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A Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated THG-SD5.5T, was isolated from a soil sample collected in a tangerine field, Republic of Korea. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, the isolate was identified as a member of the genus Chitinophaga and to be closely related to Chitinophaga ginsengihumi KACC 17604T (97.9%) and Chitinophaga rupis KACC 14521T (97.5%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with other species of the genus Chitinophaga were in the range 92.8–95.5%. Catalase test was positive. Oxidase test was negative. The DNA G + C content was determined to be 46.1 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain THG-SD5.5T and C. ginsengihumi KACC 17604T and C. rupis KACC 14521T were 45.1% and 15.6%, respectively. Strain THG-SD5.5T was also found to be able to grow at 24–33 °C, at 0–5% NaCl and at pH 5.5–9.0. The major fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, anteiso-C17:0 and C18:0. The dominant respiratory quinone was identified as menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and three unidentified lipids. Based on these phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characterisations, strain THG-SD5.5T (= KACC 19338T = CGMCC 1.16304T) is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Chitinophaga, for which the name Chitinophaga aurantiaca sp. nov. is proposed.

A Gram-stain-positive, pink-pigmented, coccus-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-motile bacterium, strain THG-AG1.5T, was isolated from rhizosphere of Hibiscus syriacus L. (Mugunghwa flower) located in Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea. The isolated strain grew optimally at 25–30 °C, at pH 6.0–7.5 and in the presence of additional 0–1.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain THG-AG1.5T exhibited tolerance to UV radiation (>1500 J m−2) and to gamma radiation (>12 kGy). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain THG-AG1.5T was closely related to Deinococcus daejeonensis MJ27T (98.03 %), Deinococcus radiotolerans C1T (97.61 %) and Deinococcus grandis DSM 3963T (97.32 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain THG-AG1.5T was 74.8 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THG-AG1.5T and its closest phylogenetically neighbours were below 63.0 %. The peptidoglycan amino acids were alanine, valine, glutamic acid, glycine, ornithine, lysine and aspartic acid. Strain THG-AG1.5T contained ribose, mannose and glucose as whole-cell-wall sugars and menaquinone-8 (MK-8) as the only isoprenoid quinone. The major component in the polyamine pattern was spermidine. The major polar lipids of strain THG-AG1.5T were a phosphoglycolipid, six unidentified glycolipids and an unidentified aminophospholipid. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, C17 : 0, C18 : 0 and summed feature 3. On the basis of our polyphasic taxonomy study, strain THG-AG1.5T represents a novel species within the genus Deinococcus , for which the name Deinococcus hibisci sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-AG1.5T (=KACC 18850T=CCTCC AB 2016078T).

A Gram-negative, yellow-colored, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, motile bacterium was isolated from forest soil in Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. The strain was designated as THG-DA2.1T. Cells of strain THG-DA2.1T grew optimally at pH 7.0, at temperature 28 °C and in the presence of 0.5 % NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain THG-DA2.1T was shown to belong to the genus Pedobacter and shares highest sequence similarity with Pedobacter ginsengisoli KCTC 12576T. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 42.3 mol %. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was identified as menaquinone MK-7. The major cellular fatty acids of strain THG-DA2.1T were iso-C15:0 and C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c (summed feature 3*). Strain THG-DA2.1T contains phosphatidylethanolamine as major polar lipid, but an unidentified aminolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified lipids were also detected. On the basis of the data obtained from polyphasic taxonomy in this study, strain THG-DA2.1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the name Pedobacter edaphicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-DA2.1T (=KCTC 42232T =JCM 30351T).

An ivory white, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore forming, Gram-staining-negative, and aerobic bacterium designated THG-G118T, was isolated from a soil sample collected in a bamboo plantation in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed a clear affiliation of strain THG-G118T with the genus Pedobacter. Strain THG-G118T was found to show the closest phylogenetic relationship with Pedobacter metabolipauper WB2.3-71T with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.3 %. The major cellular fatty acids of strain THG-G118T were identified as C16:0, C18:0, iso-C15:0 and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), and the predominant menaquinone as menaquinone MK-7. The major polar lipids were found to be phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), unidentified phospholipid and unidentified aminophospholipids. Strain THG-G118T was found to contain ceramide phosphorylethanolamine 2 (CerPE-2) and dihydrosphingosine as the major ceramide. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was found to be 41.7 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (