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1. Forêts de montagne et changement climatique : impacts et adaptations

Author

LABONNE, Sophie, CORDONNIER, Thomas, and KUNSTLER, Georges

Subjects
changement climatique, impact sur l'environnement, forêt de montagne, stratégie adaptative, aménagement du territoire, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Les impacts du changement climatique sur les forêts de montagne sont déjà perceptibles et les prévisions nous montrent, par leurs contradictions, la complexité des phénomènes en jeu. Cette étude bibliographique a comme objectif de caractériser les principaux effets du changement climatique, principalement dans les forêts alpines, puis de présenter différentes options d’adaptation devant permettre de conserver les services actuellement fournis par la forêt. Cette analyse porte notamment sur l'épicéa, le sapin et le hêtre, essences dominantes dans les Alpes françaises.

Published
2019

2. Forêts de montagne et changement climatique : impacts et adaptation

Author

LABONNE, Sophie, CORDONNIER, Thomas, and KUNSTLER, Georges

Subjects
FORET DE MONTAGNE, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, ADAPTATION, IMPACTS, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Les impacts du changement climatique sur les forêts de montagne sont déjà perceptibles et les prévisions nous montrent, par leurs contradictions, la complexité des phénomènes en jeu. L’objectif de cette étude bibliographique est d’abord de caractériser les principaux effets du changement climatique, principalement dans les forêts alpines, puis de présenter différentes options d’adaptation devant permettre de conserver les services actuellement fournis par la forêt. L’épicéa, le sapin et le hêtre, dominants dans les Alpes françaises, y sont privilégiés.

Published
2018

6. Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees

Author

Bogdziewicz, Michal, Acuña, Marie‐Claire Aravena, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Brveiller, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, J Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, Andrea, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Farfan‐Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kunstler, Georges, Kobe, Richard, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Perez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Šamonil, Pavel, Holik, Jan, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Shibata, Mitsue, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Straub, Jacob N, Sun, I‐Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Whitham, Thomas G, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Zywiec, Magdalna, and Clark, James S

Subjects
fecundity, functional traits, leaf economics, life history strategies, size syndrome, tree recruitment, Ecology
Published
2023

7. Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients

Author

Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, J. Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, Andrea, Das, Adrian J., Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine A., Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Holik, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Lefevre, Francois, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macias, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot J. B., Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M., Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgorski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco, Samonil, Pavel, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Scher, C. Lane, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, Mitsue, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S.

Published
2023
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8. Globally, tree fecundity exceeds productivity gradients

Author

Journé, Valentin, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie‐Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, Francois, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J, Farfan‐Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kays, Roland, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S, Perez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton‐Kamakura, Renata, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Rodriguez‐Sanchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Straub, Jacob N, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Zlotin, Roman, Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Regenerative Medicine, Biodiversity, Climate, Fertility, Forests, Seeds, Trees, climate, competition, forest regeneration, seed consumption, species interactions, tree fecundity, Ecological Applications, Evolutionary Biology, Ecological applications, Environmental management
Abstract

Lack of tree fecundity data across climatic gradients precludes the analysis of how seed supply contributes to global variation in forest regeneration and biotic interactions responsible for biodiversity. A global synthesis of raw seedproduction data shows a 250-fold increase in seed abundance from cold-dry to warm-wet climates, driven primarily by a 100-fold increase in seed production for a given tree size. The modest (threefold) increase in forest productivity across the same climate gradient cannot explain the magnitudes of these trends. The increase in seeds per tree can arise from adaptive evolution driven by intense species interactions or from the direct effects of a warm, moist climate on tree fecundity. Either way, the massive differences in seed supply ramify through food webs potentially explaining a disproportionate role for species interactions in the wet tropics.

