen Polasky, Baolong Han, Hongxiao Liu, Chris Nootenboom, Léa Tardieu, Roy P. Remme, Anne D. Guerry, Perrine Hamel, Gretchen C. Daily, Eric V. Lonsdorf, Natural Capital Project, Department of Biology and Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Asian School of the Environment

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Services, Geology [Science], Computer science and engineering::Computer applications [Engineering], 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Natural (archaeology), 12. Responsible consumption, Ecosystem services, 11. Sustainability, Mainstream, Land use, land-use change and forestry, Environmental planning, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Valuation (finance), General Engineering, Stakeholder, Urban design, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Variety (cybernetics), 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Business
Abstract

Natural infrastructure such as parks, forests, street trees, green roofs, and coastal vegetation is central to sustainable urban management. Despite recent progress, it remains challenging for urban decision-makers to incorporate the benefits of natural infrastructure into urban design and planning. Here, we present an approach to support the greening of cities by quantifying and mapping the diverse benefits of natural infrastructure for now and in the future. The approach relies on open-source tools, within the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) software, that compute biophysical and socio-economic metrics relevant to a variety of decisions in data-rich or data-scarce contexts. Through three case studies in China, France, and the United States, we show how spatially explicit information about the benefits of nature enhances urban management by improving economic valuation, prioritizing land use change, and promoting inclusive planning and stakeholder dialogue. We discuss limitations of the tools, including modeling uncertainties and a limited suite of output metrics, and propose research directions to mainstream natural infrastructure information in integrated urban management. Nanyang Technological University Published version Part of this research was supported by the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish research council FORMAS (2018-002371), and the LuEsther T. Mertz Charitable Trust. We acknowledge funding from Nanyang Technological University for the first author; the US Golf Association for the Twin Cities case study, the Chinese Academy of Sciences for the Shenzhen case study, and the Ministère de la Transition Écologique et Solidaire, ADEME, and AgroParisTech for the Paris case study. The first author acknowledges Nanyang Technological University for financial contribution to this research.

Published
2021
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13. Climate mitigation in the Mediterranean Europe: An assessment of regional and city-level plans

Author

Sofia Simoes, Oliver Heidrich, Davide Geneletti, Monica Salvia, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Diana Reckien, Marko Matosović, Vincent Viguié, Léa Tardieu, Nataša Belšak Šel, Efren Feliu, Alexandros Flamos, Sonia De Gregorio Hurtado, Marta Olazabal, Byron Ioannou, Paris A. Fokaides, Niki Artemis Spyridaki, Mario V. Balzan, Klavdija Rižnar, Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis of the National Research Council (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Frederick University, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) - TU0902, Spanish State Research Agency through Maria de Maeztu Excellence Unit accreditation - MDM-20170714, Basque Government, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR) - 232/2016, UT-I-ITC-PLUS, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management, and Department of Earth Systems Analysis

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Paris, Environmental Engineering, Croatia, Climate Change, Slovenia, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Climate mitigation, UT-Hybrid-D, Climate change, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 12. Responsible consumption, Climate change mitigation, 11. Sustainability, Region, Cities, Waste Management and Disposal, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Greece, Portugal, Mediterranean Region, Population size, City, 1. No poverty, General Medicine, Mediterranean Europe, 020801 environmental engineering, Local mitigation planning, Europe, Regions, Geography, Italy, Spain, 13. Climate action, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, Greenhouse gas, Cyprus, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Mediterranean area, France
Abstract

