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Conjoined twins are a rare outcome of conception associated with numerous anomalies involving multiple organ systems. Musculoskeletal abnormalities like vertebral anomalies, sacral agenesis, foot deformities and hip dysplasia have been described in literature. We describe two cases of pyopagus twins with congenital talipes equinovarus and congenital vertical talus deformity which have not been described previously in this type of conjoined twins. The orthopaedist should look actively for such deformities in this patient population and be wary of the difficulties associated with their management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite patients demonstrating significant short-term clinical improvement from a hip arthroscopy (HA), a number of patients progress to significant osteoarthritis of the hip requiring total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aims to evaluate if there is any difference in the functional outcome of patients undergoing THA after a previous hip arthroscopy compared to patients undergoing THA for primary osteoarthritis of the hip. Methods: Between 2010 and 2013, in a group of 414 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy, we identified 18 patients who underwent a subsequent uncemented THA. These formed the study group. During the same period, 625 patients underwent an uncemented THA performed for primary OA, of which 63 patients were matched to the study group for age, follow-up and implants used. These formed the control group. Pre-op and post-op Oxford Hip Scores (OHS) were recorded for all patients. Results: A mean follow-up of 26.5 and 26.3 months was observed in the study and control groups respectively. The median (interquartile ranges) preoperative OHS were 14 (8.25, 17.0) and 18.5 (13.25, 24.75) in the 2 groups. Corresponding postoperative scores were 40 (31.25, 45) and 46 (43, 48). Median difference between the preoperative and postoperative OHS was 27 (19, 31) and 25 (18.25, 31). Adjusting for the pre-treatment scores, the postoperative scores in the study arm were significantly lower than for the control arm with an estimate (SE) of −0.464 (p = 0.012). Post-hoc power analysis showed that the study was sufficiently powered to detect a meaningful difference in scores. Conclusion: Total hip arthroplasty after hip arthroscopy leads to satisfactory functional outcomes. However, the functional outcome in this group is significantly worse than in a matched cohort of patients undergoing THA for osteoarthritis. There was no difference in the rate of complications between the 2 groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy (MNTI) is an uncommon tumour, predominantly occurring in head and neck, mostly maxilla, but also in skull and mandible. Although a benign lesion, it is known to recur in 15%–27% of cases, and rarely, may undergo malignant transformation. We present a case of a 5-monthold female patient, who presented with a gradually progressive swelling in the right thigh. On imaging, an osteolytic lesion was seen, involving the metadiaphysis of shaft of right femur. A biopsy was performed, on which diagnosis of MNTI was made. MNTI is rarely seen in extremities. To the best of our knowledge, only six cases have been reported in femur, the present case being the seventh. The tumour showed spontaneous regression on follow-up in our patient, which has rarely been described. A knowledge of characteristic morphology and immunohistochemistry is the key to differentiate it from other tumours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain after prosthesis implant is a common clinical problem which requires distinction of septic from aseptic causes since the treatment differs. Non-invasive imaging methods play an important role in the diagnosis. Radiolabelled ubiquicidin can be used for imaging infection by binding directly to bacterial cell wall. We describe a case of a 24-year-old man with right lower limb megaprosthesis which did not show any loosening on computed tomography (CT) but was accurately diagnosed as infected prosthesis with 68Ga-NOTA-ubiquicidin(29-41) acetate scan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Factors influencing publication of manuscripts in reputed journals have never been studied to the best of our knowledge. This study was conducted to evaluate the trend in publication within the Indian Journal of Orthopaedics (IJO). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by accessing the online database of the IJO. All the issues available online were included. Published articles were classified into one of the following thirteen categories: (i) Basic Sciences (ii) trauma (upper limb and lower limb) (iii) infections (iv) pediatric orthopedics (v) arthroplasty (vi) arthroscopy (vii) spine surgery (viii) musculoskeletal oncology (ix) hand and microvascular surgery (x) adult reconstruction (including the Ilizarov technique) (xi) general orthopedics and miscellaneous (xii) letter to editor (xiii) book review. A scatter diagram was plotted to study the individual trends. Results: A total of 2213 articles from 110 issues published between 1967 and 2014 were studied. Total number of articles per issue have increased overthe years. Publications in the fields of trauma, adult reconstruction, arthroscopy and hand and microvascular surgery have increased steadily. Arthroplasty and spine surgery have recorded dramatic increase in publication. On the other hand, publications in the rest of the fields have declined of which the greatest fall is noted in the field of musculoskeletal oncology. Conclusions: Trend in publication with the IJO has changed over years with more articles being published in