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Ferry Efendi,1 Joni Haryanto,1 Eka Mishbahatul Mar’ah Has,1 Makhfudli Makhfudli,1 Retno Indarwati,1 Heri Kuswanto,2 Joni Wahyuhadi,3,4 Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi,4,5 Ken Hok Man Ho,6 Ika Adelia Susanti7 1Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 5Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 6Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong; 7Faculty of Health Science, Universitas dr. Soebandi, Jember, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Ferry Efendi, Email ferry-e@fkp.unair.ac.idIntroduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases rapidly and causes mortality in all groups, including children. However, the predictive risk factors of mortality among children remain inconclusive. This study aimed to analyse the predictors related to mortality among children with COVID-19.Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using provincial COVID-19 data from April 2020 to May 2021. We selected 6441 children under age 18 to be included in this study. Chi-square and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate the predictors of mortality in children with COVID-19.Results: This study showed that the prevalence of children who died COVID-19 was 2.7%. Age, case definition, treatment status, severity of illness, and travel history had a significant relationship with survival status in children with COVID-19. As the increasing age, the risk of death with COVID-19 will decrease [AOR=0.94; CI 95%=0.91– 0.97]. Otherwise, suspected status [AOR=2.12; 95% CI=1.48– 3.04], hospitalization with ventilators [AOR=22.25; 95% CI=5.73– 86.42], severe illness [AOR=46.76; 95% CI=21.69– 100.80], and travel history [AOR=1.78; 95% CI=1.22– 2.60] were significantly related with an increased risk of death in children with COVID-19.Discussion: Severe illness in children was the strongest predictor of mortality. Disease prevention and health promotion programs are the key to preventing hospitalizations in children and decreasing the mortality rate.Keywords: child health, COVID-19, child mortality

Joni Haryanto,1,2 Ferry Efendi,1,2 Retno Indarwati,1,2 Heri Kuswanto,3 Elida Ulfiana,1,2 Eka Mishbahatul Mar’ah Has,1,2 Gading Ekapuja Aurizki,1,2 Anna Kurniati,4 Wedad M Almutairi5 1Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Community Health, Geriatric and Family Nursing Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Directorate of Health Workforce Deployment, Directorate General of Health Workforce, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia; 5Faculty of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ferry Efendi, Email ferry-e@fkp.unair.ac.idBackground: Despite the significant number of Indonesian nurses joining the Japanese National Nursing Licensure Examination (JNNLE), only a few of those were successful. Indonesian nurses as one of active migration player to Japan’s market remain a critical support in supporting human resources for health in Japan. However, the successful nurses’ perspectives have yet to be understood entirely. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian nurses who successfully passed the JNNLE.Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The participants were twenty Indonesian nurses who have passed the licensure examination. This study was carried out by semi-structured interviews conducted virtually. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results: Five themes were discovered in this study: language ability as the key to succeeding in the exam, strategies to passing the exam, supporting resources as factors to increase the passing rate, understanding the nature of nursing exam, and internal motivation to be recognized as a professional nurse in a foreign country.Conclusion: Indonesian nurses who passed the Japanese national nursing licensure examination tend to deploy planned strategies. Honing the language skills while working and living in Japan is very important, while structured support systems in the hospital, government, and social network are imperative to learning the new knowledge in the area of nursing care in Japan.Keywords: Indonesia, Japan, migrant worker, migration, nurse licensure examination, migration policy

Hidayat Arifin,1,2 Kuei-Ru Chou,2 Kusman Ibrahim,1 Siti Ulfah Rifa’atul Fitri,1 Rifky Octavia Pradipta,3 Yohanes Andy Rias,4 Nikson Sitorus,5 Bayu Satria Wiratama,6 Agus Setiawan,7 Setyowati Setyowati,8 Heri Kuswanto,9 Devi Mediarti,10 Rosnani Rosnani,10 Rumentalia Sulistini,10 Tuti Pahria1 1Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; 3Department of Fundamental Nursing Care, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Indonesia; 5Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia; 6Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 7Department of Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; 8Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; 9Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia; 10Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Palembang, Palembang, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Hidayat Arifin, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, KM. 21, Hegarmanah, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62 811 3194 433, Email hidayat.arifin@unpad.ac.idPurpose: Indonesia is facing an increasing occurrence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) every year. We assessed the modifiable, non-modifiable, and physiological risk factors of NCDs among the Indonesian population.Methods: Secondary data was analyzed from the 2018 Indonesian basic health research (RISKESDAS). The national survey included participants aged 15– 54 years and obtained 514,351 responses. Linear systematic two-stage sampling was conducted by RISKESDAS. Furthermore, chi-square and binary logistic regression were utilized to explore the determinant of NCDs with a significance level of 95%.Results: We found that almost 10% respondents in Indonesia had NCDs. We observed that depression has a higher odd (aOR: 2.343; 95% CI: 2.235– 2.456) contributed to NCDs and followed other factors such as no education (aOR: 1.049; 95% CI: 1.007– 1.092), passive smoking (aOR: 0.910; 95% CI: 0.878– 0.942), fatty food (aOR: 1.050; 95% CI: 1.029– 1.073), burnt food (aOR: 1.033; 95% CI: 1.005– 1.062), food with preservatives (aOR: 1.038; 95% CI: 1.002– 1.075), seasoned food (aOR: 1.057; 95% CI: 1.030– 1.084), soft drinks (aOR: 1.112; 95% CI: 1.057– 1.169), living in an urban area (aOR: 1.143; 95% CI: 1.119– 1.168), living in central Indonesia (1.243; 95% CI: 1.187– 1.302), being female (aOR: 1.235; 95% CI: 1.177– 1.25), and obese (aOR: 1.787; 95% CI: 1.686– 1.893). Conversely, people in Indonesia who undertook vigorous activity (aOR: 0.892; 95% CI: 0.864– 0.921), had employment (aOR: 0.814; 95% CI: 0.796– 0.834), had access to improved sources of drinking water (aOR: 0.910; 95% CI: 0.878– 0.942), and were aged 35– 44 years (aOR: 0.457; 95% CI: 0.446– 0.467) were less likely to develop NCDs.Conclusion: Modifiable, non-modifiable, and physiological risk factors have a significant influence on NCDs in Indonesia. This finding can be valuable information for Indonesian Government to arrange a cross-collaboration between government, healthcare workers, and society through advocacy, partnership, health promotion, early detection, and management of NCDs.Keywords: non-communicable diseases, NCDs, Indonesia, RISKESDAS

