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Objective: The vertical one-handed chest compression (OHCC) technique has demonstrated superior compression power and chest compression depth (CCD) compared to conventional OHCC. This study aimed to determine if a rescuer's handedness influences the CCD during the vertical OHCC., Methods: This prospective randomized crossover simulation trial included 59 medical doctors. Each performed a 2-min single-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a pediatric manikin using the vertical OHCC, once with the dominant hand (Test 1) and once with the non-dominant hand (Test 2). CPR parameters were recorded in real-time via sensors in the manikin, and the compression force exerted by each hand was measured using a force plate., Results: The mean and adequate CCD did not differ significantly between Test 1 and 2 (mean depth: 52 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 49-57) in Test 1 vs. 52 mm (IQR: 49-57) in Test 2, P = 0.625; adequate depth: 97% (IQR: 37-100) in Test 1 vs. 92% (IQR: 51-99) in Test 2, P = 0.619). The mean compression force was significantly greater in the dominant hand compared to the non-dominant hand (23.1 kg ± 4.9 in dominant hand vs. 21.7 kg ± 4.1 in non-dominant hand, P < 0.001). Other parameters showed no significant differences between Tests 1 and 2., Conclusions: While vertical OHCC with a dominant hand generated greater force, the rescuer's handedness did not affect the CCD during the vertical OHCC., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: There are few studies have conducted digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in addition to digital mammography (2DDM) and ultrasound (US) for screening. The purpose of this study is to determine the possibility of synergistic effects of DBT and US screening for Japanese., Methods: 5023 examinations of the opportunistic screening using 2DDM and US (2D group: 2581) or 2DDM and US plus DBT (3 group: 2442) were performed at our facility from May 1, 2017 to March 31, 2019. This study was not RCT, and the backgrounds of the two groups were different., Results: The recall rate was 3.1% in the 2D group and 2.6% for the 3D group (p = 0.27). The number of detected cancer cases was 6 (0.23%) in the 2D group and 12 (0.49%) in the 3D group (p = 0.16). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 7.4% for the 2D group and 19.0% for the 3D group (p = 0.045). There was one invasive ductal carcinoma case which had no findings in 2DDM and US, but had a slight distortion in the images of DBT., Conclusion: We examined and reported whether DBT was useful for breast cancer screening combined with mammography and US. Compared to the 2D group, the 3D group showed better results of PPV with significant difference. However, due to the non-randomized design and difference between the two groups, the results should be interpreted in caution. Adding DBT in 2DDM and US screening would be acceptable only if the benefits and disadvantages are explained to the women undergoing the screening., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Breast Cancer Society.)

Driven by recent improvements in efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), upscaling of PSCs has come to be regarded as the next step. Specifically, a high-throughput, low-cost roll-to-roll (R2R) processes would be a breakthrough to realize the commercialization of PSCs, with uniform formation of precursor wet film and complete conversion to perovskite phase via R2R-compatible processes necessary to accomplish this goal. Herein, we demonstrate the pilot-scale, fully R2R manufacturing of all the layers except for electrodes in PSCs. Tert-butyl alcohol (tBuOH) is introduced as an eco-friendly antisolvent with a wide processing window. Highly crystalline, uniform formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite formation via tBuOH:EA bathing was confirmed by achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.5% for glass-based spin-coated PSCs, and 19.1% for gravure-printed flexible PSCs. As an extended work, R2R gravure-printing and tBuOH:EA bathing resulted in the highest PCE reported for R2R-processed PSCs, 16.7% for PSCs with R2R-processed SnO 2 /FA-perovskite, and 13.8% for fully R2R-produced PSCs.

Recently, many kinds of printing processes have been studied to fabricate perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) for mass production. Among them, slot-die coating is a promising candidate for roll-to-roll processing because of high-throughput, easy module patterning, and a premetered coating system. In this work, we employed mixed lead precursors consisting of PbAc 2 and PbCl 2 to fabricate PeSCs via slot-die coating. We observed that slot-die-coated perovskite films based on the mixed lead precursors exhibited well-grown and uniform morphology, which was hard to achieve by using only a single lead source. Consequently, PeSCs made with this precursor system showed improved device performance and reproducibility over single PbAc 2 . Lastly, a large-area module with an active area of 10 cm 2 was fabricated with a power conversion efficiency of 8.3%.

