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When using modern navigation systems as part of an on-board system, the navigation task can be solved in several ways: using positional, velocity and angular corrections, and systems using measurements of various physical nature—radio, such as short-range and long-range navigation radio systems, GLONASS/GPS satellite global navigation systems, optical—celestial navigation systems—can operate as correctors. The best performance of INS and its sensors (gyroscopes and accelerometers) errors estimation can be obtained when all types of correction are implemented simultaneously. At the same time, it is particularly difficult to implement correction according to attitude parameters due to the fact that the measuring axes of the INS and correctors may not match on board of moving objects. Such a mismatch is commonly called relative angular misalignment. The paper considers a possible approach to the attitude sensors relative angular misalignment estimation in integrated navigation systems (NS), carried out in motion when the NS is in operating mode.

One way to increase efficiency in the field of construction is to develop and improve new progressive design forms that reduce the consumption of materials, the complexity of manufacturing and erection, and the cost. These include a variety of combined systems, including arched ones. Frameless arch systems have not been widely developed in our country due to the lack of adaptedness of the design concept to Russian climatic conditions, while frame arch systems have a high consumption of materials. It is proposed to improve arch systems by increasing the spatial rigidity of the entire building made of rolled metal due to the combined action of the load-bearing frame and enclosing structures made of corrugated sheets. Thus, it becomes possible to use frameless arches on large spans. The use of such structures opens up wide opportunities for creating coverings that are characterized by lightweight and high technical and economic features.

This paper proposes a new way to strengthen arched buildings with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust perception. The new method of strengthening the arched buildings can be used in architectural and structural solutions of buildings with zones where it is impossible to place tie-beams traditionally. In the literature there are no research results on this issue. The authors described a new method of strengthening arched buildings. Using a frameless arched structure with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust as an example, they considered the proposed strengthening method with two options for anchoring the arched building's foundation with tie-beams installed to perceive the thrust to semi-buried and buried anchors. The authors carried out theoretical studies and determined the magnitude of the prestresses in the installed tie-beams to ensure the bearing capacity of the arched building for the variant of asymmetric snow design load. Conclusions. The significance of the obtained results for the construction industry is to propose a method to strengthen arched structures with an insufficient bearing capacity of the foundations for the thrust perception. The proposed method of strengthening is an effective and novel way of increasing the bearing capacity of structures and foundations of arched buildings and can be used in architectural and structural solutions of buildings with zones that impede the traditional placement of tie-beams.

At present, design and construction of all-FRP structures with the use of GFRP are developing. All-FRP frame structures use bolted connections to form nodes between the elements, particularly steel bolts. This research focuses on the use of FRP pultruded plates instead of chords and webs. Frame construction nodes are formed by adjoining frame elements at different angles to the chords through gusset plates. In accordance with the literature analysis, a small number of tests have been carried out to investigate connections at angles to the pultrusion direction the pultrusion direction. Both experimental and numerical studies made with pultruded plates and L-shape FRP profiles have demonstrated that the plates have considerable influence on the strength and deformation of joints so that the joints failure mode involves mainly the bolted plate. These results were then compared against numerical predictions obtained using Ansys for finite-element analysis.

The article describes promising, innovative materials for the restoration of machine parts. The elemental composition was studied by atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The elemental composition of amorphous alloys of grades 84KHSR, 2HSR, 82H7HSR and nanocrystalline alloy of grade 5BDSR was studied. Based on the results of elemental analysis, it can be argued that the chemical composition of the materials studied by us will help to increase the productivity of technological processes of recovery and the formation of amorphous or nanocrystalline structures of high microhardness in the reducing coatings