Ferry Efendi,1,2 Joni Haryanto,1,2 Retno Indarwati,1,2 Heri Kuswanto,3 Elida Ulfiana,1,2 Eka Mishbahatul Mar’ah Has,1,2 Mei-Chan Chong4 1Department of Advanced Nursing Care, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Community Health, Geriatric and Family Nursing Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Department of Statistics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Ferry Efendi Email ferry-e@fkp.unair.ac.idBackground: The Indonesian policymakers need to respond to the current challenges, particularly the excess of nurses and the increased demand for nurses in the global market.Objective: This study aimed to present the perception of policymakers and stakeholders on the management of overseas migration of Indonesian nurses.Methods: This study is a descriptive qualitative design where data were collected through structured interviews with key stakeholders representing the Indonesian government, namely the Ministry of Health (MOH), the Ministry of Labour (MOL), Ministry of Education (MOE) and the Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Agency (BP2MI). The in-depth interviews involved participants who were responsible for managing Indonesian nurses’ migration. The qualitative data were analyzed thematically using a content analysis approach.Results: The issues involving nurses’ migration policy are quite complex and sectoral. Themes emerging from this study include the move towards global market orientation, addressing challenges on international nurse migration, strengthening coordination among stakeholders and making the most of opportunities. All the themes reflect that the country should work hard to achieve the balance between quantity and quality of nursing resources for the international market.Conclusion: As regulator and executor of Indonesian nurse migration, various government policies have responded to the low number of Indonesian nurses’ migration overseas, emphasizing the three cycles of migration: pre-migration, migration and post-migration. The preparation of resources, regulations and placements for Indonesian nurses abroad open the opportunity to the international nursing labour market. Hence, the policies need to be strengthened from upstream to downstream to make Indonesian nurses more competitive and adaptive in global market.Keywords: health worker, Indonesian nurses, migration, workforce, active labour market policies, global jobs

Optical devices are a complex material, most of the concepts are related to abstraction and visualization such as the formation of shadows and light trails, so that a good visual representation is needed to achieve this material competence. Visual representation in physics learning is important, but some teachers still find it difficult to instill this ability due to media constraints. Therefore, this study uses PBL-based flip-book media assisted by virtual laboratory simulations to overcome this problem. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of PBL-based flip-books assisted by Virtual Laboratory Simulation in improving students' visual representation skills on optical instrument material. The method used is quantitative with quasi-experimental methods, pretest and posttest through instruments based on visual representation indicators. The experiment was conducted in grade 11 of senior high school's student. The results of this study indicate that the use of PBL-based flip-books assisted by Virtual Simulation has a positive effect on students' visual representation abilities. This is shown in the acquisition of the N-Gain value of 0.828 in the high category. This study concludes that the use of PBL-based flip-books assisted by virtual lab simulations improves students' visual representation abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at simulating the energy dispersion of graphene using Spreadsheet as a distance (online) learning as a solution for physics learning, especially for undergraduate students. Here we compare the simulation results of graphene's dispersion energy from various literatures and then discussed them from the educational point of view. The Spreadsheet is used to visualize the energy dispersions of graphene having hexagonal honeycomb lattice structure. The results obtained are graphene's energy dispersion simulations from various literature sources, especially from 2010 to 2019. Moreover, although the mathematical formulas are different, the graphene's energy dispersion profiles are mostly similar in wireframe and 3D surface patterns. These simulation results can be used in teaching undergraduate students in making simple simulations using Spreadsheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to study the kinetics of 400 nm blue emission during ultraviolet insolation on germanoslicate optical fiber, hydrogenated, and non-hydrogenataed. The hydrogenation of the fibers was carried out at room temperature under 150 atm for 4 weeks. The focused frequency doubled Argon laser ultraviolet beams were directed to the core of the unsheathed fiber. The light beams emerging from the end of the fiber were directed towards a detector. Kinetics the creation of defects in the hydrogenated fiber followed the power law for low-fluency insolation. At high fluency, the formation of defects followed the principle of two photosensitization or serial steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to examine the formation and destruction of the hydroxyl in optical fibers by comparing the ambient atmosphere, air, and nitrogen during thermal treatment from room temperature up to 1100 °C. It has been shown that during the heat treatment, molecular hydrogen dissolved in the fiber plays no role in the formation of OH while under UV irradiation the formation is dependent on the presence of dissolved hydrogen. The heat treatment preferentially leads to the formation of Si-OH, while during irradiation it assists the formation of both Ge-OH and Si-OH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]