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6. A strategy to address dissociation-induced compositional and transcriptional bias for single-cell analysis of the human mammary gland

Author

Alecia-Jane Twigger, Christina Scheel, Christian J Gabka, Ganz Hm, Sterr M, Kunze I, Heiko Lickert, Lisa K Engelbrecht, Andreas R. Bausch, and Walid T. Khaled

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Stromal cell, medicine.diagnostic_test, Mammary gland, Population, Biology, Flow cytometry, Cell biology, Transcriptome, medicine.anatomical_structure, Single-cell analysis, Gene expression, medicine, Stem cell, education
Abstract

SummarySingle-cell transcriptomics provide insights into cellular heterogeneity and lineage dynamics that are key to better understanding normal mammary gland function as well as breast cancer initiation and progression. In contrast to murine tissue, human mammary glands require laborious dissociation protocols to isolate single cells. This leads to unavoidable procedure-induced compositional and transcriptional bias. Here, we present a new strategy on how to identify and minimize systematic error by combining different tissue dissociation strategies and then directly comparing composition and transcriptome of isolated cells using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry. Depending on the tissue isolation strategy, we found dramatic differences in abundance and heterogeneity of certain stromal cells types. Moreover, we identified lineage-specific dissociation-induced gene expression changes that, if left unchecked, could lead to misinterpretation of cellular heterogeneity and, since the basal epithelial population is particularly affected by this, wrongful assignment of putative stem cell populations.

Published
2021
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7. Hot Cells in High-Power Photovoltaic Modules with Solar Cells from Larger Silicon Wafer Formats

Author

Witteck, R., Siebert, M., Kunze, I., and Köntges, M.

Subjects
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability, Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Abstract

38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 757-760, We demonstrate that partial shading of a single c-Si solar cell in a state-of-the-art high-power photovoltaic (PV) module with three bypass diodes can result in hot cells with critical module peak temperatures of 196 °C. The PV module under test features 144 bi-facial PERC+ half-cells of M6 silicon wafer format with a cell area of (166 x 83) mm2. The module’s measured maximum power output is 437 WP. We test three cells of the PV module in an extended IEC 61215-2 MQT09 hot-spot endurance test for 5 h in a steady-state sun simulator. All shaded cells reach steady-state temperatures above 175 °C. For the hottest cell we measure peak temperatures of 196 °C at the module surface. After the test the PV modules shows a discoloration of the white backsheet at the position of the shaded solar cells. This is likely to result in a module power loss or module failure due to encapsulation discolorations, desoldering of the cell interconnection, backsheet cracking of even glass breakage. Our results are essential for improving the long-term stability of new high-power modules with M10- or M12-sized cells and power outputs over 500 WP against partial shading. New high-power modules require hot cell mitigation techniques that go beyond three bypass diodes per module or heat-resistant module materials.

Published
2021
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14. Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there

Author

Fazey, I., Schäpke, N., Caniglia, G., Hodgson, A., Kendrick, I., Lyon, C., Page, G., Patterson, J., Riedy, C., Strasser, T., Verveen, S., Adams, D., Goldstein, B., Klaes, M., Leicester, G., Linyard, A., McCurdy, A., Ryan, P., Sharpe, B., Silvestri, G., Abdurrahim, A. Y., Abson, D., Adetunji, O. S., Aldunce, P., Alvarez-Pereira, C., Amparo, J. M., Amundsen, H., Anderson, L., Andersson, L., Asquith, M., Augenstein, K., Barrie, J., Bent, D., Bentz, J., Bergsten, A., Berzonsky, C., Bina, O., Blackstock, K., Boehnert, J., Bradbury, H., Brand, C., Böhme (born Sangmeister), J., Bøjer, M. M., Carmen, E., Charli-Joseph, L., Choudhury, S., Chunhachoti-ananta, S., Cockburn, J., Colvin, J., Connon, I. L. C., Cornforth, R., Cox, R. S., Cradock-Henry, N., Cramer, L., Cremaschi, A., Dannevig, H., Day, C. T., de Lima Hutchison, C., de Vrieze, A., Desai, V., Dolley, J., Duckett, D., Durrant, R. A., Egermann, M., Elsner (Adams), E., Fremantle, C., Fullwood-Thomas, J., Galafassi, D., Gobby, J., Golland, A., González-Padrón, S. K., Gram-Hanssen, I., Grandin, J., Grenni, S., Lauren Gunnell, J., Gusmao, F., Hamann, M., Harding, B., Harper, G., Hesselgren, M., Hestad, D., Heykoop, C. A., Holmén, J., Holstead, K., Hoolohan, C., Horcea-Milcu, A. -I, Horlings, L. G., Howden, S. M., Howell, R. A., Huque, S. I., Inturias Canedo, M. L., Iro, C. Y., Ives, C. D., John, B., Joshi, R., Juarez-Bourke, S., Juma, D. W., Karlsen, B. C., Kliem, L., Kläy, A., Kuenkel, P., Kunze, I., Lam, D. P. M., Lang, D. J., Larkin, A., Light, A., Luederitz, C., Luthe, T., Maguire, C., Mahecha-Groot, A. -M, Malcolm, J., Marshall, F., Maru, Y., McLachlan, C., Mmbando, P., Mohapatra, S., Moore, M. -L, Moriggi, A., Morley-Fletcher, M., Moser, S., Mueller, K. M., Mukute, M., Mühlemeier, S., Naess, L. O., Nieto-Romero, M., Novo, P., ÓBrien, K., O'Connell, D. A., O'Donnell, K., Olsson, Per, Pearson, K. R., Pereira, L., Petridis, P., Peukert, D., Phear, N., Pisters, S. R., Polsky, M., Pound, D., Preiser, R., Rahman, M. S., Reed, M. S., Revell, P., Rodriguez, I., Rogers, B. C., Rohr, J., Nordbø Rosenberg, M., Ross, H., Russell, S., Ryan, M., Saha, P., Schleicher, K., Schneider, F., Scoville-Simonds, M., Searle, B., Sebhatu, S. P., Sesana, E., Silverman, H., Singh, C., Sterling, E., Stewart, S. -J, Tàbara, J. D., Taylor, D., Thornton, P., Tribaldos, T. M., Tschakert, P., Uribe-Calvo, N., Waddell, S., Waddock, S., van der Merwe, L., van Mierlo, B., van Zwanenberg, P., Velarde, S. J., Washbourne, C. -L, Waylen, K., Weiser, A., Wight, I., Williams, S., Woods, M., Wolstenholme, R., Wright, N., Wunder, S., Wyllie, A., Young, H. R., Fazey, I., Schäpke, N., Caniglia, G., Hodgson, A., Kendrick, I., Lyon, C., Page, G., Patterson, J., Riedy, C., Strasser, T., Verveen, S., Adams, D., Goldstein, B., Klaes, M., Leicester, G., Linyard, A., McCurdy, A., Ryan, P., Sharpe, B., Silvestri, G., Abdurrahim, A. Y., Abson, D., Adetunji, O. S., Aldunce, P., Alvarez-Pereira, C., Amparo, J. M., Amundsen, H., Anderson, L., Andersson, L., Asquith, M., Augenstein, K., Barrie, J., Bent, D., Bentz, J., Bergsten, A., Berzonsky, C., Bina, O., Blackstock, K., Boehnert, J., Bradbury, H., Brand, C., Böhme (born Sangmeister), J., Bøjer, M. M., Carmen, E., Charli-Joseph, L., Choudhury, S., Chunhachoti-ananta, S., Cockburn, J., Colvin, J., Connon, I. L. C., Cornforth, R., Cox, R. S., Cradock-Henry, N., Cramer, L., Cremaschi, A., Dannevig, H., Day, C. T., de Lima Hutchison, C., de Vrieze, A., Desai, V., Dolley, J., Duckett, D., Durrant, R. A., Egermann, M., Elsner (Adams), E., Fremantle, C., Fullwood-Thomas, J., Galafassi, D., Gobby, J., Golland, A., González-Padrón, S. K., Gram-Hanssen, I., Grandin, J., Grenni, S., Lauren Gunnell, J., Gusmao, F., Hamann, M., Harding, B., Harper, G., Hesselgren, M., Hestad, D., Heykoop, C. A., Holmén, J., Holstead, K., Hoolohan, C., Horcea-Milcu, A. -I, Horlings, L. G., Howden, S. M., Howell, R. A., Huque, S. I., Inturias Canedo, M. L., Iro, C. Y., Ives, C. D., John, B., Joshi, R., Juarez-Bourke, S., Juma, D. W., Karlsen, B. C., Kliem, L., Kläy, A., Kuenkel, P., Kunze, I., Lam, D. P. M., Lang, D. J., Larkin, A., Light, A., Luederitz, C., Luthe, T., Maguire, C., Mahecha-Groot, A. -M, Malcolm, J., Marshall, F., Maru, Y., McLachlan, C., Mmbando, P., Mohapatra, S., Moore, M. -L, Moriggi, A., Morley-Fletcher, M., Moser, S., Mueller, K. M., Mukute, M., Mühlemeier, S., Naess, L. O., Nieto-Romero, M., Novo, P., ÓBrien, K., O'Connell, D. A., O'Donnell, K., Olsson, Per, Pearson, K. R., Pereira, L., Petridis, P., Peukert, D., Phear, N., Pisters, S. R., Polsky, M., Pound, D., Preiser, R., Rahman, M. S., Reed, M. S., Revell, P., Rodriguez, I., Rogers, B. C., Rohr, J., Nordbø Rosenberg, M., Ross, H., Russell, S., Ryan, M., Saha, P., Schleicher, K., Schneider, F., Scoville-Simonds, M., Searle, B., Sebhatu, S. P., Sesana, E., Silverman, H., Singh, C., Sterling, E., Stewart, S. -J, Tàbara, J. D., Taylor, D., Thornton, P., Tribaldos, T. M., Tschakert, P., Uribe-Calvo, N., Waddell, S., Waddock, S., van der Merwe, L., van Mierlo, B., van Zwanenberg, P., Velarde, S. J., Washbourne, C. -L, Waylen, K., Weiser, A., Wight, I., Williams, S., Woods, M., Wolstenholme, R., Wright, N., Wunder, S., Wyllie, A., and Young, H. R.

Abstract

Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.

Published
2020
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15. Towards a theory of transformative social innovation: A relational framework and 12 propositions

Author

Pel, Bonno, Haxeltine, Alex, Avelino, F., Dumitru, Adina, Kemp, René, Bauler, Thomas, Kunze, I., Dorland, Jens, Wittmayer, Julia Maria, Jørgensen, Michael Søgaard, Pel, Bonno, Haxeltine, Alex, Avelino, F., Dumitru, Adina, Kemp, René, Bauler, Thomas, Kunze, I., Dorland, Jens, Wittmayer, Julia Maria, and Jørgensen, Michael Søgaard

Abstract

This paper responds to the need in innovation research for conceptual clarity and solid theory on social innovation (SI). The paper conceptualizes SI as changing social relations, involving new ways of doing, knowing, framing and organizing, and theorizes transformative social innovation (TSI) as the process of SI challenging, altering, or replacing dominant institutions in a specific social-material context. Three advances towards TSI theory are proposed. First, we reflect epistemologically on the challenges of theory-building, and propose an appropriate research design and methodology. Middle-range theory is developed through iteration between theoretical insights and comparative empirical study of 20 transnational SI networks and about 100 associated initiatives. Second, we synthesize various innovation theories and social theories into a relational framework that articulates the distributed agency and institutional hybridization involved. Third, we formulate twelve propositions on the emergence of SI initiatives, on the development of SI ecosystems, on institutionalization processes, and on the historical shaping of SI. The paper ends with a critical assessment of the advances made, also identifying further challenges for TSI theory and practice., SCOPUS: ar.j, iiTSE, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2020

17. Abstract of the 68th Meeting (Spring Meeting) 6–9 March 1990, Heidelberg

Author

Sakmann, B., Schrader, J., Brenner, B., Murer, H., Boeckh, J., Handwerker, H. O., HonerjÄger, P., Dugas, M., Wang, G., DeLuca, A., Brinkmeier, H., Fakler, B., Pröbstle, T., Rüdel, R., Pohl, J. -A., Meves, H., Kroll, B., Bremer, S., Tümmler, B., Frömter, E., Schwegler, J. S., Steigner, W., Silbernagl, S., Pusch, Michael, Niemann, P., Schmidtmayer, J., Ulbricht, W., Hansen, G., Lönnendonker, U., Neumcke, B., Eickhorn, R., Hornung, D., Antoni, H., Penner, R., Neher, E., Takeshima, H., Nishimura, S., Numa, S., Melzer, W., Feldmeyer, D., Pohl, B., Zöllner, P., Müller, T. H., Swandulla, D., Misgeld, U, Ganitkevich, V. Ya., Isenberg, G., Cavalié, A., Allen, T. J. A., Trautwein, W., Pelzer, Siegried, Shuba, Yaroslav M., Asai, Tatsuya, Trautwein, Wolfgang, Brown, Arthur M., Birnbauner, Lutz, McDonald, Terence F., Pelzer, Dieter, Eckert, R., Hescheler, J., Rosenthal, W., Offermann, S., Krautwurst, D., Schultz, G., Kettenmahn, Helmut, Trotter, J., Verkhratsky, Alexe J N., Savtchenko, Alexej N., Verkhratsky, Alexej N., Schiefer, A., Klöckner, U., Partridge, L. D., SchÄfer, S., Jonas, P., Koh, D. S., Kampe, K., Hermsteiner, M., Vogel, W., Bauer, C. K., Schwarz, J. R., Fink, R. H. A., Wettwer, E., Weik, R., Schlatter, E., Bleich, M., Granitzer, M., Leal, T., Nagel, W., Crabbé, J., Lang, F., Kahn, E., Friedrich, F., Paulmichl, M., Hammerer, M., Maly, K., Grunicke, H., Böhm, T., Nilius, B., Gögelein, H., Dahlem, D., Weiss, H., Waldegger, S., Woell, E., Paulmichl, R., Ruppersberg, J. P., Schröter, K. H., Stocker, M., Pongs, O., Wittka, R., Boheim, G., Lichtinghagen, R, Augustine, C. K., Stühmer, W., Hoppe, Dorothe, Hoppe, D., Zittlau, K. E., Walther, C., Hatt, H., Franke, C., Quasthoff, S., Wischmeyer, E., Jockusch, H., Friedrich, M., Benndorf, K., Bollmann, G., Hirche, Hj., Hollunder-Reese, F., Mohrmann, M., Greger, R., Weber-Schürholz, S., Schürholz, T., Akabas, M., Landry, D., Al-Awqati, Q., Guse, A. H., Gercken, G., Meyerhof, W., Westphale, H. -J., Kerstins, U., Oberleithner, H., Tilmann, M., Kunzelmann, K., Klitsch, T., Siemen, D., Draguhn, A., Verdoorn, T. A., Pritchett, D. B., Seeburg, P. H., Malherbe, P., Möhler, H., Sakmann, B., Hatt H., Dudel, J., Stern, P., Zufall, F., Rosenheimer, J., Smith, D. O., Dörner, R., Ballanyi, K., Schlue, W. -R., Kalthof, B., Pott, L., Busch, C., Konno, T., Stenql, M., Reinhardt, Ch., Kaiser, H., Baumann, R., Wilimzig, M., Eichenlaub, R., Neumann, E., Lessmann, V., Gottmann, K., Dietzel, I. D., Keller, B. U., Yaari, Y., Konnerth, A., Backus, K. H., Giller, T., Knoflach, F., Pflimlin, P., Trübe, G., von Blankenfeld, G., Ymer, S., Sontheimer, H., Ewert, M., Seeburg, P. H., Kettenmann, H., Schneggenburger, R., Paschke, D., Hülser, D. F., Ubl, J., Kolb, H. A., Ströttchen, J., Boheim, S., Wehner, F., Guth, D., Kinne, R. K. H., Hülser, D. F., Polder, H. R., Bödeker, D., Hoppe, Susanne, Höller, H., Hampe, W., Ruf, H., Schulz, I., Dehlinger-Kremer, M., Ozawa, T., Vasilets, L., Schmalzing, G., MÄdefessel, K., Biel, H., Schwarz, W., Burckhardt, B. C., Stallmach, N., MairbÄurl, H., Hoffman, J. F., Schömig, E., Heuner, A., Göbel, B. O., Siffert, W., Butke, A., Hoffmann, G., zu Brickwedde, M. -K. Meyer, Vetter, H., Düsing, R., Rosskopf, D., Osswald, U., Steffgen, J., Koepsell, H., Martens, H., Rübbelke, M., GÄbel, G., Arens, J., Stabel, J., Fischer, Y., Thomas, J., Rose, H., Kammermeier, H., Munsch, Thomas, Deitmer, Joachim W., Engelmann, B., Duhm, J., Deitmer, Joachim W., Gunzel, D., Galler, S., Fischer, H., Clauss, W., Van Driessche, W., Köckerling, A, Schulzke, JD, Sorgenfrei, D, Fromm, M, Simon, B., Ganapathy, V., Leibach, F. H., Burckhardt, G., Krattenmacher, R., Voigt, Rosita, Dietrich, S., Leyssens, A., Zhang, S. L., Weltens, R., Steels, P., Hoffmann, B., Heinz, M., Habura, B., Dörge, A., Rechkemmer, G., von Engelhardt, W., StrauB, O., Wiederholt, M., Margineanu, D. -G., Van Driessche, W., Kreusel, K. M., Fromm, M., Lempart, U., Sorgenfrei, D., Hegel, U., Augustin, A. J., . Goldstein, R., Purucker, E., Lutz, J., Illek, B., Thiele, K -P., Schwealer, JS., Dittmer J., Bauer C., Eckardt, K. -U., Dittmer, J., Neumann, R., Bauer, C., Kurtz, A., Fromm, H., Schulzke, J. D., Clausen, P., Krohn, A., Lüderitz, S., Hierholzer, K., Kersting, U., Woinowski, L., Gro\mann, R., Bin, X. U., Ellendorff, F., Nitschke, R., Fröbe, U., Scholz, H., della Bruna, R., Ehmke, H., Persson, P. B., Seyfarth, M., Kirchheim, H. R., Dietrich, M. S., Parekh, N., Steinhausen, M., Bührle, C. P., Nobiling, R., Ullrich, K. J., Rumrich, G., Klöss, S., Papavassiliou, F., Hoyer, J., Schmitt, C., Jungwirth, A., Ritter, M., Westphale, H. J., Bevan, C., Theiss, C., Denek, Liliana, Schwegler, Johann S., SchÄfer, Roland, Augustin, Albert J., Heidland, August, Nafz, B., Just, A., Steidl, M., Pinggera, G., Gerstberger, R., Schütz, H., Simon, E., Lohrmann, E., Masereel, B., Delarge, J., Lang, H. J., Englert, H. C., Caliebe, D., Mályusz, M., Wrigge, P., Gronow, G., Klause N., Mályusz, M., Zinnert, H., Fagel, H., Jelkmann, W., Weiss, Ch., Augustin, A. J., Keil, R., Schmidt, W., Kröger, C., Brabant, E. G., Hilgendorf, A., Strauch, S., Lane, F., Prick, A., Golenhofen, N., Mildenberger, S., Schwegler, J. S., Flemming, B., Roloff, D., Wronski, T., Drews, G., Debuyser, A., Henquin, J. C., Jackson, M. B., DeRiemer, S. A., Schmid, A., Schnefel, S., Pröfrock, A., Hinsch, K. -D., Milz, J., Lamprecht, G., Seidler, U., Silen, W., Aziz, O., Reschke, W., Fischer, G., De Decker, N., Hayes, T., Coast, G., Van Kerkhove, E., von zur Mühlen, F., Eckstein, F., Hegel, U, Bentzel, CJ, Riecken, EO, Siemer, C., Rothenpieler, P., Smith, E., Lutnicki, K. R., Wróbel, J. T., Ledwożyw, A., PietraŚ, E., Sender, S., Jürgens, Klaus D., Kleinschmidt, T., Werkmeister, F., Kiwull-Schöne, H., Kiwull, P., Vahle, J., Ott, M., Zimmermann, R. E., Elsing, J. G., Million, D., Zillner, P., Thiel, M., Bardenheuer, H., Peter, K., Fandrey, J., Siegers, C. P., Rupp, H., Elimban, V., Dhalla, N. S., Morano, I., Agostini, B., Mühleisen, M., Mommaerts, W. F. H. M., Ono, K., Wussling, M., Schenk, W., Boldt, W., Lipp, P., Schüttler, K., Szymanski, G., Wendt-Gallitelli, M. F., Herzig, J. W., Depersin, H., Grupp, G., Grupp, I., Glitsch, H. G., Pusch, H., Zylka, Ch., Brāndle, M., Jacob, R., Stein, T., Isselhard, W., Sturz, J., Minor, T., Wingenfeld, P., Siegmund, B., Klietz, T., Schwartz, P., Piper, H. M., Linder, Christa, SchÄfer, Stefan, Heusch, Gerd, Becker, B. F., Reinholz, N., Raschke, P., Leipert, B., Gerlach, E., Dierberger, B., Gülch, R. W., Leverkus, M., Mitsuiye, T., Pohl, U., Wang, S. Y., Meyer, R., Haas, H. G., Christmann, H. Ph, Dörner, Th, Hock, D., Hertel, R., Gagelmann, M., Forssmann, W. G., Leijendekker, W. J., Kissling, G., Michel, H., Goetz, A., Freya, M., Fleckenstein-Grün, G., Schipke, Jochen D., Harasawa, Yasuhiko, Sugiura, Seiryo, Alexander, Joe, Burkhoff, Daniel, Kling, L., Müller-Beckmann, B., Schroth, M., Sponer, G., Böhm, E., Strein, K., Dorszewski, A., Arnold, G., Pike, G. K., Bryant, D. J., Roberts, M. L., Fink, R. H., Ross, Ch., Skyschally, A., Schulz, R., Linder, C., Heusch, G., Schipke, J. D., Burkhoff, D., Alexander, J., Gollnick, F., Peter, Kh., Franken-Weyers, R., Borst, M. M., Deussen, A., Pöpping, S., Hose, H., Strotmann, K. H., Lukascek, B., Karnath, T., Güttier, K., Klaus, W., Haverkampf, K., Guhlmann, M., Schmidt-Ott, S., Heuschen, U., Mall, G., Pfitzer, G., Rösch, J., Arner, A., Rüegg, J. C., Kröger, K., Schipke, J. D., ThÄmer, V., Ehring, Thomas, ThÄmer, Volker, Guth, B. D., Schnabel, Ph A., Schmiedl, A., Gebhard, M. M., Richter, J., Bretschneider, H. J., Guth, B. D., Oudiz, R. J., Schnabel, Ph., Richter, J ., Watanabe, H., Spahr, R., Piper, H. M., Obst, O., Mertens, H., Mülsch, A., Busse, R., Lamontagne, D., Herlan, K., Huang, A., Bassenae, E., Mackert, J. R. L., Schilling, L., Parsons, A. A., Wahl, M., Hock, D., Christmann, M. Ph., Thimm, F., Frey, M., Fleckenstein, a. A., Theilen, H., Göbel, U., Kuschinsky, W., Elbert, Th., Tafil-Klawe, M., Rau, H., Lutzenberger, W., Fleckenstein, A., Forst, H., Haller, M., Santjohanser, C., Lauterjung, L., Smieško, Y., Lang, D. J., Johnson, P. C., Schröck, H., Rau H., Elbert T., Geiger B, Lutzenberger W., Koch, G., Koralewski, H. E., Perschel, F. H., Wagner, K., Krüger, U., Albrecht, M., Hohlbach, G., Maassen, N., Foerster, M., Mühling, J., Bari, F., Pleschka, K., Schmidt, H. D., Gro\, H., Loock, W., Stick, C., Diefenbacher, U., Gronewold, D., Tobinsky, M., Walther-Behrends, A., Witzleb, E., Brummermann, M., Reinertsen, R. E., Rogausch, H., Rohn, W. M., Acker, H., Delpiano, M., Dufau, E., Hentschel, J., Heller, H., Schuster, K. -D., Siekmeier, R., Kronenberger, H., Lintl, H., Schiller-Scotland, Ch. F., Gebhart, J., Heyder, J., Meier-Sydow, J., Stahlhofen, W., Mottaghy, K., Geisen, C., Richter, W., Beckman, J., Marek, W., Ulmer, W. T., Thiele, A. E., Raschke, F., Peter, J. H., Hildebrandt, G., Kullmer, T., Kozianka-Burghof, G., Thiele, A. E., Schlaefke, M. E., Gnuschke, H., Schaefer, T., Schaefer, D., Schaefer, C., Bradley, Ronald J., Sterz, Raimund, Peper, Klaus, Benterbusch, R., Kraft, Th., Yu, L. C., Kuhn, H. J., Blankenbach, K., Asmussen, G., Kunze, I., Pieper, K. -S., Steinmetz, J., Schmidt, H., Krippeit-Drews, P., Hübschen, U., Nacimiento, A. C., Günzel, D., Rathmayer, W., Gaunitz, U., Költgen, D., Zachar, E., Soltau, B., De Martino, L., Hasselbach, W., Kössler, F., Lange, P., Küchler, G., Zeugner, C., Van Eyk, J., Hodges, R. S., Lorkovic, H., Clemens, N., Scheid, P., Noack, Th., Deitmer, P., Golenhofen, K., Lammel, E., Welling, Andrea, Felbel, Jochen, Hofmann, Franz, Katoch, S., Watanabe, T., Mandrek, K., Milenov, K., Hammer, K., Rössler, W., Sann, H., Pierau, Fr -K., Nguyen-Duong, H., Schneider, P., Stahl, F., Lepple-Wienhues, A., Korbmacher, C., Haller, H., Gebauer, M., Willner, U., Bialojan, C., Lengsfeld, M., Kyrtatas, V., Dartsch, Peter C., Boels, P. J., Fischer, W., Lenz, T., Thei\, U., Kreye, V. A. W., Ohkubo, T., Kupp, H., Vonderlage, M., Schreiner, V., Dorlöchter, M., Brinkers, M., Irintchev, A., Wernig, A., Langenfeld, B., Finger, W., Wolburg, H., Beer, A., Schwejda, Ch., Scheller, D., Heister, U., Tegtmeier, F., Knöpfel, Thomas, Spuler, Andreas, Grafe, Peter, GÄhwiler, Beat, Bijak, M., Misgeld, U., Müller, W., Rausche, G., Leweke, F