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A series of symmetrical dibenzylidene derivatives of cyclobutanone were synthesized with the goal of studying the physicochemical properties of cross-conjugated dienones (ketocyanine dyes). The structures of the products were established and studied by X-ray diffraction and by NMR and electronic spectroscopy. All the products had E,E-geometry. The oxidation and reduction potentials of the dienones were determined by cyclic voltammetry. The potentials were shown to depend on the nature, position, and number of substituents in the benzene rings. A linear correlation was found between the difference of the electrochemical oxidation and reduction potentials and the energy of the long-wavelength absorption maximum. This correlation can be employed to analyze the properties of other compounds of this type. Quantum chemistry was used to explain the observed regularities in the electrochemistry, absorption, and fluorescence of the dyes. The results are in good agreement with the experimental redox potentials and spectroscopy data.

Research subject. A meridional Tastau rift structure located in the Famenian sub-latitude rift system of Central Kazakhstan was investigated, including the specific features of its constituent sediments and volcanism, as well as the stages of its development.Materials and methods. The study was based on data collected during a long period of fieldwork, including a detailed study of the sequence of sedimentation processes, large-scale geocarting, sampling for various types of precision analyses.Results. The typomorphic features of the main rock types were determined. It was shown that basaltoid rocks occurred in the form of pillow structures with a hyaloclastite matrix between the pillows. Siliceous shales are saturated with thin ash silicic acid material. A geological scheme of the Tastau structure and its specific features was presented in a series of cross-sections. The developmental stages of this structure were established. The structure was referred to the rift type.Conclusion. The material and structural features of the investigated Tastau section are shown to be typical of the entire rift system of Central Kazakhstan. The pre-rift (Frasnian) stage is characterized by continental volcanism in the form of highpotassium and ultra-potassium rhyolite ignimbrites composing an encialic island-arc structure. These volcanites belong to the shoshonite and high-potassium lime-alkaline petrochemical series. The rift stage itself began in the Early Famenian age with the formation of a system of narrow deep troughs, into which the sea from the neighbouring Zhongaro-Balkhash sea region started to ingress. The conglomerates are characterized by thin flattened isometric pebbles, whose well-polished surface is similar to that of pebbles in modern sea beaches. The sandstones exhibit a high level of lamination and are characterized by poorly pelletized clastic material. The clastic material is represented by the underlying Frasnian rhyolitic ignimbrites carried in from the sides of the trough. The mature rift stage is characterized by the accumulation (under marine conditions) of pillow basalts and hyaloclastites and thin-layered silicite-clay-carbonate shales with abundant ash. The postrift stage is responsible for the formation of layered limestones of the Lower Tournaisian, developed also widely beyond the specified rift trough.

Acid volcanism (rocks with silica more than 64 wt%) is the most widely represented in the orogenic volcanic belts (continental margin and kollisional) and ensialic island arcs on the continental stage in their development. At an early stage of formation of these structures acid volcanics are part of differentiated series basalt-andesite-dacite-rhyolite formation, at a later stage they form bimodal (contrasting silica) formation of high alkalinity. The heyday of acid volcanism coincides with middle-orogenic stage as rhyolite-rhyodacitic eruptions, often in the form of ignimbrites. Variations of the the content of potassium and sodium in rocks are changing in different stages. The most constant ratio of potassium and sodium are characterize for middle-orogenic volcanics while early and especially later-orogenic volcanic rocks vary widely in content of these parameters. In general, the acid volcanic orogenic belts more alkaline and potassium than rock ensialic island arcs, except sometimes occur at the front of orogenic belts of small island- structures ultrapotassic rhyolites. Petrochemical peculiarities of volcanics vary considerably across the strike of orogenic belts. Low-potassium branch of calc-alkaline series dominated in the frontal zones, the rocks of high-K branches of this series as far as shoshonite-latite petrochemical series developed in the rear areas of orogenic belts. The emergence of acid volcanic rocks in a large volume and their alkalinity correlated with the maturity of the continental crust, with an overall impact on the granite-metamorphic layer heat a deep basaltic magma, transmagmatic fluids and reomobilized of “crust” volatile components.

The spectrum of triatomic molecules with close rovibrational opposite parity levels is sensitive to the P , T -odd effects. This makes them a convenient platform for the experimental search of a new physics. Among the promising candidates, one may distinguish YbOH as a non-radioactive compound with a heavy atom. The energy gap between levels of opposite parity, l-doubling, is of great interest as it determines the electric field strength required for the full polarization of the molecule. Likewise, the influence of the bending and stretching modes on the sensitivities to the P , T -violation requires a thorough investigation since the measurement would be performed on the excited vibrational states. This motivates us to obtain the rovibrational nuclear wavefunctions, taking into account the anharmonicity of the potential. As a result, we get the values of Eeff and Es for the lowest excited vibrational state and determine the l-doubling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Генитальные поражения, обусловленные дрожжеподобными грибами рода Candida,являются одной из наиболее частых причин обращения женщин к специалистам. К настоящему времени описано более 100 биологических видов дрожжеподобных грибов, среди которых наиболее частыми возбудителями вульвовагинального кандидоза (ВВК) у 85-90% пациенток являются C.albicans. Среди других видов Candida клиническое значение имеют преимущественно C.glabrata (5-10%), C.tropicalis (3-5%), C.parapsilosis (3-5%), C.krusei (1-3%), а также C.pseudotropicalis и Saccharomyces cerevisiae Целью настоящего исследования явилось изучение зависимости клинической картины ВВК от видового состава грибов Candida и изучение эффективности флуконазола(форкана) при различных формах генитального кандидоза у женщин репродуктивного возраста. Выводы - При определении видового состава дрожжеподобных грибов Candida у больных ВВК возбудителями воспалительного процесса в 79,1% наблюдений являлись C.albicans, в 9,3% - C.glabrata, в 6,97% - C.parapsilosis, в 4,7% - C.tropicalis.Выявлены клинические и микробиологические особенности течения урогенитального кандидоза у женщин репродуктивного возраста в зависимости от видового составагрибов Candida.При оценке антимикотической активности флуконазола (форкана) установлено, что чувствительными являлись все штаммы C.albicans иC.parapsilosis, 2 из 4культур C.glabrata, нечувствительными - 2 культуры C.tropicalis.Эффективность флуконазола (форкана) при первичном эпизоде ВВК составила 90,9%, рецидивирующем течении заболевания - 70,6 и 81,8% в зависимости от методики применения препарата, что позволяет рекомендовать форкан для лечения кандидаинфекции.