Bacterial cancer therapy relies on the properties of certain bacterial species capable of targeting and proliferating within solid malignancies. If these bacteria could be loaded with antitumor proteins, the efficacy of this approach could be greatly increased. However, because most antitumor proteins are also toxic to normal tissue, they must be expressed by bacteria that specifically target and exclusively localize to tumor tissue. As a strategy for treating solid malignancies, we recently evaluated L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) delivered by tumor-targeted Salmonella . In this system, L-ASNase was expressed under the control of the araBAD promoter ( PBAD ) of the E. coli arabinose operon, which is induced by injection of L-arabinose. Here, we further improved the performance of recombinant Salmonella in cancer therapy by exploiting the quorum-sensing (QS) system, which uses cell mass-dependent auto-induction logic. This approach obviates the necessity of monitoring intratumoral bacterial status and inducing cargo protein expression by administration of an exogenous compound. Recombinant Salmonella in tumors expressed and secreted active L-ASNase in a cell mass-dependent manner, yielding significant anticancer effects. These results suggest that expression of a therapeutic protein under the control of the QS system represents a promising engineering platform for the production of recombinant proteins in vivo ., Competing Interests: CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors do not have any conflicts of interest.

For the first time, the photovoltaic modules composed of small molecule were successfully fabricated by using roll-to-roll compatible printing techniques. In this study, blend films of small molecules, BTR and PC 71 BM were slot-die coated using a halogen-free solvent system. As a result, high efficiencies of 7.46% and 6.56% were achieved from time-consuming solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment and roll-to-roll compatible solvent additive approaches, respectively. After successful verification of our roll-to-roll compatible method on small-area devices, we further fabricated large-area photovoltaic modules with a total active area of 10 cm 2 , achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.83%. This demonstration of large-area photovoltaic modules through roll-to-roll compatible printing methods, even based on a halogen-free solvent, suggests the great potential for the industrial-scale production of organic solar cells (OSCs).

Despite the potential of roll-to-roll processing for the fabrication of perovskite films, the realization of highly efficient and reproducible perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) through continuous coating techniques and low-temperature processing is still challenging. Here, we demonstrate that efficient and reliable CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) films fabricated by a printing process can be achieved through synergetic effects of binary processing additives, N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (CHP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Notably, these perovskite films are deposited from premixed perovskite solutions for facile one-step processing under a room-temperature and ambient atmosphere. The CHP molecules result in the uniform and homogeneous perovskite films even in the one-step slot-die system, which originate from the high boiling point and low vapor pressure of CHP. Meanwhile, the DMSO molecules facilitate the growth of perovskite grains by forming intermediate states with the perovskite precursor molecules. Consequently, fully printed PeSC based on the binary additive system exhibits a high PCE of 12.56% with a high reproducibility.

Objective: We performed a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study to assess the neuroregenerative potential of intravenous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) followed by infusion of mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (mPBMCs) in children with cerebral palsy (CP)., Methods: Children with non-severe CP were enrolled in this study. G-CSF was administered for 5 days, then mPBMCs were collected by apheresis and cryopreserved. One month later (M1), recipients were randomized to receive either mPBMCs or a placebo infusion, and these treatment groups were switched at 7 months (M7) and observed for another 6 months (M13). We assessed the efficacy of treatment by evaluating neurodevelopmental tests, as well as by brain magnetic resonance imaging-diffusion tensor imaging (MRI-DTI) and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) brain positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scanning to evaluate the anatomical and functional changes in the brain., Results: Fifty-seven patients aged 4.3 ± 1.9 (range 2-10) years and weighing 16.6 ± 4.9 (range 11.6-56.0) kg were enrolled in this study. The administration of G-CSF as well as the collection and reinfusion of mPBMCs were safe and tolerable. The yield of mPBMCs was comparable to that reported in studies of pediatric donors without CP and patients with nonhematologic diseases. 42.6% of the patients responded to the treatment with higher neurodevelopmental scores than would normally be expected. In addition, larger changes in neurodevelopment test scores were observed in the 1 month after G-CSF administration (M0-M1) than during the 6 months after reinfusion with mPBMCs or placebo (M1-M7 or M7-M13). Patients who received G-CSF followed by mPBMC infusion at 7 months (T7 group) demonstrated significantly more neurodevelopmental improvement than patients who received G-CSF followed by mPBMC infusion at 1 month (T1 group). In contrast to the results of neurodevelopment tests, the results of MRI-DTI at the end of this study showed greater improvement in the T1 group. Although we observed metabolic changes to the cerebellum, thalamus and cerebral cortex in the 18 F-FDG brain PET-CT scans, there were no significant differences in such changes between the mPBMC and placebo group or between the T1 and T7 group., Conclusions: Neurodevelopmental improvement was seen in response to intravenous G-CSF followed by mPBMC reinfusion, particularly to the G-CSF alone even without mPBMC reinfusion. Further studies using a larger number of mPBMCs for the infusion which could be collected by repeated cycles of apheresis or using repeated cycles of G-CSF alone, are needed to clarify the effect of mPBMC reinfusion or G-CSF alone (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02983708. Registered 5 December, 2016, retrospectively registered).

