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5. RADAR: A Novel Fast-Screening Method for Reading Difficulties with Special Focus on Dyslexia

Author

Smyrnakis, Ioannis, Andreadakis, Vassilios, Selimis, Vassilios, Kalaitzakis, Michail, Bachourou, Theodora, Kaloutsakis, Georgios, Kymionis, George D., Smirnakis, Stelios, and Aslanides, Ioannis M.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

Dyslexia is a developmental learning disorder of single word reading accuracy and/or fluency, with compelling research directed towards understanding the contributions of the visual system. While dyslexia is not an oculomotor disease, readers with dyslexia have shown different eye movements than typically developing students during text reading. Readers with dyslexia exhibit longer and more frequent fixations, shorter saccade lengths, more backward refixations than typical readers. Furthermore, readers with dyslexia are known to have difficulty in reading long words, lower skipping rate of short words, and high gaze duration on many words. It is an open question whether it is possible to harness these distinctive oculomotor scanning patterns observed during reading in order to develop a screening tool that can reliably identify struggling readers, who may be candidates for dyslexia. Here, we introduce a novel, fast, objective, non-invasive method, named Rapid Assessment of Difficulties and Abnormalities in Reading (RADAR) that screens for features associated with the aberrant visual scanning of reading text seen in dyslexia. Eye tracking parameter measurements that are stable under retest and have high discriminative power, as indicated by their ROC curves, were obtained during silent text reading. These parameters were combined to derive a total reading score (TRS) that can reliably separate readers with dyslexia from typical readers. We tested TRS in a group of school-age children ranging from 8.5 to 12.5 years of age. TRS achieved 94.2% correct classification of children tested. Specifically, 35 out of 37 control (specificity 94.6%) and 30 out of 32 readers with dyslexia (sensitivity 93.8%) were classified correctly using RADAR, under a circular validation condition where the individual evaluated was not included in the test construction group.

Published
2016
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6. Endothelin-1 Plasma and Aqueous Humor Levels in Different Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Lampsas, Stamatios, Kandarakis, Stylianos A., Vakalopoulos, Dionysios G., Lampsa, Aikaterini, Oikonomou, Evangelos, Siasos, Gerasimos, and Kymionis, George D.

Subjects
AQUEOUS humor, GLAUCOMA, ANGLE-closure glaucoma, PREPROENDOTHELIN, OPEN-angle glaucoma
Abstract

Background and Objectives: Several studies suggest the complex relationship between Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels with various types of glaucoma. This systematic review and meta-analysis explore ET-1 levels in plasma and aqueous humor among different types of glaucoma. Materials and Methods: A literature search (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library) was made up to April 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023430471). The results were synthesized according to PRISMA Guidelines. Results were presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 2597 subjects (1513 patients with glaucoma vs. 1084 healthy controls) from 23 studies were included in a meta-analysis. Notably, patients with glaucoma reported significantly higher plasma levels of ET-1 compared to controls (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.59–1.82, p < 0.001). Particularly, plasma ET-1 levels were higher in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (SMD: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.09–1.65, p < 0.05), normal-tension glaucoma (SMD: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.27–1.46, p = 0.05), and angle-closure glaucoma patients (SMD: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.43–1.63, p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. Moreover, ET-1 aqueous humor levels were significantly higher in patients with glaucoma compared to controls (SMD: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.04–2.15, p < 0.001). In particular, aqueous humor levels were higher in POAG patients (SMD: 2.03 95% CI: 1.00–3.14, p < 0.001), and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma patients (SMD: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.00–3.07, p < 0.001) compared to controls. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that elevated levels of ET-1 plasma and aqueous humor are significantly associated with different types of glaucoma. The pathogenesis of ET-1-related mechanisms may vary across different glaucoma types, indicating that possible therapeutic approaches targeting ET-1 pathways should be tailored to each specific glaucoma type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Contributors

