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The officials of the Interior Ministry of Russia usually perform their duties in extreme and quite often emergency conditions. The hypophysis-adrenal glands system of regulation mainly contributes into supporting formation of mechanisms of compensation of these exposures. The purpose of study is to analyze alterations of content of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline in officials of the Interior Ministry sent on a mission to territories with local military conflict (the Northern Caucasus) to support public order. The study results demonstrated that during first two months of mission a significant increasing of level of analyzed hormones occurs. This is a proper reaction to changed conditions of environment. These alterations correspond to main propositions of the general adaptation syndrome theory. However, further observation in dynamics of mission established presence of signs of imbalance of secretion of hormones in hypophysis-adrenal glands system. The long-lasting conserving high content of both of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol till the end of mission was established. At the same time, content of hormones of "fast response" to extreme factors of environment (adrenaline, noradrenaline) occurred to be as higher as at the beginning of mission. Such occurrences result in disorder of regulation of inter hormonal relationships that correspondingly is a factor of decreasing of vital stress resistance of organism. The main directions of organizational medical character are proposed within th framework of activities supporting resistance of organism to conditions of extreme impact of emergency situations and decreasing risk of development of pathological conditions., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

The established opinions concerning etiology and pathogenesis of human health condition owing to impact of extreme factors indicate that stressing of regulatory systems (neuro-immune endocrinal complex) is a leading mechanism in their development. Just in the endocrine component failure of physiological bindings occurs in the system "central-peripheral internal secretion glands" followed by alteration of metabolism. The study was carried out to determine characteristics of content of levels of thyrotropic hormone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine in individuals of dangerous professions depending on level of implemented occupational load. Two series of studies was implemented among employees of the Interior ministry board - combatants, ordinary policemen and cadets. The examination began with the mission on the territory with armed conflict of combatants and continued after its completion. The blood serum was analyzed for establishing content of thyrotropic hormone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The highest level of thyrotropic hormone was detected in group of combatants in both studies. The levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine were minimal in group of combatants prior to mission as compared with other groups and the highest ones after mission. Therefore, long-term alterations of secretory function of endocrine system resulting in hormonal imbalance can lead to breakdown of adaptation process. Thereupon, the system of medical support of individuals under effect of extreme negative professional factors requires development and adequate functioning of endocrinological component with the purpose of increasing resistance and viability of organism to the conditions of extreme impact of emergency situations and also preventing development of pathological conditions.

The article characterizes sea work conditions under which crew-members carry occupational activitie's during the sail. Negative factors influencing health of crew members are listed. Among these factors, the major influence is caused by physical (noise, vibration, mechanical impacts, ionizing radiation varying in frequency), chemical, climate and.geographic, social an psychologic factors. Conclusion is that extreme work conditions of sailing staffers cause overstrain of adaptation systems, disorders of regulation fuctions, worsen health state and induce disablement. Within a system of medical care.for water transport workers, necessity is to have complex accounting of occupational hazards for more qualitative and safe work conditions.

Unlabelled: Diastolic heart dysfunction occurs essentially in patients who suffer from chronic heart failure. In this context an investigation and application of different methods for diastolic function improvement remain a priority in the therapy of cardiovascular diseases., Objective: Our ain was to estimate coronary artery bypass grafting effect on the left ventricularfunctionality in patients with coronaty heart disease., Methods: Patients (30 men without myocardial infarction and 44 - with myocardial infarction) were investigated by Doppler Echocardiography before and after coronary artery bypass grafting for left ventricular diastolic function assessment. In addition, during the year after operation examinations were carried out. Analysis of the data allowed detecting two types of disorders of transmitral flow: rigid and pseudononnal., Results: Our investigation showed that transinitral parameters improved in patients after operation. Patients without myocardial infarction in anamnesis had a myocardium cell relaxation improvement (IVRT decreasing; p =0,046), but an active myocardium relaxation turned for the better (increasing of E/A (p <0,001) by component A lowering (p =0, 003). Changes of pulmonary veins parameters were followed by the improvement of left heart ventricle relaxation: active - PVD decreasing, p =0,051; and passive - PVA decreasing, p =0,028. Patients with myocardial infarction in anamnesis had an IVRT decreasing (p =0,040) and A decreasing (p =0,041). In addition, in this group left atrial function improved (PVS decreasing; p =0,037)., Conclusion: Coronary artery bypass grafting is effective in left ventricular diastolic function improvement and Doppler Echocardiography method can become an important criterion to estimate the treatment adequacy.

