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Purpose: It is a critical challenge to determine the risk of recurrence in early stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Accurate gene expression signatures are needed to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups to improve the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy.Experimental Design: Multiple published microarray data sets were used to evaluate our previously identified lung cancer prognostic gene signature. Expression of the signature genes was further validated with real-time reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot assays of snap-frozen lung cancer tumor tissues.Results: Our previously identified 35-gene signature stratified 264 patients with NSCLC into high- and low-risk groups with distinct overall survival rates (P < 0.05, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests). The 35-gene signature further stratified patients with clinical stage 1A diseases into poor prognostic and good prognostic subgroups (P = 0.0007, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests). This signature is independent of other prognostic factors for NSCLC, including age, sex, tumor differentiation, tumor grade, and tumor stage. The expression of the signature genes was validated with real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis of lung cancer tumor specimens. Protein expression of two signature genes, TAL2 and ILF3, was confirmed in lung adenocarcinoma tumors by using Western blot analysis. These two biomarkers showed correlated mRNA and protein overexpression in lung cancer development and progression.Conclusions: The results indicate that the identified 35-gene signature is an accurate predictor of survival in NSCLC. It provides independent prognostic information in addition to traditional clinicopathologic criteria.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with myelin degeneration and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) as the most common type. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL) and Orexin-A (OXA) in patients with RRMS and compare it with healthy control subjects' data.In this case-control study of 61 subjects, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 23 RRMS patients and 38 healthy control subjects. NFL and OXA levels were determined in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Self-reported questionnaires were also administered to evaluate fatigue severity and impact. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of NFL and OXA.The NFL and OXA concentrations in cerebro-spinal fluid of RRMS patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (p0.001), but no sig-nificant difference was found in the serum concentrations (p = 0.842, p = 0.597, respectively). The cut-off values were found to be 1.194 ng/ml for NFL and 77.81 pg/ml for OXA in cerebrospinal fluid. A positive correlation was found between the Expanded Disability Status Scale and Epworth Sleepiness Scale in RRMS patients (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.045).These results suggest that increased levels of both NFL and OXA in cerebrospinal fluid reflect neuronal destruction in RRMS. Further research of neurodegeneration should focus on neuropeptides to determine the possible roles in RRMS pathogenesis.A sclerosis multiplex (SM) a központi idegrendszer autoimmun betegsége, aminek leggyakoribb típusa a relapszáló-remittáló forma (RRSM). A tanulmány célja az volt, hogy meghatározza a neurofilamentum-könnyűlánc- (NFL-) és az orexin-A- (OXA-) fehérjeszinteket RRSM-betegekben, és összehasonlítsa azokat egészséges kontrollszemélyek adataival.Módszerek – Ebben az eset-kontroll vizsgálatban összesen 61 személytől (23 RRSM-beteg és 38 egészséges kont­roll) gyűjtöttünk szérum- és cerebrospinalisfolyadék-min­tákat. A szérum- és cerebrospinalisfolyadék-minták NFL- és OXA-szintjeit enzimkapcsolt immunszorbens esszékkel határoztuk meg. A vizsgálati alanyok fáradtságszintjük és annak életminőségre kifejtett hatásának meghatározása céljából kérdőíveket is kitöltöttek. Az NFL- és OXA-szintek optimális határértékének meghatározása érdekében ROC-görbe-analízist végeztünk.A kontrollszemélyekkel összehasonlítva, az RRSM-betegek cerebrospinalis folyadékmintáiban szignifikánsan magasabbak voltak az NFL- és az OXA-koncentrációk (p0,001), de a szérumkoncentrációk között nem találtunk szignifikáns különbséget (p = 0,842, p = 0,597). A cerebrospinalis folyadékminták NFL- és OXA-szintjének optimális határértékei a következők voltak: 1,194 ng/ml (NFL) és 77,81 pg/ml (OXA). Az RRSM-be­tegek esetében pozitív korrelációt találtunk a kiterjesztett rokkantsági skála (EDSS) és az Epworth-féle álmos­ság­skála pontszámai között (ρ = 0,49, p = 0,045).Eredményeink alapján a cerebrospinalis folyadék megemelkedett NFL- és OXA-szintjei egyaránt arra utalnak, hogy az RRSM-betegekben neuronalis destrukció zajlik. A neurodegenerációval kapcsolatos további vizsgálatoknak arra kell fókuszálniuk, hogy meghatározzák a neuropeptidek szerepét az RRSM patogenezisében.

