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Geriatric population got prominently affected by COVID-19 pandemic in global context. Compromised immunity, comorbidities, and psychosocial factors have contributed to the physical and mental health of the elderly. The aim of this study was to analyze published literature globally by medical fraternity in the field of geriatric mental health during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. Bibliometric information on literature regarding said topic using specific keywords was searched and collected from the Scopus database. VOSviewer (1.6.18) was applied to conduct bibliometric analysis (BA) and visualization. The study highlighted the most significant journals, authors, co-cited authors, institutions, keywords co-occurrence, and most contributed countries in the area of Geriatric Mental Health research during COVID-19 on the basis of BA of studies taken from the database of Scopus for the past 3 years (2020–first quarter of 2023). To give researchers, decision-makers, and stakeholders a comprehensive view of the field of geriatric mental health-related research at COVID-19, this study employed bibliometric and scientific mapping approaches. Publications on the topic displayed a great deal of support from developed nations, especially the United States, which also produced a lot of publications of high quality.

India, a country with manifold multicultural bonds and relationships often witnesses a gross number of conflicted marital relationships. The plight in the frequency of marital abuse reporting in India has called gross public health attention globally. Multiple factors contribute to this arena in which, when we analyse can find out females submissiveness to report and or react to such kind of abusive incidences. The objective of this article is to review recent literature on female submissiveness in marital abuse. This narrative review is carried out to depict various perspectives that initiate abusive relationships and certain factors that prevent women from being subjected to rapid response. Literature relevant to the topic which was published within twenty years in prominent journals, newspapers, and websites has been reviewed thoroughly while writing this paper. Keywords for literature search included terms such as domestic violence, intimate partner violence/abuse, spouse abuse, married woman/female submissiveness, abusive marital relationships, and marital abuse. There is a paucity of studies analysing psychological and socio-demographic determinants of this submissiveness within such relationships in India. Several factors such as cultural, psycho-social, environmental attributes may prompt submissiveness among females in abusive marital relationships, which often leads to psychopathology and physical ailments. It is important to understand the need for a multidisciplinary approach to preventing marital abuse as a public health issue. By preventing and modulating such factors public health and women's well-being can be preserved in various domains.

Background and Objectives: Globally, suicide is a pertinent public health crisis that affects almost all nations cross-culturally. Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in many countries, even before the COVID-19 pandemic hit worldwide. India, a nation developing rapidly, is also not free from the leashes of suicide deaths. COVID-19 augmented the rate of suicide due to multifaceted determinants. Adequate empirical evidence about data on suicide is also scarce. Materials and Methods: This review synthesizes determinants, available demographic correlates, and reported rates of suicide published in the Indian context. The authors conducted a thorough literature search to find published English free full-text scientific articles related to suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian context. Databases relied on for literature were PubMed, Google scholar, and PLOS one databases using comprehensive search strategies to avail the maximum number of studies. Results: Ten out of 76 studies available in the initial search were analyzed thoroughly for ruling out determinants, rates, and sociodemographic correlates of suicide. Fear of COVID-19 infection, financial crisis, mental breakdown, and job loss are cardinal reasons attributed for suicide, and male suicides are more prevalent in this arena. Interpretation and Conclusions: Findings portray factors such as fear of COVID-19 diagnosis, apprehension to become infected, financial crisis, loss of job, and isolation are some of the significant determinants quoted out. The study points out the need for multifaceted policies in preventing this public health crisis.