Author

Anadón, Arturo, primary, Anantharam, Vellareddy, additional, Archibong, Anthony E., additional, Ares, Irma, additional, Aulbach, Adam D., additional, Awasthee, Nikee, additional, Banerjee, Aryamitra, additional, Banks, Leah D., additional, Barile, Frank A., additional, Beedanagari, Sudheer R., additional, Belantis, Charalampos, additional, Bergamaschi, Enrico, additional, Bhandari, Sadikshya, additional, Bhatia, Sneha P., additional, Bischoff, Karyn, additional, Borts, David J., additional, Brehm, Emily, additional, Chandra Gupta, Subash, additional, Chatterjee, Saurabh, additional, Chiang, Catheryne, additional, Chintalapati, Anirudh J., additional, Cohn, P., additional, Coppock, Robert W., additional, Costa, Lucio G., additional, Damodaran, Tirupapuliyur V., additional, D'Souza, Clinton, additional, Dettbarn, Wolf-D., additional, Devlin, Amy A., additional, Doss, Robin B., additional, Dwivedi, Shiwangi, additional, Dziwenka, Margitta M., additional, Estévez, Jorge, additional, Fabricant, Daniel S., additional, Fan, A.M., additional, Fitsanakis, Vanessa A., additional, Flaskos, John, additional, Flaws, Jodi A., additional, Flora, Swaran J.S., additional, Ford, Sue M., additional, Fortin, Jessica S., additional, Fragou, Domniki, additional, Gad, Shayne C., additional, Galateanu, Bianca, additional, Gardner, Dale R., additional, Georgiadis, George, additional, Gil, Fernando, additional, Goel, Saryu, additional, Gulumian, Mary, additional, Gupta, P.K., additional, Gupta, Ramesh C., additional, Gupta, Rekha K., additional, Gwaltney-Brant, Sharon, additional, Hargreaves, Alan J., additional, Harris, Kelly L., additional, Harris, Kenneth J., additional, Hatfield, Holly E., additional, Hayes, Wallace A., additional, Heretis, Ioannis, additional, Hernández, Antonio F., additional, Hilmas, Corey J., additional, Hood, Darryl B., additional, Huuskonen, Pasi, additional, Jacobson, Stewart B., additional, James-Yi, Sandra A., additional, Jin, Huajun, additional, Kanno, Jun, additional, Kanthasamy, Arthi, additional, Kanthasamy, Anumantha G., additional, Kaore, Shilpa N., additional, Kaore, Navinchandra M., additional, Kaphalia, Bhupendra S., additional, Karttunen, Vesa, additional, Kaur, Gurjot, additional, Kaur, Ravneet, additional, Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S., additional, Kodavanti, Urmila P., additional, Kontadakis, George A., additional, Krishna, Gopala, additional, Krishna, Priya A., additional, Krishna, Kavya A., additional, Kummu, Maria, additional, Kymionis, George D., additional, Lall, Rajiv, additional, Lin, P., additional, Loganathan, Bommanna G., additional, Loikkanen, Jarkko, additional, Lotti, Marcello, additional, Lynes, Michael A., additional, Mahadevan, Brinda, additional, Malik, Jitendra K., additional, Mamoulakis, Charalampos, additional, Mantey, Jane A., additional, Martínez-Larrañaga, María Rosa, additional, Martínez, María Aránzazu, additional, Mavridis, Charalampos, additional, McClellan, Roger O., additional, Meador, Vincent P., additional, Mikkelsen, Lars Friis, additional, Milatovic, Dejan, additional, Miller Mukherjee, Ida R., additional, Mukherjee, Anupama, additional, Multani, Pushpinder Kaur, additional, Myllynen, Päivi, additional, Myöhänen, Kirsi, additional, Negga, Rekek, additional, Negrei, Carolina, additional, Novilla, Meliton N., additional, Padilla, Stephanie, additional, Palmeira, Carlos M., additional, Panter, Kip E., additional, Pasanen, Markku, additional, Patrick, Daniel J., additional, Pavanello, Sofia, additional, Pedersen, Henrik Duelund, additional, Pelkonen, Olavi, additional, Pellizzon, Michael A., additional, Pitt, Jason, additional, Plaka, Argyro, additional, Ramesh, Aramandla, additional, Rattan, Saniya, additional, Repo, Jenni, additional, Ricci, Matthew R., additional, Rolo, Anabela P., additional, Sachana, Magdalini, additional, Sahlman, Heidi, additional, Saini, Nitin, additional, Saini, Vandana, additional, Savolainen, Kai, additional, Seth, Ratanesh Kumar, additional, Sharma, Abha, additional, Sharma, Anurag, additional, Sieppi, Elina, additional, Silva, Rui, additional, Sinha, Anita, additional, Skamagkas, Iordanis, additional, Snow, Samantha J., additional, Sogorb, Miguel A., additional, Srivastava, Ajay, additional, Stice, Szabina A., additional, Storvik, Markus, additional, Szabo, David T., additional, Teodoro, João S., additional, Tsatsakis, Aristidis M., additional, Tsiaoussis, John, additional, Vähäkangas, Kirsi, additional, Verma, Sumit Singh, additional, Vilanova, Eugenio, additional, Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V., additional, Warner, Genoa R., additional, Welch, Kevin D., additional, Wilson-Frank, Christina, additional, You, S.H., additional, Zaja-Milatovic, Snjezana, additional, Zisis, Ioannis E., additional, and Zoltani, Csaba K., additional