M., Bingmann, D., Moraidis, I., Speckmann, E. -J., Madeja, M., Mu\hoff, U., Lehmenkühler, A, Kuhlmann, D., Hans, M., Lux, H. D., StrÄub, H., Waiden, J., Baker, R. E., Grantyn, R., Perouansky, M., Kraszewski, K, Lehmenkühler, Chr, Dodt, H. U., ZieglgÄnsberger, W., Pawelzik, H., ZieglgÄngsberger, W., Mann, K., Wiethölter, H., Albrecht, D., Dreier, J., Ficker, E., Beck, H., Corrette, B J., Dreyer, F., Repp, H., Dreessen, J., Augustine, G. J., Lehmenkühler, A., Büsselberg, D., Heimrich, B., Haas, H. L., Birnstiel, S., Haas, H. L., Schönrock, B., Altrup, U., Reith, H., Speckmann, E. -J., Alzheimer, C., Bruagencate, G. ten, Fruhstorfer, B., Mignot, E., Nishino, S., Dement, W. C., Guilleminault, C., Simon-Oppermann, Christa, Günther, Olaf, Stehle, J., Reuss, S., Seidel, A., Riemann, R., Vollrath, L., Reimer, Susanne, HölIt, Volker, Sonnhof, U., Krupp, J., Claus, H, Hinckel, P., Dick, H. B. H., Hiemke, C., Jussofie, A., Dorn, T., Uhlig, S., Witte, O. W., Bother B., Eiselt M., Witte H., Zwiener ö, Rother M, Eiseit H., Taghavy, A., KrÄtzer, A., Clusmann, H., Heinemann, U., Block, F., Sonatg, K. -H., Falkeristein, M., Hohnsbein, J., Hoormann, J., Frieling, A., Tarkka, I. M., Kullmann, W., Bromm, B., Hirsch, M. Chr, Wissing, H., Braun, H. A., Igelmund, P., Klu\mann, F. W., Ehrenstein, W. H., Yakimoff, N., Mateeff, S., Zeise, M. L., Arriagada, J., Teschemacher, A., ZieglgÄnsberger, W., Pöppelmann, T., Köhling, R., Boerrigter, P., Reith, H., Anders, K., Ohndorf, W., Dermietzel, R., Richter, D. W., Tölle, T. R., Castro-Lopes, J. M., Neuropharmakologie, Klinische, Sandkühler, J., Leah, J. D., Herdegen, T., Zimmermann, M., Vaitl, D., Gnippe, H., Herbert, M. K., Mengel, M. K. C., Kniffki, K. -D., Linke, R., Vahle-Hinz, C., Schenda, J., Matsumura, K., Herdegen, T., fu, Q. -G., Forster, C., Hutchison, W. D., Morton, C. R., Aschoff, J., Wilhelm, Z., Schwarzacher, S. W., Wasserschaff, M, Hörner, M., Kümmel, H., Windhorst, U., Feldman, J. L., Schmid, K., Foutz, A. S., Denavit-Saubié, M., Pak, M. A., Wehling, P., Evans, C., Bandara, G., Awiszus, F., Feistner, H., Heinze, H. -J., Illert, M., Wasserschaff, M., Kleinebeckel, D., Böhmer, G., Schauer, W., Abel, H. -H., Klü\endorf, D., Koepchen, H. P., Jarolimek, W, König, St, Czachurski, J., Seller, H., Meckler, R. L., McLachlan, E. M., Boczek-Funcke, A., HÄbler, H. -J., JÄnig, W., Michaelis, M., Dembowsky, K., Königr, S., Rau, Harald, HÄbler, H. -J., Unger, M., Merker, G., Roth, J., Zeisberger, E., Gao, H., Hunold, M., Kirchner, F., Takano, K., Schulze, K., Pokorski, M., Sakakibara, Y., Masuda, A., Morikawa, T., Ahn, B., Takaishi, S., Paulev, P. -E., Honda, Y., Flügge, G., Fuchs, E., König, S., Eysel, U. Th., Schmidt-Kastner, R., Skrandies, W., Geib, T., Baumann, C., Schmidt, K. -F., Knapp, A. G., Dowling, J. E., Kuba, M., Toyonaga, N., Kubová, Z., Ehrenstein, W. H., Jacobi, P., Schmidt, K. -F., Nöll, G. N., Baumann, Ch., Tabata, M., Martin, Ch., Meissl, H., Knottenberg, Th., Scheibner, H., Zenner, Hans P., Zimmennann, Ulrike, Gitter, Alfred H., Ding, D., Smolders, J. W. T., Klinke, R., Boekhoff, I., Raming, K., Krieger, J., Tareilus, E., Strotinann, J., Breer, H., Schild, D., DeSimone, J. A., Hellwig, S., Gitter, A. H., Plinkert, P. K., Zenner, H. P., Koltzenbwg, M., Pinter, E., SchÄfer, K., Braun, H. A., Necker, R., Hanesch, U., Heppelmann, B., Schmidt, R. F., Mense, S., Hoheisel, U., Steen, K. H., Anton, F., Reek, P. W., Handwerker, H. O., Lewin, G. R., McMahon, S. B., Heyer, G., Hornstein, O. P., Klement, W., Arndt, J. O., Maeerl, W., GrÄmer, G., Schepelmann, K., Me\linger, K., Schaible, H. -G., Treede, R. D., Meyer, R. A., Campbell, J. N., Claus, D., Neundörfer, B., Ernst, R., Tick-Waider, A. M., Bretschneider, F., Peters, R. C., Tennis, P. F. M., Teunis, P. F. M., Hoheisel, D., Scherotzke, R., Bub, A., Manzl, G., Forssmann, W. G., Jessen, C., Nuesslein, B., Schmidt, I., Wetzig, J., Reiser, M., Bregenzer, N., von Baumgarten, R. J., Mohr, E., Krzywanek, H., Warncke, G., Schuchmann, K. -L., Linow, H., Klu\mann, F. H., Redlin, U., Heldmaier, G., Bamler, A, Koller, A., Felber, S., Haid, C., Wicke, K., Raas, E., Xuemin, Wang, Kerning, Chen, Ying, Shi, Hanping, Shi, Warncke, Günther, Voisord, R., Dortsch, P. C., Betz, E., Karbach, U., Walenta, S., Gross, M. W., Mueller-Klieser, W., Vaupel, P., Okunieff, P., Mayer, W. -K., Stohrer, M., Krüger, W., Müller-Klieser, W., Strupp, M., Weial, P., Bostock, H., Piwernetz, K., Renner, R., Grafe, P., Lankers, J., Zangemeister, W., Kunze, K., Tries, S., Heinle, H., Beckerath, N. V., Maier-Rudolph, W., Mehrke, G., Günther, K., Goedel-Meinen, L., Daut, J., Piper, H. M., Kopp, A., Noll, T., Goellner, A., Gerlach, S., Teutsch, H. F., Schienger, K., Schwab, R., Höckel, M., Fotev, Z., Nienhaus, M., Kaczmarczyk, Gabriele, Richter, Dinah, Korte, Gabriele, Förther, J., Reinhardt, H. W., Schreiber, R., Rupp, J., Murphy, G., Fingerle, J., Kloiber, O., Miyazawa, T., Höhn-Berlage, M., Hossmann, K. -A., Schad, H., Heimisch, W., Blasini, R., Haas, F., Mendier, M., Spuler, A., Lehmann-Hom, F., Wolfram, U., Fenske, M., Sachser, N., Weis, Ch., Marktl, W., Kopta, B., Klammer, N., Rudas, B., Pohl, H., Nienartowicz, A., Moll, W., Klempt, M., Blum, S., Bühler, H., Lichtenstein, I., Novak, A., Siebe, H., Hierholzer, K., and Peper, K.