Published
2022

9. North American tree migration paced by climate in the West, lagging in the East

Author

Sharma, Shubhi, Andrus, Robert, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Bragg, Don C, Brockway, Dale, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Das, Adrian J, Dietze, Michael, Fahey, Timothy J, Franklin, Jerry F, Gilbert, Gregory S, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Kilner, Christopher L, Knops, Johannes MH, Koenig, Walter D, Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Macias, Diana, Moran, Emily, Myers, Jonathan A, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Woodall, Christopher W, Zlotin, Roman, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Climate Action, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Fertility, Geography, North America, Trees, Uncertainty, climate change, forest regeneration, seed production, tree migration
Abstract

Tree fecundity and recruitment have not yet been quantified at scales needed to anticipate biogeographic shifts in response to climate change. By separating their responses, this study shows coherence across species and communities, offering the strongest support to date that migration is in progress with regional limitations on rates. The southeastern continent emerges as a fecundity hotspot, but it is situated south of population centers where high seed production could contribute to poleward population spread. By contrast, seedling success is highest in the West and North, serving to partially offset limited seed production near poleward frontiers. The evidence of fecundity and recruitment control on tree migration can inform conservation planning for the expected long-term disequilibrium between climate and forest distribution.

Published
2022

10. Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery

Author

Qiu, Tong, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Bragg, Don C, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, Francois, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep, Fahey, Timothy J, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hille Ris Lambers, Janneke, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Journé, Valentin, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kilner, Christopher L, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefevre, Francois, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S, Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Schmidt Van Marle, Harald, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Straub, Jacob N, Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, and Zimmerman, Jess K

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Contraception/Reproduction, Fertility, Forests, Reproduction, Seeds, Trees
Abstract

The relationships that control seed production in trees are fundamental to understanding the evolution of forest species and their capacity to recover from increasing losses to drought, fire, and harvest. A synthesis of fecundity data from 714 species worldwide allowed us to examine hypotheses that are central to quantifying reproduction, a foundation for assessing fitness in forest trees. Four major findings emerged. First, seed production is not constrained by a strict trade-off between seed size and numbers. Instead, seed numbers vary over ten orders of magnitude, with species that invest in large seeds producing more seeds than expected from the 1:1 trade-off. Second, gymnosperms have lower seed production than angiosperms, potentially due to their extra investments in protective woody cones. Third, nutrient-demanding species, indicated by high foliar phosphorus concentrations, have low seed production. Finally, sensitivity of individual species to soil fertility varies widely, limiting the response of community seed production to fertility gradients. In combination, these findings can inform models of forest response that need to incorporate reproductive potential.

Published
2022

11. Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence

Author

Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Clark, Connie J, Courbaud, Benoit, Delzon, Sylvain, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Journé, Valentin, Kilner, Christopher L, Kobe, Richard K, Koenig, Walter D, Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lutz, James A, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Nuñez, Chase L, Pearse, Ian S, Piechnik, Łukasz, Poulsen, John R, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Żywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Fertility, Forests, Models, Biological, Regeneration, Trees, tree fecundity, tree senescence, tree life history, allometric scaling, crown architecture
Abstract

Despite its importance for forest regeneration, food webs, and human economies, changes in tree fecundity with tree size and age remain largely unknown. The allometric increase with tree diameter assumed in ecological models would substantially overestimate seed contributions from large trees if fecundity eventually declines with size. Current estimates are dominated by overrepresentation of small trees in regression models. We combined global fecundity data, including a substantial representation of large trees. We compared size-fecundity relationships against traditional allometric scaling with diameter and two models based on crown architecture. All allometric models fail to describe the declining rate of increase in fecundity with diameter found for 80% of 597 species in our analysis. The strong evidence of declining fecundity, beyond what can be explained by crown architectural change, is consistent with physiological decline. A downward revision of projected fecundity of large trees can improve the next generation of forest dynamic models.