We aimed to examine the expression levels of the genes encoding adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) 1, APC-2, Dickkopf related protein (DKK)-1, DKK-3, secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP)-2, SFRP-4, and SFRP-5, which play roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal lung tissues and to evaluate their relationships with clinicopathologic factors. The expression levels of genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of tumor tissue and adjacent intact lung tissue from 57 patients who underwent surgery for lung adenocarcinoma between 2011 and 2018 were determined by real-time PCR analysis. The expression levels of the DKK-1 in tumor tissue, especially in stage I–II tumor tissue, were significantly suppressed compared to those in normal tissue (p

Objective:Breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) in routine traffic control might be higher due to reasons which affect mouth alcohol concentration. According to Highways Traffic Regulation, there is no possibility to recheck/remeasure with technical device. In this study, we aimed to answer firstly how oral antiseptic sprays affect BrAC and then what correlation there is between BrACs and time.Methods:This study included 30 healthy volunteers’ results. In this study, three oral antiseptic sprays (OAS) containing ethanol and a portable electrochemical sensorized breathalyzer were used. BrAC (Tbefore), which is used before spray, was checked and saved for each subject. Subjects sprayed 3 puffs of OAS into their mouths and immediately underwent a breathalyzer examination to evaluate BrAC (T0). Two more examinations were conducted 3 minutes later (T3) and 5 minutes later (T5).Results:The highest BrAC value (4.25 permille) was attained at T0 in 12 subjects; all BrAC values (before spray use) were checked and saved. The BrAC median values decreased under legal limit zero as time passed by from T0 to T3 and T5). T3 values were lower than the corresponding T0 values for all three medications and all T5 values were lower than corresponding T0 and T3 values (all p

Purpose: Gestational diabetes that occurs during pregnancy leads to changes in lipid metabolism. It was aimed to determine the levels of LDL subfractions, betatrophin, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1), and paraoxonase activity in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and compare with the healthy pregnant controls.Methods: This prospective case-control study included 41 women separated into two groups as GDM, and the pregnant controls. Serum levels of betatrophin and GPIHBP1 were measured by ELISA kits. LDL subfraction analysis was performed electrophoretically by using the Lipoprint LDL subfraction kit. Serum paraoxonase activity was determined using photometric paraoxonase assay kit.Results: Serum betatrophin, and GPIHBP1 levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with GDM compared to the pregnant controls (p < 0.001). Higher levels of LDL6 subfraction and smaller mean LDL size was also found in GDM patients. No significant difference was found in PON1 activity.Conclusion: Betatrophin, and GPIHBP1 may have a role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. These biomarkers should be assessed in the postpartum period with long-term clinical outcomes such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

WOS: 000496445800010 PubMed ID: 31280388 AimIn Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative stress plays a substantial role in degeneration of dopaminergic neurons at the substantia nigra. Recent reports describe nesfatin-1 and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) as molecules with neuroprotective property that relieve oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to determine the blood levels of nesfatin-1, GLP-1 and oxidative stress status in patients with PD.Material and methodForty patients with PD, followed-up at the Department of Neurology of Mugla Sitki Kocman University Training and Research Hospital, were enrolled, as well as 40 age- and sex-matched participants as a control group. We determined and compared nesfatin-1, GLP-1, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in patients with PD and control group.ResultsThe mean GLP-1 and nesfatin-1 values of patients with PD were lower than those of the control group, whereas their mean TOS value was higher. The mean TAS values, on the other hand, did not reveal any significant difference between the patient and the control groups.ConclusionThe lower nesfatin-1 and GLP-1 levels, in addition to higher TOS levels, in patients with PD compared to those of control group suggest that the neuroprotective effects of these molecules might be related to the oxidative processes. Further studies are required to search for the impact of abovenamed molecules on the treatment option and the likelihood that they may slow down disease progression. Mugla Sitki Kocman University Research Projects Coordination OfficeMugla Sitki Kocman University [15/237] Mugla Sitki Kocman University Research Projects Coordination Office through Project Grant. Number has granted this paper: (15/237)

Purpose: We aimed to examine the expression levels of the genes of APC (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) 1, APC 2, Dkk (Dickkopf related protein) 1, Dkk -3, sFRP (Secreted frizzled-related protein) -2, sFRP-4, and sFRP-5 genes which play a role in the Wnt signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal lung tissues, and to evaluate their relationship with clinical-pathological factors.Materials and methods: Between 2011 and 2018, the expression levels of the relevant genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor and adjacent intact lung tissue samples of 57 patients who were operated for lung adenocarcinoma were determined by Real-time PCR analysis. Results: The expression levels of the Dkk-1 gene in the tumor tissue, especially in stage I-II, were statistically significantly suppressed compared to normal tissue (p Conclusion: In our study, between the sFRP-5 and Dkk-1 genes, known as the extracellular antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway was found the reverse regulation. sFRP-5 gene was found as having an oncogenic role in adenocarcinoma development. Reverse regulation between these genes in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma may shed light on the mechanisms associated with the development of carcinogenesis. For that reason, clinically, this relationship needs to research in a larger series of pure adenocarcinoma and normal human lung tissues, separated by its stage, for potential therapeutic target or prognostic its significance.