Published
1990
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19. Narratives of change: How social innovation initiatives construct societal transformation

Author

Wittmayer, J.M. (Julia), Backhaus, J. (J.), Avelino, F. (Flor), Pel, B. (Bonno), Strasser, T. (T.), Kunze, I. (Iris), Zuijderwijk, L.M.A. (Linda), Wittmayer, J.M. (Julia), Backhaus, J. (J.), Avelino, F. (Flor), Pel, B. (Bonno), Strasser, T. (T.), Kunze, I. (Iris), and Zuijderwijk, L.M.A. (Linda)

Abstract

Alongside current policy discourses on the transformative potentials of social innovation, social innovation initiatives also construct their own accounts of how society can be transformed and by whom. Building on state-of-the-art futures studies and narrative research and their linkages, this article unfolds these narratives of change (NoC) by social innovation initiatives. A tripartite framework is used to analyse and discuss the content, construction and role of the NoC of four initiatives: Ashoka, the Global Ecovillage Network, RIPESS and Shareable. The analysis shows that all NoC suggest alternative economic arrangements that challenge the current neoliberal, capitalist system, including the dominant policy narrative of (social) innovation for economic growth. It further highlights the pivotal role of NoC in the construction of individual and social identities and the efforts dedicated to the development and communication of collectively shared worldviews. Differences in NoC are identified regarding the more deliberative or rather hierarchical ways of narrative construction. Concluding reflections highlight how NoC reveal the failings of current systems and suggest alternatives, that their construction mirrors and thereby tests the model of change advocated by social innovation initiatives and that NoC may lure actors into enrolment by offering opportunities to engage in meaning-making.

