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Introduction: The master craftsmanship of Bidriware handicraft from Bidar, Karnataka is a type of encrusted metal ware. All Bidri workers share a common cultural background or descent. They use a simple and handmade tool for working, and may be exposed to various metals such as copper, silver, lead, and trace elements. Thus, the aim of the study was to access the oral and periodontal manifestations in artisans. Methodology: A total of eighty patients participated in this study. The oral hygiene index, plaque index, gingival index, Russell's periodontal index, oral habits, and wasting diseases of teeth were assessed by single group of examiners. Results: Out of the total participants, 35% had poor oral hygiene, 94% were diagnosed with moderate to severe chronic generalized gingivitis, 31% showed moderate to severe chronic generalized periodontitis, 54% were associated with tobacco consumption in the form of smoking, about 22% had history of 'paan' chewing and 'gutkha' chewing. About 36% and 59% of participants had attrition and abrasion, respectively. Conclusion: The survey among Bidri workers revealed poor oral hygiene status, they had ill-informed oral hygiene practices and most of them were suffering from periodontal disease.

Cherubism is a benign disease of bones affecting the jaws and giving a characteristic cherubic appearance to the patient. On radiography, the lesions exhibit bilateral multilocular radiolucent areas. Histopathology shows numerous multinucleated giant cells in the background of proliferating fibrous connective tissue. Cherubism can be a solitary case. The present report describe cherubism in two siblings and briefly review the literature on this subject.

Background: Hernia repair surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgical interventions worldwide, aimed at relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. Despite its prevalence, the impact on patient satisfaction and quality of life post-surgery remains a critical area of study. Methods: This study employed a prospective cohort design involving 200 patients who underwent hernia repair surgery. Data were collected preoperatively and at three months postoperatively to evaluate changes in patient satisfaction and quality of life. The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Hernia-Related Quality-of-Life Survey were utilized as the primary assessment tools. Results: The findings revealed significant improvements in both patient satisfaction and quality of life following hernia repair surgery. The majority of patients reported high levels of satisfaction with the surgical outcome and a marked improvement in their daily activities and pain levels. Conclusion: Hernia repair surgery significantly enhances patient satisfaction and quality of life. These outcomes underscore the importance of surgical intervention and provide a benchmark for patient expectations regarding hernia surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent and sociodemographic determinants of anemia, overweight, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the co-occurrence of anemia with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among a cohort of Indian adults. SUBJECT/METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of adult men (n = 3322) and nonpregnant women (n = 2895) aged 18 years and older from the third wave of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study that assessed anemia, overweight based on body mass index, and prevalence of MetS based on abdominal obesity, hypertension and blood lipid and fasting glucose measures. We examined associations of education, wealth and urbanicity with these outcomes and their co-occurrence. RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia and overweight was 40% and 29% among women, respectively, and 10% and 25% among men (P < 0.001), respectively, whereas the prevalence of MetS was the same across sexes (15%;P = 0.55). The prevalence of concurrent anemia and overweight (9%), and anemia and MetS (4.5%) was highest among women. Household wealth was positively associated with overweight and MetS across sexes (P < 0.05). Independent of household wealth, higher education was positively correlated with MetS among men (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): MetS: 1.4 (0.99, 2.0)) and negatively correlated with MetS among women (MetS: 0.54 (0.29, 0.99)). Similar sex-specific associations were observed for the co-occurrence of anemia with overweight and MetS. CONCLUSIONS: Women in this region of India may be particularly vulnerable to co-occurring anemia and cardiometabolic risk, and associated adverse health outcomes as the nutrition transition advances in India. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2016) 70, 364-372; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.177; published online 28 October 2015, INTRODUCTION Global diets have transformed markedly over the past three decades. In recent years, this nutrition transition, characterized by a convergence of diets toward increased intakes of vegetable oils, refined [...]

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Anthropometry is a simple, inexpensive method of body composition assessment, but its validity has not been examined adequately in young children. The study therefore compared the body composition estimates using anthropometry with those using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in infants and young children. METHODS: Body composition estimates using anthropometry and DXA were assessed and compared at 6, 12 and 18 months in a cohort of 137 infants enrolled at birth. RESULTS: Fat mass (FM) and body fat percent (%BF) estimates by anthropometry were lower than those using DXA. Mean differences (DXA-skinfold thickness) in FM, fat free mass (FFM) and %BF were highest at 6 months (350 g, -226 g and 4%, respectively);the differences reduced with increase in age and were lowest at 18 months (46 g, 56 g and 0%, respectively). Bland-Altman analyses showed good agreement between the FM, FFM and %BF estimates by the two methods only at 18 months. Accretion of FM and FFM during follow-up, estimated by the two methods, was significantly different, with agreement between the methods seen only for increment in FFM from 6 to 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial differences were found in the body composition estimates by anthropometry compared with DXA and also in the longitudinally assessed tissue accretion patterns by the two methods. As the body composition patterns may be influenced by the method used for body composition assessment, results of studies assessing body composition by anthropometry during infancy should be interpreted with caution. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2014) 68, 658-663; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.37; published online 19 March 2014, INTRODUCTION Although periodic measurement of weight during childhood is important for growth monitoring, it cannot differentiate between the accretion of fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) during growth. [...]