Published
2019
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19. Three-Year Results of Simultaneous Transepithelial Phototherapeutic Keratectomy and Conventional Photorefractive Keratectomy (Cretan Protocol Plus) Followed by Corneal Crosslinking for Keratoconus

Author

Grentzelos, Michael A., primary, Liakopoulos, Dimitrios A., additional, Kankariya, Vardhaman P., additional, Siganos, Charalambos S., additional, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis K., additional, Pallikaris, Ioannis G., additional, and Kymionis, George D., additional

Published
2022
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28. Autoimmune Cardiac Diseases

Author

Konstadoulakis, Manousos M., Kymionis, George D., Toutouza, Marina G., Leandros, Emanuel, Gorlin, Richard, Dangas, George, Toutouzas, Pavlos K., and Konstadoulakis, M. M.

Published
1999
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30. 'Corneal Plication' for the Management of Progressive Corneal Graft Protrusion in Patients With Keratoconus: a New Technique

Author

Petrelli, Myrsini Savopol, Helene Blavakis, Emmanouil and Petrou, Petros Droutsas, Konstantinos Kymionis, George D.

Subjects
genetic structures, sense organs, eye diseases
Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a new surgical technique, namely corneal plication, for the management of high astigmatism and progressive corneal graft protrusion after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) for keratoconus. Methods: New surgical approach description. Results: A 61-year-old woman with a history of bilateral keratoconus was referred to our institute for the management of progressive corneal graft protrusion in her left eye 25 years after PKP. On presentation, the uncorrected distance visual acuity in the involved eye was counting fingers, whereas slit-lamp examination revealed a clear graft with a crescentic area of thinning in the inferior host cornea, extending from 4 to 9 o’clock that resulted in significant graft protrusion and astigmatism. We proceeded with a novel surgical approach that included “folding” and suturing the thinned, diseased corneal tissue and thus creating a form of corneal plication. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed, and uncorrected distance visual acuity was 0.32 6 months after the operation. Conclusions: Corneal graft plication may represent a realistic alternative to more invasive procedures, currently used for the management of this long-term post-PKP complication in patients with keratoconus because it is a nonperforating technique that seems to provide satisfactory anatomical and visual outcomes without the need for any tissue excision or regrafting.

