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Objective: Indonesia is a developing country that still has water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) problems. Only 16% of education units have access to all basic services such as water, sanitation and hygiene and as many as 43.5 million Indonesian children do not have access to basic drinking water, basic sanitation and hygiene at school. This can have an impact on increasing disease transmission in children at school. This study aimed to analyse the coverage of school WASH in Bekasi City so as to identify the constraints and problems of WASH in schools. Methodology: This type of research used a cross sectional design approach. The samples of this study were 30 schools in Bekasi City. The indicator data measured consists of 3, namely sanitation, hygiene and air. Results: The results of this study indicate that school WASH in Bekasi is good, this can be seen from the availability of WASH facilities in schools such as the availability of drinking water, easy access, waste management facilities, the availability of hand washing facilities and the existence of toilets that have been widely separated between men and women. Suggestions: The role of stakeholders and school sanitation programme holders is very important in the implementation of school WASH., Objectivo: A Indonésia é um país em desenvolvimento que ainda tem problemas de água, saneamento e higiene (WASH). Apenas 16% das unidades educativas têm acesso a todos os serviços básicos, como água, saneamento e higiene e cerca de 43,5 milhões de crianças indonésias não têm acesso a água potável básica, saneamento básico e higiene na escola. Isto pode ter um impacto no aumento da transmissão de doenças em crianças na escola. Este estudo teve como objectivo analisar a cobertura de WASH escolar na cidade de Bekasi, de modo a identificar os constrangimentos e problemas de WASH nas escolas.   Metodologia: Este tipo de pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem de desenho transversal. As amostras deste estudo foram 30 escolas na cidade de Bekasi.   Constatações: Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o WASH escolar em Bekasi é bom, isto pode ser visto pela disponibilidade de instalações WASH nas escolas, tais como a disponibilidade de água potável, fácil acesso, instalações de gestão de resíduos, disponibilidade de instalações para lavagem das mãos e a existência de sanitários amplamente separados entre homens e mulheres.   Implicações/Valor: O papel das partes interessadas e dos detentores de programas de saneamento escolar é muito importante na implementação de WASH escolar. &nbsp

Objective: Underweight is related to many factors including family socioeconomic factors. Stunting is defined as early-life linear growth retardation that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, decreased physical, neurodevelopmental, and economic capacity. Underweight is more common in stunted children than in wasting/thin children. The purpose of this study is to examine the risk factors for underweight in under-five children in the stunting locus area, West Java, Indonesia Method: The study used a cross-sectional study design from May to August 2023 and involved 309 under five children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data used includes the household socioeconomic factors, hygiene and sanitation factors, and children characteristics. The dependent variable was the nutritional status of children as measured by the weight-for-age index. The children were classified as underweight if their z-score was less than -2 standard deviation (< -2 SD). Bivariate analysis employed the chi-square test. Multiple logistic regression test was used for multivariate analysis with a significance value <0.05. Results: Results showed that 20.4% of children were underweight. Logistic regression test showed that the usage of less iodized salt raised the risk of underweight in children (OR: 1.789; 95% CI:1.004-3.218), while low father's education increased the risk of underweight (OR: 1.895; 95% CI: 1.070-3.354). Conclusion: Local government support of sustainable iodized salt fortification is required, as is the inclusion of social aspects of the family and gender in the implementation of nutrition programs.

Yogyakarta is a capital city of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, educational, tourism and industry city. This condition probably makes citizen increase and it can also increase urbanization to Yogyakarta. Citizen increasing causes the vehicle volume increased and it can make quality of air decrease. Main source of pollutant comes from transportation and one of them is carbon monoxide. Potter in Giwangan terminal were respondents in this study which were in high risk to be exposed by transportation emission which had carbon monoxide because their activity that always stay in terminal for long time. This study aim was prevent risk of lung capacity decreasing caused by carbon monoxide to potters at Yogyakarta Giwangan terminal. This study was observational study with cross sectional design. Study Population was all potters at Yogyakarta Giwangan terminal with sample large were 33 samples (population total). Data analysis used spearman correlation test and fisher‘s continued logistic regression. The results of this study showed that 30.3% of respondents had the abnormal lung function capacity (lung problems) and 69.7% of respondents had normal lung function capacity. The results of bivariate analysis between age, nutritional status, use of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) and disease history were not associated with lung function capacity (p-value> 0.05) and there was associated between the period of employment, smoking habit, and exercise habits with a capacity of lung function (p-value <0.05). Multivariate test results indicated that COHb levels did not contribute to the capacity of lung function and smoking was the most influencing variable to capacity of lung function with odds ratio value (OR) as many as 16.37. COHb levels did not contribute the capacity of lung function and smoking habit was the most factors which influence than others.