Objective: To compare intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, blood loss, renal function, and duration of surgery with and without temporary portocaval shunt (TPCS) in live donor liver transplantation (LT) recipients. Secondary objectives were postoperative early graft dysfunction, morbidity, mortality, total intensive care unit, and hospital stay. Background: Blood loss during recipient hepatectomy for LT remains a major concern. Routine use of TPCS during LT is not yet elucidated. Methods: This study is a single-center, open-label, randomized control trial. The sample size was calculated based on intraoperative blood loss. After exclusion, a total of 60 patients, 30 in each arm (TPCS vs no TPCS) were recruited in the trial. Results: The baseline recipient and donor characteristics were comparable between the groups. The median intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.004) and blood product transfusions (P < 0.05) were significantly less in the TPCS group. The TPCS group had significantly improved intraoperative hemodynamics in the anhepatic phase as compared with the no TPCS group (P < 0.0001), requiring significantly less vasopressor support. This led to significantly better renal function as evidenced by higher intraoperative urine output in the TPCS group (P = 0.002). Because of technical simplicity, the TPCS group had significantly fewer inferior vena cava injuries (3.3 vs 26.7%, P = 0.026) and substantially shorter hepatectomy time and total duration of surgery (529.4 ± 35.54 vs 606.83 ± 48.13 min, P < 0.0001). The time taken for normalization of lactate in the immediate postoperative period was significantly shorter in the TPCS group (median, 6 vs 13 h; P = 0.04). Although postoperative endotoxemia, major morbidity, 90-day mortality, total intensive care unit, and hospital stay were comparable between both groups, tolerance to enteral feed was earlier in the TPCS group. Conclusions: In live donor LT, TPCS is a simple and effective technique that provides superior intraoperative hemodynamics and reduces blood loss and duration of surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impaired mother-infant bonding (MIB) is associated with inadequate maternal skills and pose a higher risk for impaired learning, child abuse, and psychiatric disorders in children. There are approximately 24 million births annually in India; however, community data on MIB from India is lacking. The study reports the findings of a cross-sectional survey of 8189 mothers with children of age between 13 and 15 months from the state of Kerala, India. Bonding was assessed using the Mother–infant bonding scale (MIBS). Other correlates assessed include obstetric and birth history, chronic pain, postpartum depression and temperamental issues in the infant. The prevalence of impaired MIB in our sample was 12.3%. Those in extended/joint family, experiencing postpartum complications, supplementary breastfeeding in the first 6 months, postpartum depression and temperamental issues in infant were found to be associated with increased MIBS scores in a multivariate mixed-effect zero-inflated poisson model. Experience of impaired MIB is not uncommon among mothers in India. More needs to be done to explore these issues, especially among those with higher risk to ensure appropriate interventions to mitigate long-term consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To study the prevalence of chronic perinatal pain among mothers who had infants between the ages of 13–25 months in the State of Kerala, India and to report its correlates in the socio-demographic, obstetric and psychological domains. Methods: A total of 9305 mothers selected by cluster random sampling were assessed cross-sectionally for chronic perinatal pain using a questionnaire by Junior Public Health Nurses (JPHNs). In addition, information regarding socio-demographic profile, obstetric history, infant details and perinatal depression were collected. Results: Of the 8302 (89.3%) valid responses, 552 (6.6%) mothers reported chronic perinatal pain. Among those with pain, 142 (25.6%) reported pain during pregnancy, 314 (56.7%) during postpartum and 96 (17.7%) during both periods. The commonest sites of pain reported were back 280 (51%) and pelvic region 110 (19%). Mothers with chronic perinatal pain were more likely to be younger, less educated, employed and from an urban background. Chronic perinatal pain was associated with obstetric complications, delivery by instrumental/caesarean section, non-exclusive breast feeding and higher maternal depression scores. Conclusion: Chronic pain is common among mothers in India during the perinatal period and greater attention needs to be given for it to be recognised and treated early.

Aim: To assess the role of red cell distribution width as a marker to predict tumor burden in gallbladder cancer (GBC). Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight patients with newly diagnosed GBC were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were obtained, and red cell distribution width (RDW) was assessed. Tumor markers and other biochemical parameters were also recorded. Statistical Analysis: Quantitative variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range based on the normality of the distribution. The association of RDW with stage of tumor was analyzed using Chi-square test. All statistical tests were interpreted for significance using a cutoff value of P < 0.05. Results: RDW showed a positive correlation with total bilirubin, total leukocyte count, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.002), but not with platelet count (P < 0.643). RDW showed a significant correlation with tumor markers CA 19-9 (P < 0.003), carcinoembryonic antigen (P < 0.003), and CA 125 (P < 0.002). In Stage IVB, there were significantly more patients with high RDW (78%) than normal RDW (21.8%). However, the results were not statistically significant (P < 0.073). Conclusion: In the present study, we have utilized RDW for correlation with tumor markers in carcinoma gallbladder and as a predictor of stage. We demonstrated higher levels of RDW with advanced stages of GBC. Overall, the study suggested that RDW may be utilized as a surrogate biomarker to predict tumor burden and disease in patients with GBC.

The Pepper leaves extract acts as a reducing and capping agent in the formation of silver nanoparticles. A UV–Vis spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver nanoparticles demonstrated a peak at 458 nm corresponding to the plasmon absorbance of rapidly synthesized silver nanoparticles that was characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The morphology and size of the benign silver nanoparticles were carried out by the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The sizes of the synthesized silver nanoparticles were found to be in the range of 5–60 nm. The structural characteristics of biomolecules hosted silver nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction. The chemical composition of elements present in the solution was determined by energy dispersive spectrum. The FTIR analysis of the nanoparticles indicated the presence of proteins, which may be acting as capping agents around the nanoparticles. This study reports that synthesis is useful to avoid toxic chemicals with adverse effects in medical applications rather than physical and chemical methods.