In Europe, regions in the Mediterranean area share common characteristics in terms of high sensitivity to climate change impacts. Does this translate into specificities regarding climate action that could arise from these Mediterranean characteristics? This paper sheds light on regional and local climate mitigation actions of the Mediterranean Europe, focusing on the plans to reduce greenhouse gases emissions in a representative sample of 51 regions and 73 cities across 9 Mediterranean countries (Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain). The study investigates: (i) the availability of local and regional mitigation plans, (ii) their goals in term of greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets on the short and medium-long term, and (iii) the impact of transnational climate networks on such local and regional climate mitigation planning. Results of this study indicate an uneven and fragmented planning, that shows a Mediterranean West-East divide, and a link with population size. However, overall, both regional and city action seem insufficiently ambitious with regards to meeting the Paris Agreement, at least at city level. While national frameworks are currently weak in influencing regional and local actions, transnational networks seem to be engaging factors for commitment (at city level) and ambitiousness (at regional level). The uneven and fragmented progress revealed by this study, does not align with the characteristics shared by investigated regions and cities in terms of environmental, socio-political, climatic and economic conditions. The results support the call of a common green deal at the Mediterranean level to further address specific Mediterranean challenges and related needs. This will allow to capitalise on available resources, generate local-specific knowledge, build capacities, and support Mediterranean regions and cities in preparing the next generation of more ambitious mitigation plans. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021
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14. Will climate mitigation ambitions lead to carbon neutrality? An analysis of the local-level plans of 327 cities in the EU

Author

Sonia De Gregorio Hurtado, Sofia Simoes, Vincent Viguié, Attila Buzási, Paris A. Fokaides, Diana Reckien, Viera Baštáková, Léa Tardieu, Ivan Paspaldzhiev, Nataša Belšak Šel, Niki-Artemis Spyridaki, Mario V. Balzan, Marko Matosović, Eliška Krkoška Lorencová, Oliver Heidrich, Marta Olazabal, Monica Salvia, Lana Coste, Davide Geneletti, Anja Wejs, Magdalena Smigaj, Peter Eckersley, Klavdija Rižnar, Aoife Foley, Cheryl de Boer, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Jon Marco Church, Stelios Grafakos, Sergiu Vasilie, Eva Streberova, Byron Ioannou, Kati Orru, Corinna Altenburg, Anna Krook-Riekkola, Mária Csete, Hans Orru, Alexandros Flamos, Efren Feliu, Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis of the National Research Council (IMAA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), UT-I-ITC-PLUS, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, and Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management

Subjects
Mitigation, Natural resource economics, 020209 energy, Population, Globe, Sample (statistics), EURO LCP Initiative, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Energy policy, Carbon neutrality, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 11. Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Climate change, Local climate plans, Cities, Baseline (configuration management), education, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, Energy, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Emission reduction, Europe, Alliance, medicine.anatomical_structure, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Business
Abstract

Cities across the globe recognise their role in climate mitigation and are acting to reduce carbon emissions. Knowing whether cities set ambitious climate and energy targets is critical for determining their contribution towards the global 1.5 °C target, partly because it helps to identify areas where further action is necessary. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the mitigation targets of 327 European cities, as declared in their local climate plans. The sample encompasses over 25% of the EU population and includes cities of all sizes across all Member States, plus the UK. The study analyses whether the type of plan, city size, membership of climate networks, and its regional location are associated with different levels of mitigation ambition. Results reveal that 78% of the cities have a GHG emissions reduction target. However, with an average target of 47%, European cities are not on track to reach the Paris Agreement: they need to roughly double their ambitions and efforts. Some cities are ambitious, e.g. 25% of our sample (81) aim to reach carbon neutrality, with the earliest target date being 2020.90% of these cities are members of the Climate Alliance and 75% of the Covenant of Mayors. City size is the strongest predictor for carbon neutrality, whilst climate network(s) membership, combining adaptation and mitigation into a single strategy, and local motivation also play a role. The methods, data, results and analysis of this study can serve as a reference and baseline for tracking climate mitigation ambitions across European and global cities. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2021
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16. From supply to demand factors: What are the determinants of attractiveness for outdoor recreation?