Published
2022

45. List of Contributors

Author

Aliberti, Angela, primary, Allard, Patrick, additional, Anadón, Arturo, additional, Anantharam, Vellareddy, additional, Archibong, Anthony E., additional, Aulbach, Adam D., additional, Banerjee, Aryamitra, additional, Banks, Leah D., additional, Barile, Frank A., additional, Beedanagari, Sudheer R., additional, Bergamaschi, Enrico, additional, Bhatia, Sneha P., additional, Bischoff, Karyn, additional, Castellano, Víctor, additional, Chang, Daniel T., additional, Chen, James J., additional, Citrin, Deborah, additional, Conolly, Rory, additional, Coppock, R.W., additional, Costa, Lucio G., additional, Damodaran, T.V., additional, Daniels, Kellye K., additional, Dary, Curtis C., additional, Doss, Robin B., additional, Duarte, Filipe V., additional, Dziwenka, Margitta M., additional, Edwards, Stephen, additional, Estévez, Jorge, additional, Fabricant, Daniel S., additional, Fan, Anna M., additional, Faqi, Ali, additional, Fenton, Suzanne E., additional, Fitsanakis, Vanessa A, additional, Flaskos, John, additional, Flora, Swaran J.S., additional, Ford, Sue M., additional, Fragou, Domniki, additional, Gad, Shayne C., additional, Ganderup, Niels-Christian, additional, Gardner, Dale R., additional, Gehring, Ronette, additional, Gil, Fernando, additional, Goel, Saryu, additional, Goldsmith, Michael-Rock, additional, Grulke, Christopher M., additional, Gulumian, Mary, additional, Gupta, P.K., additional, Gupta, Ramesh C., additional, Gwaltney-Brant, Sharon, additional, Hargreaves, Alan J, additional, Harris, Kelly L., additional, Hatfield, Holly E., additional, Heck, Diane E., additional, Hernández, Antonio F., additional, Hilmas, Corey J., additional, Hondroulis, Evangelia, additional, Hood, Darryl B., additional, Hudak, Kathryn, additional, Huuskonen, Pasi, additional, Jacobson, Stewart B., additional, Jin, Huajun, additional, Joseph, Laurie B., additional, Kanno, Jun, additional, Kanthasamy, Anumantha G., additional, Kanthasamy, Arthi, additional, Kaore, Navinchandra M., additional, Kaore, Shilpa N., additional, Kaphalia, Bhupendra S., additional, Karttunen, Vesa, additional, Kaufman, Greer E., additional, Kaur, Ravneet, additional, Kim, Hong Duck, additional, Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S., additional, Kodavanti, Urmila P., additional, Kontadakis, George A., additional, Krajcsi, Péter, additional, Krishna, Gopala, additional, Krishna, Kavya A., additional, Kummu, Maria, additional, Kymionis, George D., additional, Lasher, Michelle A., additional, Li, Chen-zhong, additional, Lin, Wei-Jiun, additional, Loganathan, Bommanna G., additional, Loikkanen, Jarkko, additional, Lokshin, Anna E., additional, Lotti, Marcello, additional, Lu, Tzu-Pin, additional, Lu, Yi, additional, Madu, Chikezie, additional, Magnan, Rémi, additional, Mahadevan, Brinda, additional, Mantey, Jane A., additional, Martínez-Larrañaga, María Rosa, additional, Meador, Vincent P., additional, Milatovic, Dejan, additional, Multani, Pushpinder K., additional, Myllynen, Päivi, additional, Myöhänen, Kirsi, additional, Negga, Rekek, additional, Nelson, Jairo, additional, Nolen, Brian M., additional, Novilla, Meliton N., additional, Padilla, Stephanie, additional, Palmeira, Carlos M., additional, Panter, Kip E., additional, Pasanen, Markku, additional, Patrick, Daniel J., additional, Pavanello, Sofia, additional, Pelkonen, Olavi, additional, Pellacani, Claudia, additional, Pellizzon, Michael A., additional, Penman, Andrew D., additional, Phillips, Martin, additional, Pitt, Jason, additional, Plaka, Argyro, additional, Ramesh, Aramandla, additional, Ray, Kausik, additional, Reed, Casey E., additional, Repo, Jenni, additional, Ricci, Matthew R., additional, Rolo, Anabela P., additional, Sachana, Magdalini, additional, Sahlman, Heidi, additional, Saini, Nitin, additional, Salminen, William F., additional, Savolainen, Kai, additional, Schnackenberg, Laura K., additional, Selvam, D.T., additional, Sharma, Praveen, additional, Shi, Qiang, additional, Sieppi, Elina, additional, Sobus, Jon, additional, Sogorb, Miguel A., additional, Stick, Melissa, additional, Storvik, Markus, additional, Szabo, David T., additional, Tan, Yu-Mei, additional, Teodoro, João S., additional, Tornero-Velez, Rogelio, additional, Toth, Beáta, additional, Tsatsakis, Aristides M., additional, Vähäkangas, Kirsi, additional, van der Merwe, Deon, additional, Varela, Ana T., additional, Vilanova, Eugenio, additional, Vulimiri, Suryanarayana V., additional, Welch, Kevin D., additional, Yang, Xi, additional, Zaja-Milatovic, Snjezana, additional, and Zoltani, Csaba K., additional

Published
2014
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