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The evolution of compact surface of the 100 nm copper film deposited on the glass-ceramics doped with vanadium coating in the course of the oxidation by the 4- (L = dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 4 concentration ≈ 1 mol/L) was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in contact mode. The dynamics of active centers formation and destruction was investigated in the course of the oxidation process. The metallic sample dissolution rate was estimated as a function of the coordinating solvent nature. The development of the metal surface oxidation was established to lead to a significant increase of surface roughness. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that different parts of the surface react at different rates. Further course of the reaction leads to a significant decrease of the surface roughness of copper films. The amount of the metal reacted has an almost linear dependence on the reaction time. AFM scans indicate that there is the same mechanism of the reaction between copper and carbon tetrachloride for all solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural, optical and spectroscopic properties of Tm3+:Lu2O3 ceramics were studied. CW laser operation at 2068 nm with an output power of up to 34 W and a slope efficiency of 44% was obtained. Q-switched ocsilation with a pulse duration of 100-150 ns and a repetition rate of 1-10 kHz was achieved. Passive mode locking was achieved using an ion-implanted InGaAsSb quantum-well based SESAM or single graphene layer. Transform-limited pulses as short as 180 fs are generated at 2076 nm with an average output power of 400 mW and a pulse repetition frequency of 121.2 MHz. (© 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphology and photoluminescence spectra of GeSi/Si(001) with self-forming nanoclusters obtained by the sublimation molecular-beam epitaxy in GeH4 medium under various process conditions are studied. It is found that the clusters are formed by the Stransky-Krastanov growth followed by the important coalescence processes. Doubling of the photoluminescence lines from the nanoclusters is caused by the radiative recombination; the progressing blueshift of the lines, by the Si diffusion from the substrate into the clusters. The conditions ensuring the growth of uniform nanocluster arrays exhibiting photoluminescence at room temperature are determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate myocardial cell damage after radiofrequency ablation (RFA), one of the most effective methods for the treatment of arrhythmias. Thirty patients aged 30.4 +/- 8.6 years were examined. Biochemical parameters were evaluated repeatedly 6-18 h after RFA. Positive troponin T (Tn-T) test and increased CK-Mb activity (p < 0.22) were observed in 8 patients (group 1), while in group II Tn-T test was negative. Biochemical findings in group I correlated with the results of ECG body surface mapping (STT) (negative area), duration and number of RFA lesions. Myocardial damage was detected using 3 cardiac markers: myo/CK-Mb and Tn-T. These testing should be carried out in due time repeatedly, in order to catch the STT maps and biochemical parameters were in high correlation after RFA. Presumably, T-wave abnormalities in Tn-T-negative group after RFA were due to the cardiac memory phenomenon. Myo/CK-Mb after RFA in Tn-T-positive group coincided with that in acute myocardial infarction. Hence, myocardial damage after RFA can be confirmed by the Tn-T test, which is helpful in the differential diagnosis of minor myocardial damage and cardiac memory phenomenon.