Author

Laetitia Tuffery, Léa Tardieu, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Attractiveness, Economics and Econometrics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Context (language use), Travel cost method, Function benefit transfer, Regional park strategy, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Supply and demand, 11. Sustainability, Quality (business), Forest recreational attractiveness, Function (engineering), Spatial analysis, Recreation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, 15. Life on land, Environmental economics, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Supply and demand factors, 13. Climate action, Business, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME]
Abstract

International audience; The concept of ecosystem services (ES) remains underused in supporting practical decisions in conservation/development plans and programs. One of the most important factors explaining this non-consideration is the lack of spatial information describing the nature-society relationship in environmental and economic analyses. In this paper, we developed a novel method to predict, in spatially explicit terms, the recreation attractiveness potential combining supply and demand factors. Our method is based on the combination and transfer of a Lancasterian function of biophysical aspects and a travel cost model based on agents' sociodemographic characteristics. We further validate the usefulness of the proposed recreation model by using it in the evaluation of a regional park charter pursuing two main objectives: recreational attractiveness and habitat quality (modeled with InVEST). The results demonstrate first that the biophysical context plays a large role in the recreational trip choice and thus should not be ignored in travel cost studies. Second, from a policy guidance perspective, we show that providing spatial information appears particularly critical for ES to be a useful lever for action in day-today decision-making.

Published
2019
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17. Preferences for biodiversity offset contracts on arable land: a choice experiment study with farmers

Author

Sébastien Roussel, Anne-Charlotte Vaissière, Léa Tardieu, Fabien Quétier, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Biotope [Mèze], Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 (CEE-M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
Economics and Econometrics, Biodiversity offsetting, Natural resource economics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0211 other engineering and technologies, Biodiversity, Land management, Ecological efficiency, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, choice experiment, 01 natural sciences, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q1 - Agriculture/Q.Q1.Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure • Land Reform • Land Use • Irrigation • Agriculture and Environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q2 - Renewable Resources and Conservation/Q.Q2.Q24 - Land, land management, 021107 urban & regional planning, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services • Biodiversity Conservation • Bioeconomics • Industrial Ecology, Preference, Habitat, agricultural contract, Business, Arable land, biodiversity offset
Abstract

Biodiversity offsetting (BO) is aimed at achieving no net loss of biodiversity in the context of economic development. Through a choice experiment in Northern France, we show that farmers have a clear preference for not signing up BO contracts. The contracts they accept may only be suitable for offsetting temporary impacts on already degraded areas of natural habitat but not for permanent impacts on high-quality habitat. We find that the introduction of a conditional monetary bonus can improve the organisational and ecological efficiency of BO because it increases the enrolled acreage in a BO contract per farmer albeit at an increased cost for developers.

Published
2018
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18. Non-Market Valuation

Author

Sébastien Roussel, Léa Tardieu, Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - FRE2010 (CEE-M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Roussel, Sébastien, and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Non-market Valuation, Value of changes, 0502 economics and business, 05 social sciences, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, 050202 agricultural economics & policy, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract

Non-Market valuation is a set of techniques that aims at reflecting the economic value of changes, in the availability or quality, of goods and services that are not intended to be traded in the market (e.g., health care, education, environment). The objective is to estimate the impacts of these changes on one’s utility and by extension on the social welfare, in order to manage these goods and services by considering their true value to society.

Published
2018

19. The need for integrated spatial assessments in ecosystem service mapping

Author

Léa Tardieu, Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ecosystem service mapping, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Perspective (graphical), Ecosystem service assessment, Context (language use), General Medicine, 15. Life on land, 010501 environmental sciences, Integrated valuation, 01 natural sciences, Data science, Fuzzy logic, Ecosystem services, Economic valuation, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 13. Climate action, Order (exchange), Environmental impact assessment, Integrated assessment, Temporal scales, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Publications on the modelling and mapping of ecosystem services (ESs) have increased exponentially in recent years. In this literature, a call for integrated environmental assessment is increasingly made, even if, in the ES context, the concept of integration remains fuzzy and can refer to different elements. First, this review paper attempts to clarify to which elements the word ‘integration’ is attributable in the ES literature. Integrated assessment can refer to the consideration of pluralistic values, the attention paid to several ESs and ecosystems, the accounting for multiple spatial and temporal scales, the implication of different stakeholders or the combination of techniques stemming from different disciplines. Second, this paper provides a review of the latest advances in the literature on mapping ESs, from the ecological to the economic perspective, in order to illustrate what can be done and what progress remains to be made to perform integrated and spatially explicit assessments of ESs. Third, this paper reviews examples of studies performing integrated assessments using the different meanings integration can take. Finally, it concludes by presenting the remaining challenges that research on this topic faces to perform fully integrated spatial assessments.

