Search

Density of the copper-rich corner of the ternary Cu-Pb-Fe alloys was determined with the dilatometric method. Investigated alloys had constant copper content equal to 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 mole fraction, and varied iron concentration up to 0.1 mole fraction. A model predicting the density of ternary solution from knowledge of density of pure component and the excess of molar volume for limiting binaries is proposed.

The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of temperature on the rate of copper removal from the obtained slag from the flash direct-to-blister process by means of a carbon reducer. The slag used in this work was taken from the direct-to-blister Outokumpu flash furnace at the smelter in Głogów, and graphite penetrators were used as the slag reducers. The experiment was carried out at 1573 K, 1623 K and 1673 K. It was found that the rate of the de-coppering process of the “Głogów” slag increased with the increase of temperature.

A new method for description of thermodynamic properties of Cu-S mixtures is put forward. The basic feature of this method is the assumption that the activity coefficient of sulphur dissolved in liquid copper is equal to 1 for infinite dilute solution (γ[S] = 1 for x[S] = 0). In consequence the following relationships were established: 1. The equilibrium constant for the reaction of sulphur dissolution in liquid copper (0.5S2 (g) = [S]Cu): ln K[S]=12300/T - 5.4820 2. Non-temperature dependence of the activity coefficient of sulphur dissolved in the copper-reach liquid (Liquid I): lnγ[S] = - 18.25 · x[S] 3. The chemical potential of the sulphur dissolved in copper in infinite dilute solution: 1 μ∞[S]=12404-99.643·T J·(mol[S])-1 4. Non-temperature dependence of the activity of sulphur in Cu-S sulphur-rich liquid (Liquid II) - Fig. 6. 5. Non-temperature dependence of the activity of copper in Cu-S sulphur-rich liquid (Liquid II) - Fig. 7. 6. The equilibrium constant for the reaction of sulphur removal from liquid copper ([S]Cu + 2[O]Cu = SO2 (g)): ln K∞SO2=0.0436+17440/T+0.00208. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work reports on the development of SiGe-BiCMOS technologies for mm-wave and THz high frequency applications. We present state-of-the-art performances for different SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor (SiGe-HBT) developments as well as the evolution of complex BiCMOS technologies. With respect to different technology generations of high-speed SiGe-BiCMOS processes at IHP we discuss selected device modifications of the SiGe-HBT to achieve high frequency performances of a complex BiCMOS technology towards the 0.5 THz regime. We show the difference of high-frequency performance difference with respect to maximum achievable transit frequencies fT and oscillation frequencies fmax in comparison to RF-CMOS technologies and depict the required increase of additional process effort for the HBT-module integration for a 0.5 THz SiGe-BiCMOS technology. Moreover different high speed circuits are presented like broadband ICs for optical communication, high frequency circuits for wireless communication at 60 and 240 GHz, mm-wave radar circuits at 60 and 120 GHz as well as THz circuits operating at 245 GHz and 500 GHz for spectroscopic applications. All reviewed circuit examples are based on the discussed 130nm-SiGe-BiCMOS technologies and show their potential for a broad range of high-speed applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a numerical comparison of charge pumps (CP) designed for a high linearity and a low noise to be used in a fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL). We consider a PLL architecture, where two parallel CPs with DC offset are used. The CP for VCO fine tuning is biased at the output to keep the VCO gain constant. For this specific architecture, only one transistor per CP is relevant for phase detector linearity. This can be an nMOSFET, a pMOSFET or a SiGe HBT, depending on the design. The HBT-based CP shows the highest linearity, whereas all charge pumps show similar device noise. An internal supply regulator with low intrinsic device noise is included in the design optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Management Studies is the property of Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in the hydrographic network of Słowiński National Park. The authors analysed the changes occurring in the drainage network due to limited maintenance in this legally protected natural area. To accomplish this task, elaborations prepared on the basis of aerial photographs were used: an orthophoto map from 1996, hyperspectral imaging from June 2015, and a digital terrain model based on airborne laser scanning (ALS) from June 2015. These spatial data resources enabled the digitisation of the water courses for which selected hydro-morphological features had been defined. As a result of analysing the differences of these features, a quality map was elaborated which was then subjected to interpretation, and the identified changes were quantified in detail.

The aim of our research was to determine the influence of the soil type and adjuvants on the dynamics of ethofumesate degradation in soil. Samples of two types of soil were placed in growth chambers. Ethofumesate was applied at a rate of 800 g·ha-1, alone and in mixture with adjuvant based on methylated crop oil and surfactant adjuvant. Residues of ethofumesate were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The type of soil influenced the degradation rate of ethofumesate. Significant differences in degradation rate between soils during the first period after treatment (36 days) influenced the DT50 indicator. The addition of oil adjuvant slowed down the degradation of ethofumesate and increased the level of residue in soils. The DT50 value for mixture ethofumesate + oil adjuvant was about 8-10 days higher in comparison with the DT50 for ethofumesate applied alone. No significant differences were observed between degradation rates and the DT50 for ethofumesate applied alone and with surfactant adjuvant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil, used at doses of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 g kg-1, on the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. An attempt was also made to reduce the negative effects of diesel oil on the biochemical activity of soil by its fertilization with finely ground pinewood sawdust and urea. Enzymatic activity was determined on days 14, 58 and 108 of the experiment. The experiment demonstrated that soil contamination with diesel oil at amounts from 3 to 24 mg kg-1 disturbed the biochemical equilibrium of soil. The contamination stimulated the activity of dehydrogeanses, urease and alkaline phosphatase. In addition, it had adverse influence on the growth and development of oat and maize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of presented considerations is to answer the following research question: Which elements of universities' marketing activities have greatest impact on recruiting new students? This research question derives from the necessity to unveil hints on what marketing activities are most effective in gaining a number of new students that complies with a university's strategy. Moreover, the obtained answer will be juxtaposed with the new way Polish universities are to function after changes introduced by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education in academic year 2016/2017. Own research was conducted among students of Department of Sport and Tourism Management at The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice recruited in academic year 2016/2017. Obtained data revealed that among all conducted marketing activities promotion is the one that had greatest impact student's choice of a university and faculty.