Objective: To systematically evaluate the impact of the Trendelenburg position on hemodynamic parameters in adult patients., Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis using PubMed and Medline., Setting: All prospective interventional studies comparing the hemodynamic characteristics of patients in the horizontal supine position and Trendelenburg position., Measurements and Main Results: A total of 16 studies including 333 patients were found. The Trendelenburg position led to a statistically significant 11% increase in stroke volume compared with the supine position (mean difference [MD] = 8.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79; 14.76, p = 0.012). A decrease in stroke volume variation (MD = -1.36, 95% CI: 2.26; -0.46, p = 0.003) and heart rate (MD = -1.65, 95% CI: -2.86; -0.44, p = 0.008) and an increase in cardiac output (MD = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.1; 0.57, p = 0.006), mean arterial pressure (standardized MD, = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.1; 0.74, p = 0.011), central venous pressure (MD = 4.13, 95% CI: 2.42; 5.84, p < 0.001), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MD = 4.25, 95% CI: 2.69; 5.81, p < 0.001), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (MD = 16.89, 95% CI: 3.17; 30.61, p = 0.016) were found., Conclusions: The Trendelenburg position significantly increases stroke volume and improves multiple hemodynamic parameters in adult patients. These results confirm the position's potential clinical relevance in hemodynamic management and suggest the possibility of a tailored application in selected clinical settings. The duration of the beneficial effects of the Trendelenburg position and the possible side effects should be the focus of further investigation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: With machine learning (ML) carving a niche in diverse medical disciplines, its role in sepsis prediction, a condition where the 'golden hour' is critical, is of paramount interest. This study assesses the factors influencing the efficacy of ML models in sepsis prediction, aiming to optimize their use in clinical practice., Methods: We searched Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and CENTRAL for studies published from inception to October 2023. We focused on studies predicting sepsis in real-time settings in adult patients in any hospital settings without language limits. The primary outcome was area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic. This meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA-NMA guidelines and Cochrane Handbook recommendations. A Network Meta-Analysis using the CINeMA approach compared ML models against traditional scoring systems, with meta-regression identifying factors affecting model quality., Results: From 3,953 studies, 73 articles encompassing 457,932 septic patients and 256 models were analyzed. The pooled AUC for ML models was 0.825 and it significantly outperformed traditional scoring systems. Neural Network and Decision Tree models demonstrated the highest AUC metrics. Significant factors influencing AUC included ML model type, dataset type, and prediction window., Conclusion: This study establishes the superiority of ML models, especially Neural Network and Decision Tree types, in sepsis prediction. It highlights the importance of model type and dataset characteristics for prediction accuracy, emphasizing the necessity for standardized reporting and validation in ML healthcare applications. These findings call for broader clinical implementation to evaluate the effectiveness of these models in diverse patient groups., Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-12-0062/, identifier, INPLASY2023120062., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Yadgarov, Landoni, Berikashvili, Polyakov, Kadantseva, Smirnova, Kuznetsov, Shemetova, Yakovlev and Likhvantsev.)

Objectives: The quality of postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty is crucial for patient recovery, rehabilitation, and hospital stay duration. In line with the above, а single-shot adductor canal block has been considered as an improved method over continuous femoral nerve block. However, continuous adductor canal block and single-shot femoral nerve block have been not adequately addressed in the discussion. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various types of adductor and femoral nerve blocks on clinically relevant outcomes in patients following total knee arthroplasty., Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted following "PRISMA-NMA" and Cochrane Handbook guidelines. The eligibility criteria included randomized trials and, where these were lacking for a comparison, nonrandomized studies involving adults undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty, comparing single-shot adductor canal block, continuous adductor canal block, single-shot femoral nerve block, and continuous femoral nerve block., Results: A total of 36 studies involving 3308 patients were included. Single-shot adductor canal block showed higher pain scores and opioid consumption but better functional recovery at 24 h compared with continuous femoral nerve block. However, this trend vanishes by the 48 h assessment postsurgery. Continuous adductor canal block required higher opioid consumption but better functional recovery and shorter hospital stay compared with continuous femoral nerve block. Single-shot adductor canal block showed higher pain scores but comparable opioid consumption and functional recovery to continuous adductor canal block., Discussion: The shift from continuous femoral nerve block to single-shot adductor canal block as the preferred method for pain relief after total knee arthroplasty may be premature. While the latter improves mobility, it falls short in pain control and does not shorten hospital stays. Continuous adductor canal block shows promise but is currently underappreciated, and single-shot femoral nerve block is often overshadowed by other techniques in regional anesthesia. Further high-quality, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: The identification of clinical-psychopathological and pathopsychological components involved in the formation of syndromes of delusional and overvalued constructions., Material and Methods: Authors examined 93 subjects using experimental psychological techniques for detection of cognitive styles., Results and Conclusion: A specific combination of phenomenological disorders and cognitive style characteristics in different types of delusional (sensual, imaginative and interpretive) and delusion-like (overvalued) states has been singled out. It has been shown that a specific combination of different cognitive-motivational controllers of intellectual process underlies the mechanisms of these disorders. It is a basis for the formation of specific structures of pathological personal meanings with the dominance of imaginative or ideational patterns or deformations of the semantic significance of the stimuli.