A zombie apocalypse is one pandemic that would likely be worse than anything humanity has ever seen. However, despite the mechanisms for zombie uprisings in pop culture, it is unknown whether zombies, from an evolutionary point of view, can actually rise from the dead. To provide insight into this unknown, we created a mathematical model that predicts the trajectory of human and zombie populations during a zombie apocalypse. We parameterized our model according to the demographics of the US, the zombie literature, and then conducted an evolutionary invasion analysis to determine conditions that permit the evolution of zombies. Our results indicate a zombie invasion is theoretically possible, provided there is a sufficiently large ratio of transmission rate to the zombie death rate. While achieving this ratio is uncommon in nature, the existence of zombie ant fungus illustrates it is possible and thereby suggests that a zombie apocalypse among humans could occur.

This study aimed to determine oxidative stress in the tissue after testicular torsion biochemically and histopathologically and to examine the effects of Nesfatin-1 treatment on this injury. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, torsion + detorsion (4 hr torsion followed by 1 hr detorsion), ischaemia/reperfusion + saline (I/R + S) and I/R + nesfatin-1. I/R + S group a single-dose saline treatment was administered intraperitoneally at the two-hundred-tenth minute of torsion (ischaemia; 10 cc/kg). Similarly, I/R + nesfatin-1 group a single dose of nesfatin-1 treatment was administered intraperitoneally at the two-hundred-tenth minute of ischaemia (10 µg/kg). Myeloperoxidase, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index values were significantly increased in the I/R and I/R + S group compared to the sham group. Superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in the I/R + S group compared to the sham group. No significant difference was found between the I/R + nesfatin-1 group and the other I/R groups (I/R and I/R + S) in terms of biochemical parameters. The mean diameter of the seminiferous tubule decreased in the I/R groups. However, the mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules was not significantly different between the I/R + S group and the I/R + nesfatin-1 group. Thus, the administration of nesfatin-1 after ischaemia did not reduce testicular-oxidative stress.

WOS: 000468613100013 PubMed ID: 30238284 Purpose Obesity is among the known risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). In this study, our aim was to investigate the correlation of waist-to-height ratio, an indicator of central obesity, with presence and severity of OSAS; to compare the use of this ratio with the use of waist circumference and body mass index (BMI); and to determine OSAS-related cutoff values. Methods The patient records were retrospectively analyzed for whom a polysomnography was conducted at our sleep. Sex, age, Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), waist circumference, height, and BMI values of those patients were recorded. AHI scores were used to classify severity of OSAS. Results The study included 437 OSAS patients and 72 control cases. Out of the patient group, OSAS was severe in 208 (47%) patients, moderate in 124 (28%), and mild in 105 (24%) of them. In the group of OSAS patients, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, and BMI were higher compared to the control group with a further difference of all three parameters among severe, moderate, mild OSAS, and controls both in males and females. Cutoff values for OSAS of females were 95.5cm for waist circumference, 0.595 for waist-to-height ratio, and 27.75 for BMI whereas the cutoff values of males were 100.5cm, 0.575, and 27.75, respectively. Conclusions A high value of waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and BMI is associated with the presence and severity of OSAS. We have determined the cutoff values of the studied anthropometric measurements in both sexes for OSAS and severe OSAS.

TOSUN, Kursad/0000-0003-3989-696X WOS: 000528097700001 PubMed ID: 32323045 Purpose Dermatochalasis is a clinical condition characterized by loss of elasticity of eyelid skin and soft tissue, which typically affects the elderly population. The aim of this study is to investigate the mRNA expression levels of collagen type 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) genes in dermatochalasis tissue. Methods The study group consisted of 15 patients who underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty and were above 40 years old. The patients in our control group were divided into two subgroups according to their ages. Fourteen patients who were under 40 years old and had anterior blepharoptosis surgery for blepharoptosis were designed as the young control group. Sixteen patients who were older than 40 years old and had anterior blepharoptosis surgery for blepharoptosis were designed as the old control group. The patients in the dermatochalasis group were also evaluated according to their smoking status. Surgical tissue specimens were analyzed for COL1A1 and MMP9 mRNA gene expression levels by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results COL1A1 and MMP9 mRNA gene expression levels were not statistically different between the groups (p = 0.247; p = 0.052, respectively). When compared in means of the smoking habit, smokers in the dermatochalasis group exhibited higher COL1A1 mRNA expression levels when compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.008). MMP9 gene expression levels of smokers exhibited almost statistically higher levels but at the limit when compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.05). Conclusions This study represents a preliminary study to detect the tissue changes at a molecular level in dermatochalasis, which is known to be related to connective tissue pathology. Collagen and MMPs are essential components of the extracellular matrix, and smoking might affect their gene expression. Further prospective studies on these regulatory genes and encoded protein levels with a larger group of patients may provide particular contribution to explaining the pathophysiology of dermatochalasis. Research Fund of the University Mugla Sitki KocmanMugla Sitki Kocman University [15/147] This study was supported by the Research Fund of the University Mugla Sitki Kocman (No: 15/147).