Published
2017
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21. Economic evaluation of the Impacts of transportation infrastructures on ecosystem services

Author

Léa Tardieu, Laboratoire d'Economie Forestière (LEF), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Egis Structures et Environnement

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 05 social sciences, Control (management), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, 12. Responsible consumption, Ecosystem services, Supply and demand, Environmental studies, 13. Climate action, 0502 economics and business, 11. Sustainability, Economic evaluation, Environmental impact assessment, Ecosystem, 050202 agricultural economics & policy, Natural capital, business, Environmental planning
Abstract

This paper reviews the interests and the challenges faced in the economic valuation of Ecosystem Services (ES) loss induced by transport infrastructure projects. First, potential presence and changes in ES supply demand and values may be determined in a spatially explicit manner to reflect accurately the loss associated with each implementation option. Next, infrastructure impacts on ES may be characterized for each ES and ecosystem types, including the characterization of the spatial extent of impacts and the magnitude of the impact. The temporal trend of the ES values may also be addressed. We further provide an example of the consideration of multiple ecosystem services loss in a real environmental impact assessment and cost-benefit analysis to assess the additional information it may bring. The advantages can be summarized in three main points: the analysis can (1) enhance guidance for avoidance measures from preliminary environmental studies to the comparison of implementation options, (2) provide the possibility of testing the cost-effectiveness of mitigation measures, and (3) give an order of magnitude of the social loss engendered by the final option chosen. This may enable a more efficient control of the natural capital loss in transport infrastructure planning

Published
2016

22. Recreation demand analysis of sensitive natural areas from an on-site survey

Author

Léa Tardieu, Sébastien Roussel, Jean-Michel Salles, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Economie Forestière (LEF), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conseil Général de l'Hérault, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, recreation value, overdispersion, Environmental engineering, Forestry, endogenous stratification, General Medicine, 010501 environmental sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, 01 natural sciences, travel cost method, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Geography, Demand analysis, sensitive natural area, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Recreation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Natural areas contribute to human well-being in many ways. These areas provide ecosystem servicesand are increasingly valuable. The main objective of our study is to valuate the recreation demandof sensitive natural areas (SNAs) in the Hérault Department (France). These areas are acquired forprotection from urban sprawl and free access. The value of these areas also justifies the conservationpolicy for SNAs. We apply the travel cost method (TCM) to assess this topic. We estimate the visitorsurplus mean value to be E59 (US$78) per trip. This value is greater than those previously found inrecreation demand analysis in France. This high value could partly justify the cost entailed by the SNApolicy (land acquisition and management) compared to other natural sites. Social recreation valueswould be worth E12.5 (US$16.5 Million) and E25 Million per year (US$33 Million) for a low andhigh hypotheses of SNA users per year.; Les espaces naturels sont des sites multifonctionnels contribuant au bien-être humain. Parmi lesservices écosystémiques qu’offrent ces espaces, les services récréatifs occupent une place grandissante.L’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer la demande de récréation des Espaces Naturels Sensibles (ENS)du Département de l’Hérault. Ces sites sont acquis par les Départements pour les préserver del’urbanisation et les rendre accessibles gratuitement. En estimant les bénéfices récréatifs associés, nousfournissons des informations justifiant la politique de conservation des ENS. Nous utilisons l’approcheindividuelle de la Méthode des Coûts de Déplacements (MCD). Nous estimons le surplus des visiteursà hauteur de 59 E (78 US$) en moyenne par visite. Cette valeur est plus importante que cellesestimées dans les différentes études portant sur la récréation en France. Cette valeur permet en partiede justifier les coûts engendrés par la politique ENS (acquisition et gestion) par rapport à d’autres sitesnaturels. En s’appuyant sur deux hypothèses d’affluence de visiteurs, la valeur récréative des ENS del’Hérault serait de l’ordre de 12,5 millions d’euros par an (16,5 millions US$) pour l’hypothèse basseet 25 millions d’euros par an (33 millions US$) pour l’hypothèse haute.