Despite low invasiveness, lacrimal passages, intubation in children requires general anaesthesia to prevent traumatic and neurological complications. General anaesthesia with sevoflurane is optimal for technical simplicity, safety and controllability. Methods of face mask inhalation anesthesia with halothan and sevoflurane were compared in 996 patients. The authors have developed their own standart of performing the face mask inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane in children during lacrimal passages intubation. This allowed to minimize the number of intra- and postoperative complications in children, to reduce period of postanesthetic observation, to advance the peroral compensation of fluid deficit.

A total of 326 patients were operated on the heart under total and combined epidural anesthesia. Multicomponent total anesthesia in combination with epidural blocking is indicated for patients with coronary disease, aortal and mitral valve failure, arterial and pulmonary hypertension. The dose of fentanyl is decreased 2.98 times, duration of forced ventilation of the lungs 2-fold, and the incidence of cardiovascular and pulmonary complications is reduced in patients subjected to cardiosurgical interventions under total anesthesia in combination with epidural blocking.

The analysis of 36 case records of patients with peritonitis (n = 12) and intestinal obstruction (n = 24) is presented. Nasogastrointestinal intubation of the small bowel was used in combined treatment. The aims, indications and contraindications for the intubation are formulated. Bacteriologic and biochemical parameters of bowel content were studied. It was established that the quantity of enterobacteria and unfermenting gram-negative bacteria was increased in intestinal paresis, the alkaline phosphatase, amylase, bilirubin, transaminase, a potassium content were increased as well. For the tube to function from the first hours after its introduction it should be periodically properly washed with sodium hypochlorite in concentration 300 mg/l.

Some aspects were studied of the occurrence of disseminated sclerosis (DS) in the south of Ukraine (Odessa and Nikolaev Provinces) with special reference to geoclimatic, ecological and ethnic factors over the period 1992-1993, DS incidence was noted to be on the increase in the region, which fact permits classifying the South territories of Ukraine as a zone with moderate DS prevalence. Data are submitted on nonuniformity of distribution of frequency of DS cases on the territory in question. Lineage was traced to the climatic-and-geographic factors of the region, locality one lives in as well as to sex and race.

The paper is concerned with disorders of psychosexual maturity in adolescents (n-70). For that purpose in view a comparative nosological study of the early residual organic psychopathlike conditions (46 cases) and of organic psychopathies (24 cases) formed during the pubertal crisis was done at a forensic psychiatry hospital. According to the data obtained in the majority of the test subjects, there occurred asynchronisms of puberty (80%). Unlike group II (organic psychopathy) where disharmonic puberty was predominant, retarded puberty was recorded most frequently in group I. The main variants of psychosexual maturity were distinguished within the framework of the forms indicated: 2 variants in retardation and 6 variants in disharmonic puberty. Disharmonic puberty, then retarded puberty and pubertas precox were found to be dangerous for the onset of sexual disorders (perversions, deviations). Expert criteria for assessing the depth of sexual disorders were specified in addition. The new data obtained are of importance of both general and forensic psychiatry.

This is an attempt of precise definition of the notion "drive disorders". An original definition is offered which differentiated these from related states. Based on the analysis of 76 clinical investigations, some general age-related features were found in the clinical pictures of the disorders, the systematics of their course was given, the criteria of expert evaluation derived. The relation of drive disorders to other adolescent psychopathology was stressed.