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Background Treatment outcomes for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis remain poor. We aimed to estimate the association of treatment success and death with the use of individual drugs, and the optimal number and duration of treatment with those drugs in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Methods In this individual patient data meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify potentially eligible observational and experimental studies published between Jan 1, 2009, and April 30, 2016. We also searched reference lists from all systematic reviews of treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis published since 2009. To be eligible, studies had to report original results, with end of treatment outcomes (treatment completion [success], failure, or relapse) in cohorts of at least 25 adults (aged >18 years). We used anonymised individual patient data from eligible studies, provided by study investigators, regarding clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. Using propensity score-matched generalised mixed effects logistic, or linear regression, we calculated adjusted odds ratios and adjusted risk differences for success or death during treatment, for specific drugs currently used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, as well as the number of drugs used and treatment duration. Findings Of 12030 patients from 25 countries in 50 studies, 7346 (61%) had treatment success, 1017 (8%) had failure or relapse, and 1729 (14%) died. Compared with failure or relapse, treatment success was positively associated with the use of linezolid (adjusted risk difference 0.15, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.18), levofloxacin (0.15, 0.13 to 0.18), carbapenems (0.14,0.06 to 0.21), moxifloxacin (0.11, 0.08 to 0.14), bedaquiline (0.10, 0.05 to 0.14), and clofazimine (0.06, 0.01 to 0.10). There was a significant association between reduced mortality and use of linezolid (-0.20, -0.23 to -0.16), levofloxacin (-0.06, -0.09 to -0.04), moxifloxacin (-0.07, -0.10 to -0.04), or bedaquiline (-0.14, -0.19 to -0.10). Compared with regimens without any injectable drug, amikacin provided modest benefits, but kanamycin and capreomycin were associated with worse outcomes. The remaining drugs were associated with slight or no improvements in outcomes. Treatment outcomes were significantly worse for most drugs if they were used despite in-vitro resistance. The optimal number of effective drugs seemed to be five in the initial phase, and four in the continuation phase. In these adjusted analyses, heterogeneity, based on a simulated I-2 method, was high for approximately half the estimates for specific drugs, although relatively low for number of drugs and durations analyses. Interpretation Although inferences are limited by the observational nature of these data, treatment outcomes were significantly better with use of linezolid, later generation fluoroquinolones, bedaquiline, clofazimine, and carbapenems for treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. These findings emphasise the need for trials to ascertain the optimal combination and duration of these drugs for treatment of this condition.

Using data recorded with the CLEO II and CLEO II.V detector configurations at the Cornell Electron Storage Rings, we report the first observation and mass measurement of the Sigma(*+)(c) charmed baryon, and an updated measurement of the mass of the Sigma(+)(c) baryon. We find M(Sigma(*+)(c))-M(Lambda(+)(c)) = (231.0+/-1.1+/-2.0) MeV, and M(Sigma(+)(c))-M(Lambda(+)(c)) = (166.4+/-0.2+/-0.3) MeV, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively.

We search for the decay of the B0 meson into a pair of leptons in the suppressed channels B0→e+e-, B0→μ+μ- and in the lepton number violating channel B0→e±μ∓ in a sample of 9.7×106 BB̄ pairs recorded by CLEO detector. No signal is found, and the following upper limits on the branching fractions are established: B(B0→e+e-)27 TeV is established at 90% confidence level. © 2000 The American Physical Society.

The resonant structure of the four pion final state in the decay τ→3 ππ0ντ has been analyzed using 4.27 million τ+τ- pairs collected by the CLEO II experiment at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. A partial wave analysis of the resonant structure of the τ→3 ππ0ντ decay has been performed; the spectral decomposition of the four pion system is dominated by the ωπ and a1π final states. The mass and width of the ρ′ resonance have been extracted from a fit to the τ→ωπντ spectral function. We have searched for second class currents in the decay τ→ωπντ using spin-parity analysis and established an upper limit on the non-vector current contribution. © 2000 The American Physical Society.

We have searched for the decay of the τ lepton into seven charged particles and zero ot one π0. The data used in the search were collected with the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.61 fb-1. No evidence for a signal is found. Assuming all the charged particles are pions, we set an upper limit on the branching fraction B(τ-→4π-3π+(π 0)vτ)

In a sample of 9.66x10(6)BandBmacr; pairs collected with the CLEO detector we make the first observation of B decays to an eta(c) and a kaon. We measure branching fractions B(B+-->eta(c)K+) = (0.69(+0.26)(-0.21)+/-0.08+/-0.20)x10(-3) and B(B degrees -->eta(c)K degrees ) = (1.09(+0.55)(-0.42)+/-0.12+/-0.31)x10(-3), where the first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is from the eta(c) branching fraction uncertainty. From these we extract the eta(c) decay constant in the factorization approximation, f(eta(c)) = 335+/-75 MeV. We also search for B decays to a chi(c0) and a kaon. No evidence for a signal is found and we set 90% C.L. upper limits: B(B+-->chi(c0)K+)chi(c0)K degrees )

The resonant structure of the four pion final state in the decay τ→3ππ0ντ has been analyzed using 4.27 million τ+τ- pairs collected by the CLEO II experiment at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. A partial wave analysis of the resonant structure of the ô-»3 τ→3ππ0ντ decay has been performed; the spectral decomposition of the four pion system is dominated by the ωπ and a1π final states. The mass and width of the ρ′ resonance have been extracted from a fit to the τ→ωπντ spectral function. We have searched for second class currents in the decay τ→ωπντ using spin-parity analysis and established an upper limit on the non-vector current contribution. ©2000 The American Physical Society.

A search for the lepton-family-number-violating decays gt;ey and has been performed using II data. Nr> p.virlenrp nf a sipnal har)