arthroplasty and Spine surgery. Despite advances, publication in the field of musculoskeletal oncology has fallen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP; also called Nora's lesion) is a benign surface osteocartilaginous lesion, which is infrequently reported in world literature. The condition is classically described in the short tubular bones of hands and feet in the second and third decades of life. We present a case report of BPOP of the middle phalanx of middle finger in a 4-year-old girl. The child underwent a wide excision and remained asymptomatic at 2.5 years of follow-up. Our case report highlights the importance of suspecting Nora's lesion in a child. It also helps in delineating a differential diagnosis and discusses the management principles of this rare osteocartilaginous lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multifocal osteoid osteoma of the bone is extremely rare. We report a 25-year-old man who presented with pain in the left leg since 11 months which was partially relieved by over-the-counter analgesics. Radiograph demonstrated two lytic lesions with surrounding sclerosis along the anterior cortex of the left tibia. Three-phase Tc 99m bone and CT scans confirmed the diagnosis of multifocal osteoid osteoma. The patient underwent surgical excision followed by protected weight bearing. The patient was asymptomatic at 6 months postoperatively. Multifocal osteoid osteoma needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of multiple lytic lesions in the bone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Prognostic scores in Ewing sarcoma including baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics are necessary for pre-treatment risk stratification. In this study, we formulated and validated a prognostic model for baseline risk categorization in Ewing sarcoma., Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-institutional study was conducted on Ewing sarcoma patients treated uniformly between January 2003 and December 2018. Baseline clinical/pathological characteristics and survival outcomes were noted from medical records. The cohort was randomised into a derivation and validation cohort. A prognostic score was formulated by including independent prognostic factors from the derivation cohort by multivariable analysis. The prognostic model was validated in the validation cohort along with estimation of its predictive ability., Results: A total of 860 patients were included with 40.3% having baseline metastases. Tumor diameter >5 cm (HR 2.04; P<0.001; score 2), baseline metastases (HR 2.33; P<0.001, score 2), and total leucocyte count >11000/mm 3 (HR 1.44; P=0.015; score 1) were independent predictors of overall survival in derivation cohort and included for prognostic score calculation. Patients were categorized into low (score 0), intermediate (score 1-3) and high-risk (score 4-5) groups. Harrell's c-indexes of the model were 0.625, 0.622 and 0.624 in the derivation, validation and whole cohort respectively. The timed AUC of ROC of the prognostic score-group for 5-year survival was 0.72, 0.71 and 0.73 in the derivation, validation and whole cohort respectively., Conclusions: We have formulated and validated a prognostic score for Ewing sarcoma incorporating baseline clinical and laboratory parameters, with fair predictive ability for risk stratification and facilitating risk-adapted personalized therapy., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2022.)

Background: It has been indicated in several instances that tall stature is also an important risk factor in the development of osteosarcoma. This relationship between height and osteosarcoma is substantiated even more by the increasing evidences being put forth in the recent literature on dependence of certain tumors on the growth factors and their receptors, acting through autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. There has been no study on the Indian population that attempts to define such a relationship., Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to define relationship between height of patients and osteosarcoma at the time of diagnosis in the Indian population., Materials/methods: Retrospective data was collected from the old hospital records. Height of patients at the time of diagnosis was compared with expected height of patients of the same age with reference to the standardized growth charts provided by the Indian Academy of Paediatrics., Results: Out of 98 patients, there were 65 male and 33 female patients with M: F ratio being 1.97:1. The mean age at diagnosis was 17 (SD = 8) years with range of 5-55 years (median = 17 years). Height of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 155.18 (SD = 15.47) cm with range of 115 cm-184 cm (median = 159 cm). Overall, patients with Osteosarcoma were found to be shorter than the expected height deduced from the national growth charts. When patients were divided into two groups of those who were of growing age and those who had completed growth, results were similar., Conclusion: The observation that majority of patients with osteosarcoma in our study were stunted, is an important finding. It could be deduced from this observation that these patients are unable to mount the usual biological response to the overstimulated growth as part of tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma. This could point to a different scenario in the Indian population and more studies need to be carried out with larger number of patients to further elaborate on this observation., Competing Interests: There is no potential conflict of interest and there is nothing to disclose for all the authors., (© 2020 Delhi Orthopedic Association. All rights reserved.)