The study was carried out to investigate the variations of protein metabolism indicators (crude protein, creatinine, urea, uric acid) depending on supply of vitamin B1 (thiamine) in children dwelling the North regions of Russia. The dependence of parameters of protein metabolism from supply of vitamin B1 in complex with some other factors (region of dwelling, gender). At that, the leading role plays the degree of thiamine deficiency. Contrariwise, high supply of thiamine by no means had an effect on the indicators' values. The most marked variations of biochemical indicators occur in case of marginal deficiency of vitamin B1 in North Western region and in case of marked deficiency of vitamin B1--in North Eastern region of Russia.

With age, antiatherogenic defense in North aboriginal children is regulated by the humoral mechanisms of immunity, by increasing the levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA), interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-a and decreasing the content of interleukin-8 and interferon-alpha in particular, by reflecting the ability of the immune system to maintain and reduce the atherogenicity of blood lipids.

Changes in the relations between the blood levels of vitamins E, A, and the hormones of the pituitary-gonad hormones (gonadotropic, sex steroid hormones) were studied in children at different pubertal stages. It has been found that at different pubertal stages, there is a change in the correlations the nature of which is determined by the relation to the blood concentrations of vitamins E and A.

The paper deals with a study of a change in the cell energy metabolism in medical students during a year. The performed study has revealed the differences in cell energy supply levels during an academic year, which determine the body's functional and adaptive capacities.

The article covers studies of changes in activity of cell energy metabolism enzyms in medical students throughout academic year. The studies revealed differences in levels of cell energy supply during the academic year, that determine functional and adaptation body resources.

Based on the data available in the literature, the paper describes the present idea on the role of imbalance of trace elements (in addition to iodine deficiency) in the development of endemic goiter. It also characterizes the effects of selenium, cobalt, copper, zinc, iron, and manganese on the thyroid structural and functional state.

Iodine provision was studied in the population living in the south and north (coastal) areas of the Arkhangelsk Region. The south areas were ascertained to be iodine-deficient and the north ones were iodine-rich. Despite the fact that endemic goiter is present on both territories, it was concluded that endemic goiter in the coastal area is caused by imbalance of some biological elements in the environment.

The paper presents the results of studying the trace element status in residents from various goiter-endemic areas of the Arkhangelsk Region. It is concluded that endemic goiter in the study areas is determined by not only iodine deficiency, but also by the imbalance of thyroid-specific elements. Goiter endemic is caused by the decreased content of Se, Co, Cr, Fe, and the elevated level of Si. Moreover, an iodine-sufficient area is characterized by the lower levels of Ca, Mg, and Mn. Trace element imbalance is accounted for by the biogeochemical features of the areas under study.

The hormonal level dynamics of hypophysis, thyroid gland and sex steroids was analyzed in respect to the puberty. Concentrations of gonadotropins and sex streroids were increased whereas concentrations of thyroid hormones was decreased. The amplitude of hypophysis and thyroid hormones were narrowed whereas the range of sex steroids was extended during the puberty. In early stages of puberty, the interhormonal correlations existed on some levels (hypophysis or peripheral gland), but in late stage the intersystem and polyhormonal relations were formed. Thyroid hormones play a leading role in sexual maturity regulation. The sexual maturity is prolonged, the variance of sexual stages being quite wide. The range of gonadotropin shifted to the left side in comparison with children in moderate latitudes.