Published
2016
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23. Exploring direct and indirect regulation ecosystem services loss caused by linear infrastructure construction

Author

Dorothée Labarraque, Léa Tardieu, Sébastien Roussel, Egis Environnement, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), EGIS - Structures et Environment, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)

Subjects
Economic growth, environmental impact assessment, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services • Biodiversity Conservation • Bioeconomics • Industrial Ecology, 12. Responsible consumption, JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H4 - Publicly Provided Goods/H.H4.H43 - Project Evaluation • Social Discount Rate, linear infrastructure, Political science, project evaluation, Political Science and International Relations, JEL: H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H54 - Infrastructures • Other Public Investment and Capital Stock, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects, spatial assessment, ecosystem services, Humanities
Abstract

Les pertes de Services Ecosystemiques (SE) sont peu prises en compte dans les Etudes d’Impact Environnemental (EIE) concernant les projets d’infrastructures de transport. Cet article presente une tentative d’elargissement du champ des evaluations de projets d’infrastructures, en developpant un nouveau critere de choix de traces base sur l’evaluation economique de la perte de SE. En termes methodologiques, nous differencions deux types de perte de SE : la perte directe de services induite par l’artificialisation de l’ecosysteme dans l’emprise de l’infrastructure, et la perte indirecte, consideree sur une surface plus large que l’emprise lorsque l’effet de l’infrastructure sur la fourniture de service est plus etendu. Pour donner un exemple de l’apport en termes decisionnel, nous appliquons notre cadre d’analyse sur deux secteurs de l’aire d’etude d’un projet de ligne a grande vitesse en France. Nous nous interessons dans ce cadre a la provision de six SE de regulation : climat local, climat global, qualite de l’air, protection contre les inondations, soutien d’etiage et controle biologique. Nous travaillons sur differentes options de traces en debat dans le projet afin de montrer comment l’evaluation spatiale de la perte de SE et sa monetarisation peut representer un nouveau critere appuyant le choix. Nous montrons que l’evaluation des SE peut renforcer l’EIE et apporter de nouveaux arguments appuyant le choix. La difference de perte economique liee au SE, entre les options de traces etudies et sur la duree de vie de l’infrastructure, est de l’ordre de 4,8 millions d’Euros pour la premiere zone et de 1,7 millions d’Euros pour la seconde zone.

Published
2015

24. Combining direct and indirect impacts to assess ecosystem service loss due to infrastructure construction

Author

Sébastien Roussel, Dorothée Labarraque, John D. Thompson, Léa Tardieu, Jean-Michel Salles, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Egis Environnement, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)

Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Engineering, landscape connectivity, Environment, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Decision Support Techniques, Ecosystem services, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 11. Sustainability, Ecosystem, Environmental impact assessment, Baseline (configuration management), Railroads, Waste Management and Disposal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Estimation, environmental impact assessment, business.industry, Environmental resource management, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Nonlinear Dynamics, linear infrastructure, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, threshold behavior, France, business, ecosystem services, Transport infrastructure, Landscape connectivity
Abstract

International audience; The destruction of natural habitats and the associated loss of Ecosystem Services (ES) are rarely jointly assessed and quantified in Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Based on a terrestrial transport infrastructure project, the objective of this paper is to quantify the potential loss of ES associated with direct and indirect impacts, and illustrate their contribution to decision-making for route options. We first quantify how much of each type of ES is generated by different land units in the absence of the infrastructure (baseline conditions). We then estimate ES loss caused by infrastructure construction in a way that discriminates among different types of ES and losses because some ES, in addition to losses that are directly proportional to the surface impacted, can show additional indirect losses associated with landscape connectivity. In addition, we illustrate how the assessment of threshold effects in particular ecosystem types that may be most sensitive to their occurrence can affect the estimation of ES loss. We compare implementation options to provide an example of how choices can be improved by assessing ES loss associated with a combination of direct and indirect impacts. This kind of analysis could be used more generally to assess development projects simply by adapting the framework of analysis to the type of project and the ecosystems concerned.