Methylation is a key epigenetic modification of DNA and regarding its impact on epilepsy, it is argued that "DNA methylation may play an important role in seizure susceptibility and maintenance of the disorder". DNA methylation status of KCC2 (SCL12A5) and NKCC1 (SCL12A2) associated with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy was investigated in our study.Thirty-eight patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who were diagnosed by video EEG monitoring and 32 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Twenty-three patients in TLE group were men and the remaining 15 were women. Among them, 27 had unilateral temporal focus (9 with right; 18 with left) and 11 patients had bilateral TLE. We analyzed promoter region methylation status of the KCC2 (SCL12A5) and NKCC1 (SCL12A2) genes in the case and control groups. Gene regions of interest were amplified through PCR and sequencing was accomplished with pyro-sequencing.We found a significant relationship between TLE and methylation on the NKCC1. However, there was no association between TLE and methylation on the KCC2 gene. Also, we found no association between right or left and unilateral or bilateral foci of TLE. There was no relationship between TLE and methylation on the NKCC1and KCC2 genes in terms of mesial temporal sclerosis in cranial MRI, head trauma or febrile convulsions.The methylation of NKCC1 can be a mecha-nism of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. There are limited findings about DNA methylation in TLE. Therefore, further studies with large sample sizes are necessary.A metiláció kulcsfontosságú a DNS epigenetikai módosítása során. Az epilepsziában fontos a metiláció szerepe, olyannyira, hogy az is felmerül: a DNS-metiláció közreműködik a rohamokra való fogékonyság kialakulásában, továbbá a betegség fenntartásában is. Vizsgálatunkban elemeztük a refrakter temporalis epilepsziával asszociált KCC2 (SCL12A5) és NKCC1 (SCL12A2) gének metilációs státuszát.38, video-EEG-monitorral diagnosztizált temporalis epilepsziában szenvedő beteget és 32 egészséges kontrollszemélyt vontunk be a vizsgálatba. A 38 betegből 23 volt férfi, 15 nő; 27-en unilaterális temporalis epilepsziában (9 jobb oldali, 18 bal oldali), 11-en kétoldali temporalis epilepsziában szenvedtek. A vizsgálati és a kontrollcsoportban egyaránt elemeztük a KCC2 (SCL12A5) és NKCC1 (SCL12A2) gének promoter régióinak metilációs státuszát. A kérdéses régiókat PCR-rel amplifikáltuk és piroszekvenálással elemeztük.Szignifikáns kapcsolat mutatkozott a temporalis epilepszia és az NKCC1 metilációja között. Mind­azonáltal, nem volt kapcsolat a temporalis epilepszia és a KCC2 gén metilációja között, továbbá nem találtunk össze­függést az epilepto­gén fókusz elhelyezkedése (jobb vagy bal oldali unilaterális, il­let­ve kétoldali temporalis epilepszia), valamint a metilációs státusz között sem. Nem mutatkozott kapcsolat a temporalis epi­lep­szia, a KCC2, NKCC1 gének metilációs státusza, valamint a koponya-MRI-n ábrázolódó mesialis halántéki sclerosis, a fejet ért trauma vagy a lázgörcs között sem.A refrakter temporalis epilepszia hátterében az NKCC1 metilációja állhat. További nagy esetszámú vizsgálatokra van szükség, mivel korlátozott adattal rendelkezünk a DNS metilációjával kapcsolatosan refrakter temporalis epilepszia esetében.