INTRODUCTION: The use of social media to disseminate major communications, particularly for campaigns related to days of health importance, is becoming much popular. The use of Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook is gaining an integral place in public life online with hashtag campaigns. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the characteristics of hashtag campaigns related to health in social media and to compare three different campaigns in three commonly used social media platforms, namely, Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study which analyzed contents of three health-related campaigns in Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. The campaigns were #let's talk (World Health day 2017), Hands up #HIV prevention (World AIDS day 2016), and #No tobacco (World No Tobacco Day 2017). Public posts related to each were searched from three platforms and assessed separately. Source, publicity, credibility, reach outs, and other characteristics were assessed among each campaign and comparison was also done among the three social media. RESULTS: Out of 812 posts, 507 (62.4%) were related to the study. Facebook posts were more related (67.33%), popular (45.05%), and authenticated (28.22%). Among the campaigns, # let's talk was more credible (96.33%) and authenticated (33.94%). Also in that, 57.79% from individual source and 79.82% were awareness related. CONCLUSION: Posts in social media related to hashtag campaigns are more credible, related, and less popular. These factors have to be considered for the campaigns to become an effective tool.

Background and Objectives: Globally, suicide is a pertinent public health crisis that affects almost all nations cross‑culturally. Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in many countries, even before the COVID-19 pandemic hit worldwide. India, a nation developing rapidly, is also not free from the leashes of suicide deaths. COVID-19 augmented the rate of suicide due to multifaceted determinants. Adequate empirical evidence about data on suicide is also scarce. Materials and Methods: This review synthesizes determinants, available demographic correlates, and reported rates of suicide published in the Indian context. The authors conducted a thorough literature search to find published English free full‑text scientific articles related to suicide during the COVID‑19 pandemic in the Indian context. Databases relied on for literature were PubMed, Google scholar, and PLOS one databases using comprehensive search strategies to avail the maximum number of studies. Results: Ten out of 76 studies available in the initial search were analyzed thoroughly for ruling out determinants, rates, and sociodemographic correlates of suicide. Fear of COVID‑19 infection, financial crisis, mental breakdown, and job loss are cardinal reasons attributed for suicide, and male suicides are more prevalent in this arena. Interpretation and Conclusions: Findings portray factors such as fear of COVID-19 diagnosis, apprehension to become infected, financial crisis, loss of job, and isolation are some of the significant determinants quoted out. The study points out the need for multifaceted policies in preventing this public health crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The time of examination is a stressful period for students. However, an optimum level of stress can help in motivating the students, this stress can be from test anxiety which arises from stimuli of being tested or judged academically. Nursing students experience a higher level of exam anxiety comparing to students from other disciplines. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of exam anxiety perceived by nursing students in selected setting. Along with exam anxiety; this research explored factors influencing exam preparation among nursing students. Material and Methods: A mixed-method research study was conducted to assess test anxiety and to explore factors influencing their exam preparations. Total enumeration sampling technique was used to recruit 272 BSc nursing students from a nursing college attached to a tertiary care hospital in South India. Data were collected using a sociodemographic pro forma, a test anxiety scale to assess test anxiety, and a focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted using an FGD guide to explore factors influencing exam preparations of nursing students. Demographic data and test anxiety scores were analyzed using frequency and percentage. Qualitative data recorded were transcribed and identified repeated concepts, then coding was done to develop themes. Results: The study revealed that more than half of subjects 53.3% (145) having high exam anxiety, followed by 39.7% (108) subjects who had medium exam anxiety and 7.0% (19) had low exam anxiety. On comparison of mean test anxiety scores, the mean test anxiety score of first-year BSc nursing students (21.88 ± 5.384) remained higher than the second year (20.06 ± 4.403), third-year (19.17 ± 4.529), and fourth-year (20.84 ± 4.857) nursing. From FGD, three themes emerged as nursing students described their experiences and feelings toward factors influencing exam preparation. (1) Materialistic and environmental factors for exam preparation. (2) Motivational determinants that promote exam preparation. (3) Perceived barriers or distractions in preparing for an exam. Conclusion: This study concludes that faculty who are in close association with students can improve student outcomes by early identification of test anxiety, intervening if necessary, and sometimes by referring to a psychiatrist for ruling out further mental health issues that may arise from exam anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]