Published
2015
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25. Assessing and mapping global climate regulation service loss induced by Terrestrial Transport Infrastructure construction

Author

Jean-Michel Salles, Sébastien Roussel, Léa Tardieu, Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Egis Environnement, Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)

Subjects
Public infrastructure, Environmental Impact Assessment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Process (engineering), Geography, Planning and Development, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, Terrestrial Transport Infrastructure, 11. Sustainability, Environmental impact assessment, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q58 - Government Policy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Service (business), Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Cost–benefit analysis, business.industry, Social cost, cost-benefit analysis, Environmental resource management, Environmental economics, Ecosystem Service, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services • Biodiversity Conservation • Bioeconomics • Industrial Ecology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, global climate regulation service, 13. Climate action, Natural capital, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to broaden the Terrestrial Transport Infrastructure (TTI) assessment process into the field of Ecosystem Services (ES), i.e., the benefits people derive from ecosystems. Taking into account ES in an ex ante assessment of public infrastructure projects is of critical importance for the improvement of transportation decision-making tools, such as Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA). For EIA, the integration of an ES based approach opens the possibility of measuring a loss in ES supply (and its economic value); this provides a means of selecting among different possible pathways for the infrastructure. For CBA, since the ES loss induced by the selected pathway is expressed in monetary terms, it can be integrated as a standard social cost in the analysis, permitting a more efficient control of natural capital loss. We illustrate these points by assessing the loss of a global climate regulation service due to the soil tillage and sealing caused by a TTI construction, using the example of a high-speed rail in Western France. We select three optional routes among the proposed routes and analyse which route has the least impact on the global climate regulation service and its economic value.

Published
2013
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26. Volet 'écosystèmes agricoles' de l’Evaluation Française des Ecosystèmes et des Services Ecosystémiques

Author

Olivier Therond, Muriel Tichit, Anaïs Tibi, Francesco Accatino, Luc Biju-Duval, Christian Bockstaller, David Bohan, Thierry Bonaudo, Maryline Boval, Eric Cahuzac, Eric Casellas, Bruno Chauvel, Philippe Choler, Julie Constantin, Isabelle Cousin, Joël Daroussin, Maia David, Philippe Delacote, Stéphane Derocles, Laetitia de Sousa, Joao Pedro Domingues, Camille Dross, Michel Duru, Maguy Eugène, Fontaine, C., Garcia B, Geijzendorffer, Ilse R., Annette Girardin, Anne-Isabelle Graux, Magali Jouven, Barbara Langlois, Christine Le Bas, Yves Le Bissonnais, Virginie Lelievre, Robert Lifran, Elise Maigne, Guillaume Martin, Märtin, R., Fabrice Martin-Laurent, Vincent Martinet, Orla Mclaughlin, Anne Meillet, Catherine Mignolet, Mouchet, M., Marie-Odile Nozieres-Petit, Ostermann, O. P., Maria Luisa Paracchini, Sylvain Pellerin, Jean-Louis Peyraud, Sandrine Petit Michaut, Calypso Picaud, Sylvain Plantureux, Thomas Poméon, Emmanuelle Porcher, Thomas Puech, Laurence Puillet, Tina Rambonilaza, Helene Raynal, Rémi Resmond, Dominique Ripoche, Francoise Ruget, Bénédicte Rulleau, Rush, A., Jean-Michel Salles, Daniel Sauvant, Céline Schott, Léa Tardieu, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires (SADAPT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Délégation à l'Expertise scientifique collective, à la Prospective et aux Etudes (UAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, AgroParisTech, Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), Observatoire des Programmes Communautaires de Développement Rural (US ODR), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Université Grenoble Alpes (COMUE) (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Economie Publique (ECO-PUB), Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (BETA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), InfoSol (InfoSol), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département Environnement et Agronomie (DEPT EA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Agroclim (AGROCLIM), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Santé et agroécologie du vignoble (UMR SAVE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Montpelliérain d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée (LAMETA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Services rendus par les écosystèmes, INRA, Commanditaire : Ministère de l'Environnement (France), Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Type de commanditaire ou d'auteur de la saisine : Ministères, parlements et les structures qui leur sont directement rattachées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité de Science du Sol (Orléans) (URSols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Auteur indépendant, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Seville] (JRC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin (ISVV)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)

