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ABSTRACT Imidazole moiety when fused with other heterocyclic system form numerous compounds with different types of pharmacological and biological activities. In this review, we discussed a comprehensive analysis of the synthetic methodologies and reaction mechanisms for imidazo‐fused heterocyclic molecules. These molecules represent a crucial class of compounds due to their significant applications and versatile chemical reactivity. This article meticulously examined various synthetic routes for the construction of imidazo‐fused heterocycles, ranging from traditional methods to modern approaches such as microwave‐assisted reactions, NPs‐catalyzed reactions, light‐mediated synthesis, electrochemical reactions, and transition metal‐free synthesis routes. By consolidating the current knowledge and highlighting future directions, this review aims to serve as a treasure for research community in the fields of organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and material science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Drug repurposing has become a recent trend in drug development programs, where previously developed drugs are explored for hit and redeveloped into potential therapeutic agents for new diseases. Globally, in any drug development program, a series of molecules are synthesized and evaluated for the hypothesized activity. Hits are developed into lead molecules or drugs, whereas the negative ones are shelved in the lab with no immediate use. We in this project took the previously sidelined small chemical molecules to the next level of utility, where previously developed in‐house small molecules library are tested for the unexplored biological relevant activity. As biofilm formation and quorum sensing play a vital role in bacterial pathogenesis, we believe that they could be one of the most effective targets for antimicrobial agents. In this study, we report the evaluation of 50 different compounds for anti‐biofilm and anti‐quorum sensing activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of the screened compounds, three hydrazine‐carboxamide hybrid derivatives showed promising anti‐biofilm property and inhibition of pyocyanin production without any direct antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity issues. Hydrazine‐carboxamide hybrids can be a new class and promising leads for further anti‐biofilm and anti‐virulence development against microbial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among heterocyclic compounds, quinoline is one of the best ubiquitous heterocyclic rings for medicinal chemistry purposes. Quinoline appears to be a powerful chemical structure to develop new drug entities. The quinoline derivatives own a wide array of biological activities such as anticancer, antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmanial, etc. Because of the wide spectrum of bioactivities, the scientific communities are still looking for more efficient synthetic routes to form quinoline derivatives. Therefore, the primary focus of this review is to provide a thorough and inclusive, updated report on quinoline analogs that may pave the way for more efficient drug development., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

The thiazole ring is a unique heterocyclic motif among heterocyclic compounds. This five-member ring with one nitrogen and one sulphur atom displays a wide array of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiviral, etc., by acting on several targets. Its broad range of medical applications has inspired us to study this opulent heterocyclic molecule. The current review summarizes synthetic approaches for the preparation of thiazole derivatives in brief and discusses the promising biological activities of this scaffold. This review will be useful to the drug discovery community and will facilitate the synthesis and development of novel and potent thiazole derivatives, which may serve as lead molecules for the treatment of various diseases., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)