We report a spray deposition technique as a screening tool for solution processed solar cells. A dual-feed spray nozzle is introduced to deposit donor and acceptor materials separately and to form blended films on substrates in situ. Using a differential pump system with a motorised spray nozzle, the effect of film thickness, solution flow rates and the blend ratio of donor and acceptor materials on device performance can be found in a single experiment. Using this method, polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):(6,6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) are fabricated with numerous combinations of thicknesses and blend ratios. Results obtained from this technique show that the optimum ratio of materials is consistent with previously reported values confirming this technique is a very useful and effective screening method. This high throughput screening method is also used in a single-feed configuration. In the single-feed mode, methylammonium iodide solution is deposited on lead iodide films to create a photoactive layer of perovskite solar cells. Devices featuring a perovskite layer fabricated by this spray process demonstrated a power conversion efficiencies of up to 7.9%.

Fully printed perovskite solar cells are demonstrated with slot-die coating, a scalable printing method. A sequential slot-die coating process is developed to produce efficient perovskite solar cells and to be used in a large-scale roll-to-roll printing process. All layers excluding the electrodes are printed and devices demonstrate up to 11.96% power conversion efficiency. It is also demonstrated that the new process can be used in roll-to-roll production., (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

We report a very unusual cytologic feature, intranuclear inclusion bodies, in mesothelioma of a predominantly adenomatoid type. The patient, a 57-year-old woman, was presented with dyspnea and right pleural effusion. Pleural aspiration cytology revealed many cohesive ball-like clusters, with a tubular pattern, composed of small atypical cells displaying a high-nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. They had a nuclear groove and irregular intranuclear inclusion bodies. Right lung partial resection with thoracoscopy revealed that a white tumor had proliferated along the pleural surface at S(8) . Histology revealed nodular tumor cells forming dilated structures mixed with small tubular or glandular structures similar to those seen in benign adenomatoid tumors. These tumor cells had invaded peripheral lung tissues. Such inclusion bodies have not been reported earlier in mesothelioma. On the basis of this observation, we propose that the adenomatoid type of malignant mesothelioma be added to the differential diagnosis of malignant effusions when tumor cells with nuclear grooves and intranuclear inclusions are found in pleural aspiration cytology., (Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., a Wiley company.)

We report a rare case of an atypical carcinoid of the lung with the elevation of serum ProGRP. A 79-year-old female was referred to our hospital presenting with an abnormal shadow by a chest X-ray film. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a well-defined solitary nodule in the left lower lobe. The serum level of ProGRP was elevated to 2.267 pg/ml (normal range: <46 pg/ml). Pulmonary carcinoid was pathologically suggested by a transbronchial lung biopsy. Considering the patient's general condition, a partial wide resection was performed. Pathological diagnosis was atypical carcinoid. After the operation, further increase of the serum ProGRP level was noted, and multiple liver metastases developed.

Bloody nipple discharge is a clue in the detection of ductal carcinoma of the breast that do not display a mass. Since sensitivity of discharge cytology is not sufficiently high and mammary ductendoscopy (MS) contributes to the diagnosis of intraductal lesions. We set out to determine whether the intraductal approach is effective for detection of ductal carcinoma. We performed 445 MS procedure in 323 patients who had nipple discharge but no overt mass. The diagnostic accuracy rates of discharge cytology and intraductal breast biopsy (IDBB) were studied in detecting malignancy. The therapeutic value of IDBB for intraductal papillomas was studied in 73 patients. Out of 323 patients, 80 had breast cancer and 155 had intraductal papilloma. MS detected intraductal tumors in 47 cases (58.8%). IDBB was performed in 35 of these 47 cases. The sensitivity was 37.1% by touch cytology, 68.6% by IDBB, and 82.8% by directed ductal lavage cytology. Of the 73 intraductal papilloma patients who were followed for more than 3 years, the therapeutic effectiveness of IDBB was recognized in 57 (78.1%). Directed ductal lavage cytology was the most sensitive method in detecting malignancy. MS and IDBB were benefit in the treatment of intraductal papilloma.