The aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence success of sonographically guided hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children. A retrospective study of patients with ileocolic intussusception who presented to our local university hospital between 2015 and 2020 was carried out. The demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory data of patients were reviewed. Data were collected from 106 patients, 7 of whom were excluded because they had contraindications for hydrostatic reduction of their intussusception. These 7 patients had primary surgery done for them. The success rate of Hydrostatic reduction was 60.6%. Univariate analysis was used to determine the effect of 14 variables on the success of the hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception. It was found that weight, age, duration of symptoms, and length of the intussusceptum were significantly greater in the group that failed hydrostatic reduction. An important correlation was found between failure of reduction of the intussusception and the position of the head of the intussusception, presence of free fluid within the peritoneum, presence of air-fluid levels, bloody defecation, vomiting, and abdominal distension. While no significant relationship was observed for sex, laboratory criteria, or mesenteric lymph node enlargement with the outcome of the reduction. Using multivariate analysis, 4 independent risk factors were identified for reduction failure: bloody defecation, duration of symptoms ≥ 24 h, length of the intussusceptum, and the presence of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. These criteria could be used as predictive value to determine the patients with high risk of failure in regard of hydrostatic reduction of intussusceptions in children. It could be used as well in a later study to design a predictive mathematical model to predict the failure of a hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception. more...