PubMed ID: 30523463 Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on union results of the application of cerclage cable around the lateral femoral wall (LFW) in postoperative fracture displacement. Patients and methods: A retrospective evaluation was made of all the cases of reverse intertrochanteric fractures over a 7-year period in a trauma center. The study included 69 fractures treated with intramedullary nailing. The age of the patients, postoperative reduction quality and complications such as mechanical failure and non-union (1.4%) were obtained from the medical records. Changes in the neck-shaft angle, the amount of LFW displacement and telescoping of proximal femoral nail antirotation blades and lag screws were measured on anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. The functional evaluation of the Harris Hip Score was recorded at the final follow-up examination. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.31 years (range 18–93 years). Closed reduction was applied in 37 (53.7%) cases, open reduction in 10 (14.5%) and with cerclage cable in 22 (31.8%). Mechanical failure developed in 8 (11.5%) cases where cerclage cable was not used. In 2 of these 8 cases, open reduction was successful. In the patients where cerclage cable was applied, no mechanical failure developed and no case underwent revision surgery. In the cases where cerclage cable was not used, a significantly higher rate of telescoping was found. (p = 0.001). The application of cerclage cable was seen to significantly reduce the amount of LFW displacement (2.23 mm vs 8.86 mm) and shorten the time to partial weight bearing (p = 0.000). Conclusion: In reverse intertrochanteric fractures, the application of circumferential cerclage cable with cephalomedullary nailing contributes to primary stability and accelerates mobilization. Therefore, it can be considered a good option. It reduces the risk of failure internal fixation for intertrochanteric fracture. © 2018, Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.

TOSUN, Kursad/0000-0003-3989-696X WOS: 000460591000001 The SIS model is a fundamental model that helps to understand the spread of an infectious disease, in which infected individuals recover without immunity. Because of the random nature of infectious diseases, we can estimate the spread of a disease in population by stochastic models. In this article, we present a class of stochastic SIS model with births and deaths, obtained by superimposing Wiener processes (white noises) on contact and recovery rates and allowing variable diffusion rates. We prove existence of the unique, positive and bounded solution of this nonlinear system of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and examine stochastic asymptotic stability of equilibria. In addition, we simulate the model by considering a numerical approximation based on a balanced implicit method (BIM) on an appropriately bounded domain D subset of R-2.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of InterTan nail and proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in the treatment of reverse intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31-A3). The study included a total of consecutive patients who presented at trauma centre with a reverse intertrochanteric fracture between in the last 7 years. Treatment was applied with PFNA in 33 patients and with InterTan nail in 36. Evaluation was made from the radiographs taken on postoperative day 1 and at the final follow-up examination of changes in the femoral neck and shaft angulation, measurement of telescoping of blade and lag screws and reduction quality. The mean telescoping was measured as 7.21±7.13mm in the PFNA group and 4.18±4.32 mm in the InterTan group (p = 0.039). Mechanical failure was seen in 8 (24.2%) cases in the PFNA group and in one case of the InterTan group. Cut-out was observed in 4 cases of the PFNA group and in none of the InterTan group. No statistically significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of time to union and functional scores (p = 0.573 and p = 0.294). The use of InterTan nailing in the fixation of reverse intertrochanteric fractures provided better clinical and radiological results compared to PFNA in terms of less telescoping, less change in the neck shaft angle and lower complication rates.

WOS: 000465507100013 PubMed ID: 30759289 The etiology of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is still unknown and the process of elaboration of multiple genetic mechanisms is ongoing. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of NKCC1 (SCL12A2) and KCC2 (SCL12A5) in JME by comparing their DNA methylation status in patients with JME versus healthy controls. Forty-nine patients with JME and 39 healthy individuals were compared for DNA methylation at the 5CpG islands. A total of 71 (81%) samples were found to have methylation in the NKCC1 gene, 36 (73%) from patients and 35 (90%) from healthy individuals. Out of the KCC2 samples, 50 (57%) were found to have methylation, 33 (67%) from patients and 17 (44%) from healthy individuals. In patients with JME, methylation of NKCC1 (73%) was lower than its methylation in the controls (90%) (p=0.047). On the other hand, methylation of KCC2 in patients with JME (67%) was greater than the methylation in the controls (44%) (p=0.022). Twenty-eight patients were treated with VPA and ongoing medications were not found to be associated with methylation (p>0.05). In the present study, we determined significantly lower NKCC1 DNA methylation and significantly higher KCC2 DNA methylation levels in patients with JME compared with the healthy controls. This implies that NKCC1 expression can be higher and KCC2 expression can be reduced in affected people. Further studies that investigate the potential effect of DNA methylation mechanisms regulating gene expression on seizure activity and how they change JME network activity will be helpful.