Published
2019
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22. Arzt-Rechner-Systeme: Markt und Entwicklung

Author

Engelbrecht, R., Hufnagel, H. D., Klarl, D., Kunze, I., Überla, K., editor, Reichertz, P. L., editor, Victor, N., editor, Anderson, J., editor, Goos, G., editor, Gremy, F., editor, Jesdinsky, H.-J., editor, Lange, H.-J., editor, Schneider, B., editor, Segmüller, G., editor, Wagner, G., editor, Ehlers, Carl Theo, editor, and Beland, Henry, editor

Published
1986
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26. Soziale Innovationen für eine zukunftsfähige Lebensweise:Gemeinschaften und Ökodörfer als experimentierende Lernfelder für sozial-ökologische Nachhaltigkeit

Author

Kunze, I. (Iris), Reuber, P. (Paul), and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster

Subjects
Social sciences, Anthropology, sustainability, intentional community, qualitative research, participant observation, social innovation, ecovillage, Factors affecting social behavior, ddc:300, Nachhaltigkeit, Lebensweise, Soziologie, Gemeinschaft, Soziale Innovation, Teilnehmende Beobachtung, Ökodörfer, ddc:304
Abstract

Auf der Suche nach Lösungen für die soziale, ökologische und ökonomische Krise, explorierte die Autorin sozialökologische Ansätze und die Bedeutung der sozialen Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit. Wie entstehen sozial und ökologisch nachhaltige Organisationsstrukturen? Aus Nachhaltigkeitsansätzen wurde ein „Prinzipienkatalog“ zusammengestellt anhand dessen sieben sozialökologische Gemeinschaften und Ökodörfer ausgewählt und mittels je mehrwöchigen teilnehmenden Beobachtungsbesuchen beforscht wurden. Die Umsetzung ihrer Visionen wurde exploriert und ihre Praktiken auf innovative Methoden sozial-ökologisch nachhaltiger Lebensweise ausgewertet. Ergebnis ist eine Zusammenhangsanalyse der Methoden zum Aufbau und Erhalt zukunftsfähiger Sozialwesen: eine werteorientierte Basis, Methoden effektiver Entscheidungsfindungsprozesse, Pflege gemeinschaftlicher Nachbarschaft und Basis nachhaltiger Wirtschaftsmethoden – ein Methodenset zur Anregungen für die Praxis auch in anderen gesellschaftlichen Kontexten. Has modernity killed “community”? What is the social dimension of sustainability and why is community relevant for it? After discussing sociological theories and Communitarian efforts the author generates criteria of sustainable living from contemporary research. For empirical study worthwhile communities were selected according to the criteria. Do intentional communities offer realistic solutions to the ecological, social and economic crises? Do they realize their ambitious visions? In participant observation during several week-long visits in seven intentional communities (mainly in Germany) the cases were specified as “living laboratories” of communal and ecological living. The most innovative methods in sustainable living combining individual freedom and communal cooperation were identified and described in the areas of membership governance, decision making, and communication to show transferrable methods to other communities and groups.

Published
2014

27. Impact of Backsheet on Interconnector and Cell Breakage in PV Laminates under Mechanical Loads

Author

Haase, F., Käsewieter, J., Winter, R., Blankemeyer, S., Morlier, A., Kunze, I., and Köntges, M.

Subjects
PV Modules, OPERATIONS, PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAICS (from Cells to Systems)
Abstract

29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2477-2483, We investigate the impact of the backsheet on cell interconnect ribbon and cell breakage in PV laminates. Standard sized laminates with and without a backsheet are mechanically loaded in a 4 line bending setup. We detect cracks in cells and cell interconnect ribbons by electroluminescence and measure cell crack widths and cell gap widths on photographs taken during the loading. Crack and gap widths increase with increasing bending. In the laminate without a backsheet the crack and gap widths increase by a factor of 1.7 to 3 more. The backsheet is under tensile stress which is partly transferred to the cells keeping the cell and gap widths smaller. Since the crack resistance increases with increasing crack width, insulated cell parts can occur at lower laminate loading in the laminate without a backsheet. A larger change in cell gap width causes more plastic deformation of the cell interconnect ribbon which leads to fatigue breakage after repeated load cycles. After the corrosion of the broken interface of the cell interconnect ribbon, the laminates show a reduction in module efficiency of 10.3 % (without backsheet) and of 2.2 % (with backsheet). This result emphasizes the importance of the mechanical properties of the backsheet.

Published
2014
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28. Influence of the Curing State of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate on Photovoltaic Modules Aging

Author

Morlier, A., Klotz, S., Sczuka, S., Kunze, I., Schaumann, I., Blankemeyer, S., Siegert, M., Döring, T., Alshuth, T., Giese, U., Denz, M., and Köntges, M.

Subjects
COMPONENTS FOR PV SYSTEMS, PV Modules
Abstract

28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2832-2837, We investigate the composition of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) PV-module encapsulation materials with different degrees of crosslinking and its influence on the module performance degradation. To do so, 0%, 50% and 90% cured samples consisting out of 5 EVA compounds are prepared and the volatile additives they contain are extracted and characterized. The stability towards oxidation of each material and each curing state is evaluated and is shown to be depending on the material composition, with lower stabilities found for materials with high amounts of curing agents such as peroxides and coactivators. In a second step, 0%, 50% and 90% cured laboratory scale laminates with 2 solar cells each are prepared with 4 different EVA materials. These modules are then tested under damp-heat conditions (85°C, 85% humidity) up to 2000 h or under UV irradiation at 60°C and their electrical performances are periodically measured. The degradation of the material is monitored by measuring its fluorescence intensity over time and the chemical composition of materials samples extracted during and after ageing is investigated. These experiments show that the 0% cured material is faster degraded than the 50% and 90% cured ones. Nevertheless, the decrease of the module performance over testing time does not differ from a curing state to the other.

