1. Skin-integrated wireless haptic interfaces for virtual and augmented reality
- Author
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Changxing Zhang, Xinge Yu, Bong Hoon Kim, Rujie Sun, Yong Joon Yu, Yang Yu, Aditya Chempakasseril, Abraham Vázquez-Guardado, Xue Feng, Zhaoqian Xie, Jingyue Cao, Yishan Zhong, Bowen Ji, Xin Ning, Qingze Huo, Haiwen Luan, Jungyup Lee, Philipp Gutruf, Peilin Tian, Jasper Ruban, Yiming Liu, Aadeel Akhtar, Qinglei Guo, Yonggang Huang, Wei Lu, Ji Yoon Jeong, Yeguang Xue, Kun Hyuk Lee, Dengfeng Li, Seung Yeop Kim, Chee Sim Tan, John A. Rogers, Chan Mi Lee, and Jesse Cornman
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Interface (computing) ,Robotics ,02 engineering and technology ,Virtual reality ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Human–computer interaction ,Wireless ,Augmented reality ,Loudspeaker ,Artificial intelligence ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Communication channel ,Haptic technology - Abstract
Traditional technologies for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) create human experiences through visual and auditory stimuli that replicate sensations associated with the physical world. The most widespread VR and AR systems use head-mounted displays, accelerometers and loudspeakers as the basis for three-dimensional, computer-generated environments that can exist in isolation or as overlays on actual scenery. In comparison to the eyes and the ears, the skin is a relatively underexplored sensory interface for VR and AR technology that could, nevertheless, greatly enhance experiences at a qualitative level, with direct relevance in areas such as communications, entertainment and medicine1,2. Here we present a wireless, battery-free platform of electronic systems and haptic (that is, touch-based) interfaces capable of softly laminating onto the curved surfaces of the skin to communicate information via spatio-temporally programmable patterns of localized mechanical vibrations. We describe the materials, device structures, power delivery strategies and communication schemes that serve as the foundations for such platforms. The resulting technology creates many opportunities for use where the skin provides an electronically programmable communication and sensory input channel to the body, as demonstrated through applications in social media and personal engagement, prosthetic control and feedback, and gaming and entertainment. Interfaces for epidermal virtual reality technology are demonstrated that can communicate by programmable patterns of localized mechanical vibrations.
- Published
- 2019
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