This study aims to assess how mean corpuscular volume (MCV), red cell distribution width (RDW), and thiol-disulphide homeostasis are altered in psoriasis patients. This is a cross-sectional review of 76 healthy volunteers and 87 psoriasis patients who were consecutively admitted to the department of dermatology. Psoriasis patients and healthy controls were statistically similar with respect to age, sex, body mass index, blood pressures, and disease duration (p>0.05for all). When compared to healthy controls, psoriasis patients had significantly higher MCV, RDW, C-reactive protein (CRP), disulphide, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol (p<0.001for all). However, psoriasis patients had significantly lower native thiol and native thiol/total thiol (p=0.009andp<0.001, respectively). When compared to healthy controls, the patients with Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) ≤ 10 and patients with PASI > 10 had significantly higher MCV, disulphide, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol (p<0.001for all). The patients with PASI ≤ 10 and patients with PASI > 10 had significantly lower native thiol/native thiol than healthy controls (p<0.001for all). The psoriasis patients with PASI > 10 had significantly higher RDW and CRP than healthy controls and patients with PASI ≤ 10 (p<0.001for all). Disulphide, disulphide/native thiol, disulphide/total thiol, and native thiol/total thiol correlate significantly with both PASI scores and disease duration. Thiol-disulphide homeostasis is enhanced in psoriasis patients. Ongoing inflammation and increased oxidative stress in psoriasis patients also trigger the formation of prooxidants which are neutralized by antioxidants such as thiols. That is why plasma thiol levels are decreased in psoriasis patients.

0000-0003-3989-696X WOS: 000482219000002 PubMed ID: 30462594 The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of InterTan nail and proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in the treatment of reverse intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31-A3). The study included a total of consecutive patients who presented at trauma centre with a reverse intertrochanteric fracture between in the last 7 years. Treatment was applied with PFNA in 33 patients and with InterTan nail in 36. Evaluation was made from the radiographs taken on postoperative day 1 and at the final follow-up examination of changes in the femoral neck and shaft angulation, measurement of telescoping of blade and lag screws and reduction quality. The mean telescoping was measured as 7.21 +/- 7.13mm in the PFNA group and 4.18 +/- 4.32 mm in the InterTan group (p = 0.039). Mechanical failure was seen in 8 (24.2%) cases in the PFNA group and in one case of the InterTan group. Cut-out was observed in 4 cases of the PFNA group and in none of the InterTan group. No statistically significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of time to union and functional scores (p = 0.573 and p = 0.294). The use of InterTan nailing in the fixation of reverse intertrochanteric fractures provided better clinical and radiological results compared to PFNA in terms of less telescoping, less change in the neck shaft angle and lower complication rates.

To evaluate the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the Russell Taylor, Seinsheimer and AO classification systems, and to investigate whether or not the experience of the surgeon had any effect on the classification. All the radiographs of 35 patients with subtrochanteric femur fracture were classified by 16 observers using the Russell Taylor, Seinsheimer and 31-AO classifications. Two groups of observers were formed of eight orthopedic surgeons, each with at least five-year experience and eight orthopedic assistants, from six different hospitals, who were invited to participate in the study. All the observers reviewed all the X-rays at this first evaluation. At 6 weeks after the first evaluation, the same radiographs were presented to each observer again in a random order and all the observers were requested to classify the fractures again. To evaluate the inter- and intra-observer reliability, the Fleiss kappa and Cohen’s kappa values were used. In the inter-observer reliability, the mean values of the two evaluations for the Russell Taylor classification were determined to be κ:0.724 (substantial) for the specialists and κ:0.722 (substantial) for the assistants. Using the Seinsheimer classification, the mean values were κ:0.691 (substantial) for the specialists and κ:0.629 (substantial) for the assistants, and for the AO classification, the mean values were κ:0.279 (fair) for the specialists and κ:0.291 (fair) for the assistants. In the intra-observer reliability, the median values for the Russell Taylor classification were determined to be κ:0.955 (almost perfect) for the specialists and κ:0.855 (almost perfect) for the assistants. Using the Seinsheimer classification, the median values were κ:0.915 (almost perfect) for the specialists and κ:0.900 (almost perfect) for the assistants, and for the AO classification, the median values were κ:0.665 (substantial) for the specialists and κ:0.695 (substantial) for the assistants. As both the Russell Taylor and Seinsheimer classifications were found to be more reliable and reproducible than the AO classification for subtrochanteric femoral fractures, they can be considered to be more valuable in clinical practice and communication. The experience of the surgeons was not found to have any significance in the evaluation of these three classification systems in these types of fractures.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between pectoralis major muscle (PMj) and rib defects in Poland syndrome (PS) and to evaluate the clinical findings and variabilities by the systematic review of all/current published articles on PS. Material and Methods: Based on our inclusion criteria, 86 patients were decided to be eligible for participating in this study. The data of the reviewed studies were classified according to the date of publication, age, sex, side of the deformity, defect type of PS, presence of other muscle or chest wall abnormalities, and dextrocardia. Further, other coexisting deformities and abnormalities were recorded. A logistic regression statistical analysis was carried out. Results: According to the reviewed cases, both left-sided presence-multiple muscle defects and left-sided presence-rib anomalies were found to be statistically significant (P = 0.007 and P = 0.04, respectively). The strength of the relationship between these two parameters was evaluated by binary logistic regression analysis, which revealed that multiple muscle defects and rib anomalies were associated with left chest side presence (P = 0.005 and P = 0.02, respectively). When the relationship between rib anomalies and PMj defect was analyzed, the association was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.03). Furthermore, the result of the strength analysis was also supported this association (P = 0.04). Discussion and Conclusion: Molecular and embryological development processes of the ribs and pectoral muscles are investigated to assess the presence of a structural relationship considering the causal connection between ribs and PMj in PS. As a supportive element to our study, the presence of a myogenic regulatory factor–Hox gene link was asserted in the animal experiments done by some researchers, showing a common development process of the rib and pectoral muscle. We believe that with the outcomes of this study, the clinical diversity and the etiopathogenesis of PS could be explained comprehensively.