Published
2021

13. Continent-wide tree fecundity driven by indirect climate effects.

Author

Clark, James S, Andrus, Robert, Aubry-Kientz, Melaine, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Bragg, Don C, Brockway, Dale, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Cohen, Susan, Courbaud, Benoit, Daley, Robert, Das, Adrian J, Dietze, Michael, Fahey, Timothy J, Fer, Istem, Franklin, Jerry F, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill, Kilner, Christopher L, Knops, Johannes, Koenig, Walter D, Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Legg, Kristin L, Luongo, Jordan, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Messaoud, Yassine, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Myers, Jonathan A, Myers, Orrin B, Nunez, Chase, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Sam, Pearson, Scott, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Ready, Ethan, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Schwantes, Amanda M, Shanahan, Erin, Sharma, Shubhi, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Zhu, Kai, and Zlotin, Roman

Subjects
Trees, Seasons, Fertility, Geography, Models, Theoretical, North America, Climate Change, Models, Theoretical
Abstract

Indirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth (climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests. Trends in species abundances predicted from meta-analyses and species distribution models will be misleading if they depend on the conditions of individuals. Here we find from a synthesis of tree species in North America that climate-condition interactions dominate responses through two pathways, i) effects of growth that depend on climate, and ii) effects of climate that depend on tree size. Because tree fecundity first increases and then declines with size, climate change that stimulates growth promotes a shift of small trees to more fecund sizes, but the opposite can be true for large sizes. Change the depresses growth also affects fecundity. We find a biogeographic divide, with these interactions reducing fecundity in the West and increasing it in the East. Continental-scale responses of these forests are thus driven largely by indirect effects, recommending management for climate change that considers multiple demographic rates.

Published
2021

14. Relative decline in density of Northern Hemisphere tree species in warm and arid regions of their climate niches.

Author

Astigarraga, Julen, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Ruiz-Benito, Paloma, Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Zavala, Miguel A., Vilà-Cabrera, Albert, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Kunstler, Georges, Woodall, Christopher W., Cienciala, Emil, Dahlgren, Jonas, Govaere, Leen, König, Louis A., Lehtonen, Aleksi, Talarczyk, Andrzej, Daijun Liu, and Pugh, Thomas A. M.

Subjects
ARID regions climate, SPECIFIC gravity, FOREST conservation, FOREST density, FOREST policy, TIMBER, MOWING
Abstract

Although climate change is expected to drive tree species toward colder and wetter regions of their distribution, broadscale empirical evidence is lacking. One possibility is that past and present human activities in forests obscure or alter the effects of climate. Here, using data from more than two million monitored trees from 73 widely distributed species, we quantify changes in tree species density within their climatic niches across Northern Hemisphere forests. We observe a reduction in mean density across species, coupled with a tendency toward increasing tree size. However, the direction and magnitude of changes in density exhibit considerable variability between species, influenced by stand development that results from previous stand-level disturbances. Remarkably, when accounting for stand development, our findings show a significant change in density toward cold and wet climatic conditions for 43% of the species, compared to only 14% of species significantly changing their density toward warm and arid conditions in both early-and late-development stands. The observed changes in climate-driven density showed no clear association with species traits related to drought tolerance, recruitment and dispersal capacity, or resource use, nor with the temperature or aridity affiliation of the species, leaving the underlying mechanism uncertain. Forest conservation policies and associated management strategies might want to consider anticipated long-term species range shifts alongside the integration of contemporary within-distribution density changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Rethinking the role of intraspecific variability in species coexistence

Author

Girard-Tercieux, Camille, primary, Maréchaux, Isabelle, additional, Clark, Adam, additional, Clark, James, additional, Courbaud, Benoit, additional, Fortunel, Claire, additional, Guillemot, Joannes, additional, Kunstler, Georges, additional, Maire, Guerric Le, additional, Pelissier, Raphael, additional, Rüger, Nadja, additional, and Vieilledent, Ghislain, additional

Published
2024
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16. Widespread breakdown in masting in European beech due to rising summer temperatures.

