Search

1,1,4,4-Tetramethyl-2-tetrazene (TMTZ), a potential candidate for replacing 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), has excellent properties including a high specific impulse, non-toxicity and non-volatility. However, most synthetic methods depicted in the literature use stoichiometric oxidative coupling, and the oxidizing agents are usually heavy metals or halogens, leading to low synthetic efficiency and high environmental pollution. In order to overcome these problems, it is necessary to explore more environmentally friendly and catalytic synthetic methods. In this paper, a method of photocatalytic oxidative coupling for the preparation of TMTZ was reported for the first time. By using an organic photocatalyst Eosin Y, TMTZ was synthesized rapidly and efficiently. The thermal decomposition properties of TMTZ were studied, and different performance characteristics between TMTZ and UDMH were determined and analyzed, which provided a basis for the application of TMTZ based new liquid propellant.

The additional carbon centers in 1,3-diazinane and 1,3-oxazinane enable them to covalently bonded geminal-explosophoric groups, leading to unique energetic properties when compared with their homologous energetic structure like RDX. In this paper, a concise synthesis and comparative studies towards 1,3,5-(trinitro1,3-diazinane-5-yl) methyl nitrate and (3,5-dinitro-1,3-oxazinan-5-yl) methyl nitrate (TNOP), two energetic 1,3-diazinane/1,3-oxazinane based promising explosive molecules, are reported. The new germinal nitro/nitroxy explosophoric moieties in the 1,3-diazinane and 1,3-oxazinane frameworks lead to novel structural and energetic properties, which have been investigated through both experimental and computational methods. Densities of the obtained compounds are 1.83 g·cm−3 and 1.72 g·cm−3, respectively, along with the detonation velocities of 8714 m·s−1 and 8112 m·s−1. The energetic properties of TNNP are comparable to those of RDX. Meanwhile, the low melting point (105 °C) and excellent insensitivity (IS﹥60 J, FS﹥360 N) of TNOP make it an ideal material for the preparation of melt-cast explosives.

An I2O5-mediated decarboxylative and decarbonylative bromination/iodination of electron-rich arenecarboxylic acids and aryl aldehydes by using KBr/KI as the halogen source in water has been developed. This scalable, low-cost, and transition-metal-free halogenation allows convenient access to aryl bromide and iodide under mild conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]