We introduce random fluctuations on contact and recovery rates in deterministic SIR model with disease deaths in nonparametric manner and obtain stochastic counterparts with general diffusion coefficients (functional contact and recovery rates). 1 $$\begin{aligned} \displaystyle dS&= \,\Big (-\beta S I +\mu (K-S)\Big )~dt - S I~ F_1\big (S,I,R\big ) ~dW_1\nonumber \\ dI&= \,\Big (\beta S I-\big (\alpha +\gamma +\mu \big )I\Big )~ dt + S I~ F_1\big (S,I,R\big ) ~dW_1-I~F_2\big (S,I,R\big ) ~dW_2 \\ dR&= \,\Big (\alpha I - \mu R\Big )~dt+ I~F_2\big (S,I,R\big ) ~dW_2. \nonumber \end{aligned}$$ The introduced stochastic model has functional diffusion coefficients which contains arbitrary local Lipschitz-continuous functions $$F_i$$ ’s defined on $$\begin{aligned} {\mathbb {D}}=\{(S,I,R) \in {\mathbb {R}}^3: ~S\ge 0, ~I \ge 0, ~R \ge 0, ~S+I+R\le K\}. \end{aligned}$$ In this paper we prove the global existence of a unique strong solution and discuss stochastic asymptotic stability of disease free and endemic equilibria of the model and visualize our results with some simulations to confirm them.

Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor of lung carcinogenesis. The clinical impact of smoking on lung cancer metastases and survival remains unclear. We sought to investigate the effect of smoking intensity on lung cancer treatment failure (represented by overall survival), and the interactions between smoking and clinicopathological factors in lung cancer progression.Clinical information was obtained from four non-small cell lung cancer patient cohorts (n=347). Twenty patients were excluded from the analysis because their smoking history was not available. The distribution of smoking intensity on patient age (or =60 years or60 years), gender, tumor differentiation (poor, moderate and well differentiated), and clinical stage (1, 2, or 3) was assessed with Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests. The effect of smoking on cause-specific lung cancer mortality was estimated by using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The interactions between clinicopathological factors and smoking intensity with regard to lung cancer overall survival were evaluated with analysis of variance (ANOVA) for Cox modeling.Greater smoking intensity at diagnosis was found in older patients (or =60 years; p=0.022), male (p=1.35e-7), poorly differentiated tumors (p=8.51e-5), patients with tumor stage 2 (p=0.031), and squamous cell lung cancer patients (p=2.2e-16). Patients who smoked more than 61 packs/year had an increased risk for lung cancer recurrence (hazard ratio=1.41, 95% CI: [1.03, 1.94], log-rank p=0.032) and shorter overall survival period (log-rank p=0.033, Kaplan-Meier analysis) than those who smoked less than 61 packs/year. ANOVA analysis showed that smoking intensity (p=0.03) and tumor stage (p=1.2e-6) are the only significant prognostic factors of lung cancer, whereas patient age, gender, and tumor differentiation were not significant in lung cancer prognostication. There were significant interactions between smoking and clinical stage (p=0.02) as well as patient age and tumor differentiation (p=0.03) in lung cancer progression.Smoking intensity at diagnosis is an independent, significant prognostic factor of non-small cell lung cancer. This factor could be used in patient selection for chemoprevention of tumor metastases and relapse. Additionally, the information may be used for clinically relevant tobacco prevention and intervention messages.