Author

Foest, Jessie J., Bogdziewicz, Michał, Pesendorfer, Mario B., Ascoli, Davide, Cutini, Andrea, Nussbaumer, Anita, Verstraeten, Arne, Beudert, Burkhard, Chianucci, Francesco, Mezzavilla, Francesco, Gratzer, Georg, Kunstler, Georges, Meesenburg, Henning, Wagner, Markus, Mund, Martina, Cools, Nathalie, Vacek, Stanislav, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Vacek, Zdeněk, and Hacket‐Pain, Andrew

Subjects
EUROPEAN beech, SEED crops, SEED viability, SEED industry, GRANIVORES, SEEDS, BEECH
Abstract

Climate change effects on tree reproduction are poorly understood, even though the resilience of populations relies on sufficient regeneration to balance increasing rates of mortality. Forest‐forming tree species often mast, i.e. reproduce through synchronised year‐to‐year variation in seed production, which improves pollination and reduces seed predation. Recent observations in European beech show, however, that current climate change can dampen interannual variation and synchrony of seed production and that this masting breakdown drastically reduces the viability of seed crops. Importantly, it is unclear under which conditions masting breakdown occurs and how widespread breakdown is in this pan‐European species. Here, we analysed 50 long‐term datasets of population‐level seed production, sampled across the distribution of European beech, and identified increasing summer temperatures as the general driver of masting breakdown. Specifically, increases in site‐specific mean maximum temperatures during June and July were observed across most of the species range, while the interannual variability of population‐level seed production (CVp) decreased. The declines in CVp were greatest, where temperatures increased most rapidly. Additionally, the occurrence of crop failures and low seed years has decreased during the last four decades, signalling altered starvation effects of masting on seed predators. Notably, CVp did not vary among sites according to site mean summer temperature. Instead, masting breakdown occurs in response to warming local temperatures (i.e. increasing relative temperatures), such that the risk is not restricted to populations growing in warm average conditions. As lowered CVp can reduce viable seed production despite the overall increase in seed count, our results warn that a covert mechanism is underway that may hinder the regeneration potential of European beech under climate change, with great potential to alter forest functioning and community dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Author Correction: Continent-wide tree fecundity driven by indirect climate effects

Author

Clark, James S., Andrus, Robert, Aubry-Kientz, Melaine, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Bragg, Don C., Brockway, Dale, Cleavitt, Natalie L., Cohen, Susan, Courbaud, Benoit, Daley, Robert, Das, Adrian J., Dietze, Michael, Fahey, Timothy J., Fer, Istem, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine A., Gilbert, Gregory S., Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guo, Qinfeng, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill, Kilner, Christopher L., Knops, Johannes, Koenig, Walter D., Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M., Legg, Kristin L., Luongo, Jordan, Lutz, James A., Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J. B., Messaoud, Yassine, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Myers, Jonathan A., Myers, Orrin B., Nunez, Chase, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Sam, Pearson, Scott, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Ready, Ethan, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Scher, C. Lane, Schlesinger, William H., Schwantes, Amanda M., Shanahan, Erin, Sharma, Shubhi, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Swift, Margaret, Veblen, Thomas T., Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Zhu, Kai, and Zlotin, Roman

Published
2021
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20. Forest storm resilience depends on the interplay between functional composition and climate—Insights from European‐scale simulations.

Author

Barrere, Julien, Reineking, Björn, Jaunatre, Maxime, and Kunstler, Georges

Subjects
FOREST resilience, FOREST productivity, TREE mortality, STORMS, FOREST surveys, FOREST biodiversity
Abstract