Published
2013
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29. Cells Cracks Measured by UV Fluorescence in the Field

Author

Köntges, M., Kajari-Schröder, S., and Kunze, I.

Subjects
PV Modules, Components for PV Systems
Abstract

27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3033-3040, We use the fluorescence effect of the lamination material of PV modules to detect cracks in waferbased solar cells in a power plant. For this purpose the PV modules are irradiated by UV light and the fluorescence light is measured by a camera. The measurement is realized in the dark. This new application of the fluorescence method allows new insight to cracks of a huge amount of PV modules during service life without remounting or touching the PV modules. We found that the frequency distribution of so-called “cross cracks” are almost homogenous in the PV modules. These cracks are frequently induced by crumbs or needle-shaped production equipment and not introduced after production. We show that the measured distribution of “cross cracks” in the PV modules fits to the binominal frequency distribution, as it is expected for production induced cell failures. The measured crack frequency distribution for other crack types is compared to a finite element simulation of a simplified PV module. We find that the lateral crack distribution correlates with the simulated strain distribution induced by module vibrations. In total we found that 4.1% of the solar cells in the PV modules show at least one crack.

Published
2012
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30. Bildet Gemeinschaften - oder geht unter!:Eine Untersuchung selbstverwalteter, subsistenter Gemeinschaftsprojekte und Ökodörfer in Deutschland – Modelle für eine zukunftsfähige Lebensweise?

Author

Kunze, I. (Iris) and Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster

Subjects
Earth sciences of Europe, Earth sciences, Social sciences, Anthropology, ddc:550, ddc:300, ddc:554, Nachhaltigkeit, Lebensweise, Gemeinschaft, intentionale Gemeinschaften, Selbstverwaltung, Subsistenz, teilnehmende Beobachtung
Abstract

Nach theoretischen Vorüberlegungen, was nachhaltige Lebensweise ausmacht, lag der Fokus auf Selbstversorgung und Selbstverwaltung unter Verwendung des Subsistenzansatzes und systemtheoretischer Betrachtungsweise. Daraus abgeleitete Kriterien führten im empirischen Teil zu Intentionalen Gemeinschaften, die nachhaltige Lebensweisen erproben. Erstens wurden mittels eines Auswahlverfahrens mit quantitativen Daten aus dem „Eurotopia“ zwei Projekte ausgewählt: das Ökodorf Sieben Linden und die Kommune Niederkaufungen. Zweitens wurden deren Selbstversorgung und Entscheidungsstrukturen mit teilnehmender Beobachtung, Feldforschung und Interviews erforscht. Im Fazit werden die gemeinschaftlichen Praktiken und die gesellschaftliche Wirkung der Projekte reflektiert. Die Spannung zwischen Ideal und Umsetzung zeigte die Projekte weniger als Prototypen, sondern als Experimente, die ein innovatives Feld für nachhaltige Lebensweise kreieren.

Published
2011

31. Crack Statistic of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules

Author

Köntges, M., Kajari-Schröder, S., Kunze, I., and Jahn, U.

Subjects
PV Modules, Components for PV Systems
Abstract

26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3290-3294, Solar cell cracks in wafer based silicon solar modules are a well-known problem. In order to identify the origin of cracks and thus lay the foundation for the inhibition of crack formation, we provide for the first time a statistic crack distribution in photovoltaic (PV) modules. We evaluate electroluminescence images of PV modules tested at the ISFH with respect to cracks. The results of the static load test and the “as delivered” PV modules are compared. Additionally we perform a simulation of the strain distribution on a glass plate subjected to a uniform mechanical load and supported at the edges, which is used as a measure for the relative mechanical load on the individual cells. The measured crack distribution correlates well with the stress distribution calculated by the simulation. “As delivered” PV modules show an average of 6% of broken cells per PV module. The analysis of the spatial distribution and orientation of micro cracks in PV modules offers valuable insight into the causes of micro cracks if the PV module is subject to a uniform mechanical load. It lays the foundation for PV module developments that reduce the risk of cracks, as well as for statistical power loss assessment.

Published
2011
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32. Quantifying the Risk of Power Loss in PV Modules Due to Micro Cracks

Author

Köntges, M., Kunze, I., Kajari-Schröder, S., Breitenmoser, X., and Bjørneklett, B.

Subjects
PV Modules, Components for PV Systems
Abstract

25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3745-3752, Micro cracks in wafer based silicon solar cell modules are nowadays identified by a human observer with the electroluminescence (EL) method. However, the essential question of how the micro cracks affect the PV module performance has yet to be answered. We experimentally analyze the direct impact of micro cracks on the module power and the consequences after artificial aging. We show that the immediate effect of micro cracks on the module power is small, whereas the presence of micro cracks is potentially crucial for the performance of the module after artificial ageing. This confirms the necessity to develop the means of quantifying the risk of power loss in PV modules with cracked solar cells in their lifetime, in order to enable manufacturers to discard defective modules with high risk of failure while keeping modules with uncritical micro cracks. As a first step towards a risk estimation we develop an upper bound for the potential power loss of PV modules due to micro cracks in the solar cells. This is done by simulating the impact of inactive solar cell fragments on the power of a common PV module type and PV array. We show that the largest inactive cell area of a double string protected by a bypass diode is most relevant for the power loss of the PV module. A solar cell with micro cracks, which separate a part of less than 8% of the cell area, results in no power loss in a PV module or a PV module array for all practical cases. In between approximately 12% to 50% of inactive area of a single cell in the PV module the power loss increases nearly linearly from zero to the power of one double string.

Published
2010
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