Subjects
territoire, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Écosystème agricole, écosystème agricole, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], élevage, services écosystémique, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

L’ambition de l’étude Inra "EFESE-EA" est de décrire les mécanismes et déterminants de la fourniture des services écosystémiques par les écosystèmes agricoles sur la base d'une revue des connaissances existantes, et de procéder à leur évaluation à l’échelle nationale sur la base d’indicateurs définis dans le cadre de l’étude. L’organisation du travail, telle que prévue en début d’étude, se voulait séquentielle : (1) identification et spécification biophysiques d’une liste de biens agricoles et services écosystémiques ; (2) évaluation biophysique : quantification du niveau de fourniture des biens et services identifiés à l’étape (1) (3) évaluation économique : quantification de la valeur économique des services (le plus souvent dans une unité monétaire) Dans le temps imparti à l’étude, le collectif d’experts a donné la priorité aux volets biophysiques (1) et (2) afin : - d’instruire de façon robuste la conceptualisation des biens et services (volet 1) : ce travail constitue un front de recherche actuel, associé à une littérature académique abondante mais parfois non stabilisée, que le collectif d’experts s’est attaché à analyser de façon à proposer des choix de conceptualisation argumentés ; - de pousser au maximum l’exercice d’évaluation biophysique (volet 2) dans le cadre de la demande initiale formulée par le MEEM : cartographier la production d’un large panel de biens agricoles et les SE rendus par les écosystèmes agricoles à la résolution spatiale la plus fine possible, et à l’échelle France entière. A noter que le présent exercice ne constituant pas un projet de recherche mais bien une étude institutionnelle Inra (au sens des procédures DEPE), l’ensemble des évaluations développées dans le présent rapport est réalisée à partir de données existantes, aucun travail d’expérimentation visant à acquérir de nouvelles données de terrain n’ayant été conduit. Il résulte de ce choix de priorisation que : - le volet d’évaluation économique (3) est initié pour quelques SE mais peu développé en comparaison des volets (1) et (2) ; - tout en veillant à élaborer des méthodologies d’évaluation biophysiques traçables et robustes, les experts ont pris le parti de proposer des méthodologies plus exploratoires pour quelques SE pour lesquels les données actuelles ne permettent pas d’évaluer directement le niveau de fourniture à l’échelle France entière : dans ces cas particuliers (signalés explicitement dans les sections du rapport dont ils font l’objet), les méthodologies ont été mises en œuvre jusqu’à la réalisation des cartographies dans le but de donner à voir le potentiel qu’offrent ces méthodologies et la nature des résultats qu’elles peuvent produire sous condition de leur validation France entière, plutôt que dans le but d’interpréter pour eux-mêmes les résultats obtenus. Les experts se sont alors particulièrement attachés à relativiser les résultats quantitatifs ainsi produits, et à accompagner les cartographies d’un descriptif détaillé des protocoles de validation qu’il faudrait mettre en œuvre dans les suites de l’étude pour stabiliser et valider ces méthodologies exploratoires. Ce parti pris du groupe de travail EFESE-écosystèmes agricoles est compatible avec l’objectif poursuivi dans le programme EFESE, qui se donne pour objectif de produire un guide méthodologique pour l’évaluation des biens et SE en en pointant les limites, difficultés, précautions et améliorations possibles associées à chacune des pistes avancées.

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