Tree species composition is known to influence forest productivity, but its effect on forest resilience to disturbances such as storms remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, climate is likely to influence forest resilience directly but also to influence the effect of tree species composition on resilience. In Europe, storm‐induced tree mortality is currently increasing across all climatic biomes. Understanding the drivers of forest resilience to storms and its consistency across climates appears to be crucial for predicting the consequences of climate change for European forests.In this study, we used a simulation approach with an integral projection model calibrated with National Forest Inventory (NFI) data at the European scale. We restricted our simulations to tree species assemblages observed in the NFI data, covering a species diversity gradient nested within a climate gradient. We quantified functional diversity and the mean position of each species assemblage at equilibrium on two functional axis: (i) conservative versus fast growing and (ii) low versus high recruitment. We disturbed each species assemblage from equilibrium using species‐specific storm disturbance mortality probabilities and quantified the assemblages' resistance (inverse of immediate basal area loss), recovery (slope of post‐disturbance increase in basal area) and resilience (inverse of the cumulative deviation of basal area from the undisturbed state).We found that on average, species‐rich assemblages had higher recovery and resilience to storm disturbance, while functional diversity improved resistance and recovery. When analysing how this effect varied with climate, we found that diversity significantly increased resistance and resilience in the climatic margins only. Finally, we found that storm resilience was also driven by species mean position along both functional axes. In particular, the conservative‐productive axis had an effect two to three times greater than diversity: forests dominated by conservative species were more resistant and resilient, but had lower recovery than species assemblages dominated by fast‐growing species.Taken together, these results show that climate and tree species composition interact to control the ability of forests to resist and recover from a storm disturbance through both direct and indirect effects. As such, our findings should help to better anticipate climate change consequences for forest ecosystems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Understanding Europe’s forest harvesting regimes

Author

Suvanto, Susanne, primary, Esquivel Muelbert, Adriane, additional, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, additional, Astigarraga, Julen, additional, Astrup, Rasmus, additional, Cienciala, Emil, additional, Fridman, Jonas, additional, Henttonen, Helena, additional, Kunstler, Georges, additional, Kändler, Gerald, additional, König, Louis, additional, Ruiz-Benito, Paloma, additional, Senf, Cornelius, additional, Stadelmann, Golo, additional, Starcevic, Ajdin, additional, Talarczyk, Andrzej, additional, Zavala, Miguel, additional, and Pugh, Thomas, additional

Published
2023
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26. How to measure mast seeding?

Author

Bogdziewicz, Michal, primary, Calama, Rafael, additional, Courbaud, Benoit, additional, Espelta, Josep M., additional, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, additional, Journé, Valentin, additional, Kunstler, Georges, additional, Steele, Michael, additional, Qiu, Tong, additional, Zywiec, Magdalena, additional, and Clark, James S., additional

Published
2023
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28. Climate-driven variations in functional strategies of temperate forest ecosystems

Author

Liu, Daijun, primary, Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, additional, Fridman, Jonas, additional, Benito Paloma, Ruiz, additional, Miguel Ángel, Zavala Girones, additional, Astigarraga, Julen, additional, Susanne, Suvanto, additional, Talarczyk, Andrzej, additional, Cienciala, Emil, additional, Kunstler, Georges, additional, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, additional, Sadler, Jon, additional, Matthews, Tom, additional, Woodall, Chris, additional, Acil, Nezha, additional, Zhang, Chao, additional, and Pugh, Thomas, additional

Published
2023
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32. Xylem functional trait trade-offs and tree species responses to drought and cold stresses in NA and EU forests

Author

Larter, Maximilian, Touzot, Laura, Baranger, Anne, Payne, Cayley, Capdeville, Gaelle, Cordonnier, Thomas, Charrier, Guillaume, Delzon, Sylvain, Kunstler, Georges, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Charrier, Guillaume

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.EE.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

35. Beyond variance: simple random distributions are not a good proxy for intraspecific variability in systems with environmental structure

Author

Girard-Tercieux, Camille, primary, Vieilledent, Ghislain, additional, Clark, Adam, additional, Clark, James S., additional, Courbaud, Benoit, additional, Fortunel, Claire, additional, Kunstler, Georges, additional, Pélissier, Raphaël, additional, Rüger, Nadja, additional, and Maréchaux, Isabelle, additional

Published
2022
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39. Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition

Author

Kunstler, Georges, Falster, Daniel, Coomes, David A., Hui, Francis, Kooyman, Robert M., Laughlin, Daniel C., Poorter, Lourens, Vanderwel, Mark, Vieilledent, Ghislain, Wright, S. Joseph, Aiba, Masahiro, Baraloto, Christopher, Caspersen, John, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Hanewinkel, Marc, Herault, Bruno, Kattge, Jens, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Onoda, Yusuke, Peñuelas, Josep, Poorter, Hendrik, Uriarte, Maria, Richardson, Sarah, Ruiz-Benito, Paloma, Sun, I-Fang, Ståhl, Göran, Swenson, Nathan G., Thompson, Jill, Westerlund, Bertil, Wirth, Christian, Zavala, Miguel A., Zeng, Hongcheng, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zimmermann, Niklaus E., and Westoby, Mark

Published
2016
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41. Author response for 'Globally, tree fecundity exceeds productivity gradients'

Author

null Journe, Valentin, null Andrus, Robert, null Aravena, Marie-Claire, null Ascoli, Davide, null Berretti, Roberta, null Berveiller, Daniel, null Bogdziewicz, Michal, null Boivin, Thomas, null Bonal, Raul, null Caignard, Thomas, null Calama, Rafael, null Julio Camarero, Jesus, null Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, null Courbaud, Benoit, null Courbet, Francois, null Curt, Thomas, null Das, Adrian J., null Daskalakou, Evangelia, null Davi, Hendrik, null Delpierre, Nicolas, null Delzon, Sylvain, null Dietze, Michael, null Donoso Calderon, Sergio, null Dormont, Laurent, null Maria Espelta, Josep, null Fahey, Timothy J., null Farfan-Rios, William, null Gehring, Catherine A., null Gilbert, Gregory S., null Gratzer, Georg, null Greenberg, Cathryn H., null Guo, Qinfeng, null Hacket-Pain, Andrew, null Hampe, Arndt, null Han, Qingmin, null Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, null Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, null Ibanez, Ines, null Johnstone, Jill F., null Kabeya, Daisuke, null Kays, Roland, null Kitzberger, Thomas, null Knops, Johannes M. H., null Kobe, Richard K., null Kunstler, Georges, null Lageard, Jonathan G. A., null LaMontagne, Jalene M., null Leininger, Theodor, null Limousin, Jean-Marc, null Lutz, James A., null Macias, Diana, null McIntire, Eliot J. B., null Moore, Christopher M., null Moran, Emily, null Motta, Renzo, null Myers, Jonathan A., null Nagel, Thomas A., null Noguchi, Kyotaro, null Ourcival, Jean-Marc, null Parmenter, Robert, null Pearse, Ian S., null Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M., null Piechnik, Lukasz, null Poulsen, John, null Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, null Qiu, Tong, null Redmond, Miranda D., null Reid, Chantal D., null Rodman, Kyle C., null Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco, null Sanguinetti, Javier D., null Scher, C. Lane, null Schmidt Van Marle, Harald, null Seget, Barbara, null Sharma, Shubhi, null Silman, Miles, null Steele, Michael A., null Stephenson, Nathan L., null Straub, Jacob N., null Swenson, Jennifer J., null Swift, Margaret, null Thomas, Peter A., null Uriarte, Maria, null Vacchiano, Giorgio, null Veblen, Thomas T., null Whipple, Amy, V, null Whitham, Thomas G., null Wright, Boyd, null Wright, S. Joseph, null Zhu, Kai, null Zimmerman, Jess K., null Zlotin, Roman, null Zywiec, Magdalena, and null Clark, James S.

Published
2022

49. Facilitation in Plant Communities: The Past, the Present, and the Future

Author

Brooker, Rob W., Maestre, Fernando T., Callaway, Ragan M., Lortie, Christopher L., Cavieres, Lohengrin A., Kunstler, Georges, Liancourt, Pierre, Tielbörger, Katja, Travis, Justin M. J., Anthelme, Fabien, Armas, Cristina, Coll, Lluis, Corcket, Emmanuel, Delzon, Sylvain, Forey, Estelle, Kikvidze, Zaal, Olofsson, Johan, Pugnaire, Francisco, Quiroz, Constanza L., Saccone, Patrick, Schiffers, Katja, Seifan, Merav, Touzard, Blaise, and Michalet, Richard

Published
2008
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