Purpose: It is a critical challenge to determine the risk of recurrence in early stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Accurate gene expression signatures are needed to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups to improve the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy. Experimental Design: Multiple published microarray data sets were used to evaluate our previously identified lung cancer prognostic gene signature. Expression of the signature genes was further validated with real-time reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot assays of snap-frozen lung cancer tumor tissues. Results: Our previously identified 35-gene signature stratified 264 patients with NSCLC into high- and low-risk groups with distinct overall survival rates (P < 0.05, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests). The 35-gene signature further stratified patients with clinical stage 1A diseases into poor prognostic and good prognostic subgroups (P = 0.0007, Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank tests). This signature is independent of other prognostic factors for NSCLC, including age, sex, tumor differentiation, tumor grade, and tumor stage. The expression of the signature genes was validated with real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis of lung cancer tumor specimens. Protein expression of two signature genes, TAL2 and ILF3, was confirmed in lung adenocarcinoma tumors by using Western blot analysis. These two biomarkers showed correlated mRNA and protein overexpression in lung cancer development and progression. Conclusions: The results indicate that the identified 35-gene signature is an accurate predictor of survival in NSCLC. It provides independent prognostic information in addition to traditional clinicopathologic criteria.

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between the fracture-risk assessment tool (FRAX®)-based intervention strategy in Turkey and the recommendations published in the Healthcare Practices Statement (HPS). Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study included individuals aged 40 to 90 years who were previously diagnosed as having osteoporosis but had not received any treatment. The intervention thresholds recommended by the National Osteoporosis Foundation for treatment were used. The criteria necessary for the start of administration of pharmacological agents in osteoporosis treatment were evaluated on the basis of the HPS guidelines. Results Of the 1,255 patients evaluated, 161 (12.8%) were male and 1,094 (87.2%) were female. In the evaluation, according to HPS, treatment was recommended for 783 patients (62.4%; HPS+) and not recommended for 472 (37.6%; HPS−). Of the 783 HPS+ patients, 391 (49.9%) were FRAX+, and of the 472 HPS− patients, 449 (95.1%) were FRAX−. A statistically significant difference was observed between the treatment recommendations of HPS and FRAX® (P

23rd World Congress of Neurology (WCN) - SEP 16-21, 2017 - Kyoto, JAPAN WOS: 000427450302038 Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability which progress through the loss of dopaminergic neurons (1). Progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons at the substantia nigra pars compacta is responsible for the pathophysiology (2). Postmortem studies have shown the essential role of oxidative stress in neuronal degeneration of the dopaminergic nigral neurons (3). Recent reports describe nesfatin-1 and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) as molecules with neuroprotective property that relieve oxidative stress. Here we aimed to determine the blood levels of nesfatin-1 and GLP-1 in PD and their effect on oxidative processes. World Federat Neurol

New computational approaches are needed to integrate both protein expression and gene expression profiles, extending beyond the correlation analyses of gene and protein expression profiles in the current practices. Here, we developed an algorithm to classify cell line chemosensitivity based on integrated transcriptional and proteomic profiles. We sought to determine whether a combination of gene and protein expression profiles of untreated cells was able to enhance the performance of chemosensitivity prediction. An integrative feature selection scheme was employed to identify chemosensitivity determinants from genome-wide transcriptional profiles and 52 protein expression levels in 60 human cancer cell lines (the NCI-60). A set of 118 anti-cancer drugs whose mechanisms of action were putatively understood was evaluated. Classifiers of the complete range of drug response (sensitive, intermediate, or resistant) were generated for the evaluated anti-cancer drugs, one for each agent. The classifiers were designed to be independent of the cells' tissue origins. The classification accuracy of all the evaluated 118 agents was remarkably better (P

Purpose: To determine the structural and functional outcomes of retinal displacement after epiretinal membrane surgery (ERM) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Materials and Methods: The records of 56 eyes of 56 patients who underwent idiopathic ERM surgery were reviewed retrospectively. Change of fovea to optic disc (FOD) and interarcade distances (ID) at postoperative month 6 were evaluated for determination of the amount of retinal displacement. The integrity of external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and cone outer segment tips (COST) and the presence of dissociated optic nerve fiber layer (DONFL) at month 6 were determined with optical coherence tomography. Corrected distance visual acuities (CDVAs) were measured before and 6 months after surgery. Results: Pre and postoperative FOD were 3668±284? and 3555±268?. Pre and postoperative ID were 7303±529? and 7635±575?. ELM was intact in 46 (82%) eyes, EZ in 38 (68%) eyes and COST in 38 (68%) eyes. DONFL was detected in 40 (71%) eyes. Mean pre and postoperative CDVA were logMAR 0.53±0.2 and 0.2±0.18. There was no correlation between postoperative CDVA and FOD change (Spearman’s rho=0.136) and ID change (Spearman’s rho=0.19). DONFL was significantly associated with FOD and ID change (p=0.013 ve p=0,02, respectively). Postoperative ELM-EZ and COST integrity were not associated with FOD and ID change. Conclusions: Macula seems to displace toward optic disc and expand in vertical direction following ERM and ILM peeling. There seems no correlation between retinal displacement and visual outcomes. Presence of DONFL may be related to increased retinal displacement. © 2019 Gazi Eye Foundation. All rights reserved.