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544 results on '"Kruchten, Philippe"'

1. Architectural Blueprints: The 4+1 View Model of Software Architecture

Author

Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, D.2.11
Abstract

This article presents a model for describing the architecture of software-intensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views. This use of multiple views allows to address separately the concerns of the various stakeholders of the architecture: end-user, developers, systems engineers, project managers, etc., and to handle separately the functional and non functional requirements. Each of the five views is described, together with a notation to capture it. The views are designed using an architecture-centered, scenario-driven, iterative development process., Comment: Early draft, better quality than IEEE published version

Published
2020
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2. Blurring Boundaries: Toward the Collective Empathic Understanding of Product Requirements

Author

Fuller, Robert C. and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

Within the agile paradigm, many software product companies create cross-functional product development teams that own their product or a defined set of product features. In contrast to development teams operating within a heavily-disciplined software development process, these product teams often require a deeper and, importantly, a collective understanding of the product domain to serve as a rich context within which to understand the product requirements. Little is known about the factors that support or impede these teams in collectively achieving this deep understanding of the product domain. Using Constructivist Grounded Theory method, we study individuals and teams across seven software companies that create products for a diverse range of markets. The study found that certain organisational and planning process factors play a significant role in whether product development teams have the potential to collectively develop deep domain understanding. These factors also impact individual and development team dynamics. We identify two essential metaphorical dynamics of broadening the lens and blurring boundaries that cross-functional product teams employ in order to fully embrace product ownership, visioning, and planning towards achieving a deep collective domain understanding, creating a richer context in which to understand product requirements. We also conclude that the highly specialised nature of many organisational models and development processes is contraindicated for cross-functional product development teams in achieving this deep collective understanding and we call for a rethinking of conventional organisational and product planning practices for software product development., Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, draft for journal

Published
2020

3. Applying empirical software engineering to software architecture: challenges and lessons learned

Author

Falessi, Davide, Babar, Muhammad Ali, Cantone, Giovanni, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract

In the last 15 years, software architecture has emerged as an important software engineering field for managing the development and maintenance of large, software- intensive systems. Software architecture community has developed numerous methods, techniques, and tools to support the architecture process (analysis, design, and review). Historically, most advances in software architecture have been driven by talented people and industrial experience, but there is now a growing need to systematically gather empirical evidence about the advantages or otherwise of tools and methods rather than just rely on promotional anecdotes or rhetoric. The aim of this paper is to promote and facilitate the application of the empirical paradigm to software architecture. To this end, we describe the challenges and lessons learned when assessing software architecture research that used controlled experiments, replications, expert opinion, systematic literature reviews, obser- vational studies, and surveys. Our research will support the emergence of a body of knowledge consisting of the more widely-accepted and well-formed software architecture theories.

Published
2017
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5. Architectural Technical Debt: A Grounded Theory

Author

Verdecchia, Roberto, Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Jansen, Anton, editor, Malavolta, Ivano, editor, Muccini, Henry, editor, Ozkaya, Ipek, editor, and Zimmermann, Olaf, editor

Published
2020
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6. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops

Author

Kruchten, Philippe and Gregory, Peggy

Subjects
software measurement, software creation and management, process management, project management, software development techniques, empirical software engineering, continuous experimentation, business agility, large-scale agile, agile software development, microservices, extreme programming, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems
Abstract

This open access book constitutes papers from the research workshops presented at XP 2022 and XP 2023, respectively the 23rd and 24th International Conferences on Agile Software Development, held on June 13-17, 2022 at the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark and June 13-16, 2023 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. In 2022, the following workshops took place: ● 3rd International Workshop on Agility with Microservices Programming ● 2nd International Workshop on Agile Sustainability ● Agile and Education In 2023, six workshops were held: ● Workshop on Organisational Debt and Large-Scale Agile ● Workshop on Software-Intensive Business ● Workshop on Global and Hybrid Work ● Workshop on Fear-Based Agile Transformation ● Workshop on AI-assisted Agile ● Workshop on Agile-Quantum Software Engineering In 2022, 6 workshop papers were accepted for publication in these post-proceedings, out of 11 submissions, and in 2023, 15 papers were accepted for publication out of 38 submissions.

Published
2024
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7. Agile Governance Theory: conceptual development

Author

Luna, Alexandre J. H. de O., Kruchten, Philippe, and de Moura, Hermano P.

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, K.6, K.6.1, K.6.4, D.2, D.2.9
Abstract

Context: Competitiveness is the key to a sustainable development and it demands agility at the business and organizational levels, which in turn requires a flexible and customizable IT environment and effective and responsive governance in order to deliver value to the business. Objective: This paper describes the conceptual development of a theory for analyze and describe agile governance in order to increasing the success rate of their practice, achieving organizational performance and business competitiveness. Method: We adopt a multi-method research, framing the theory conceptual development using Dubin's method of theory building. Results: We have developed a conceptual framework of the theory encompassing its constructs, laws of interaction, boundaries and system states. Conclusion: This theory can provide a better understanding of the nature of agile governance, by mapping of its constructs, mediators, moderators and disturbing factors, in order to help organizations reach better results., Comment: Conference Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Management of Technology and Information Systems, 22 pages, 8 figures. In 12th International Conference on Management of Technology and Information Systems. Sao Paulo: FEA-USP

Published
2015

8. State of the Art of Agile Governance: A Systematic Review

Author

Luna, Alexandre J. H. de O., Kruchten, Philippe, Pedrosa, Marcello L. G. do E., Neto, Humberto R. de Almeida, and de Moura, Hermano P.

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, K.6, K.6.1, K.6.4, D.2, D.2.9
Abstract

Context: Agility at the business level requires Information Technology (IT) environment flexible and customizable, as well as effective and responsive governance in order to deliver value faster, better, and cheaper to the business. Objective: To understand better this context, our paper seeks to investigate how the domain of agile governance has evolved, as well as to derive implications for research and practice. Method: We conducted a systematic review about the state of art of the agile governance up to and including 2013. Our search strategy identified 1992 studies in 10 databases, of which 167 had the potential to answer our research questions. Results: We organized the studies into four major groups: software engineering, enterprise, manufacturing and multidisciplinary; classifying them into 16 emerging categories. As a result, the review provides a convergent definition for agile governance, six meta- principles, and a map of findings organized by topic and classified by relevance and convergence. Conclusion: The found evidence lead us to believe that agile governance is a relatively new, wide and multidisciplinary area focused on organizational performance and competitiveness that needs to be more intensively studied. Finally, we made improvements and additions to the methodological approach for systematic reviews and qualitative studies., Comment: International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 6, No 5, October 2014 20 pages, 8 Figures, 7 Tables

Published
2014
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9. The frog and the octopus: a conceptual model of software development

Author

Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, K.6.3, D.2.9
Abstract

We propose a conceptual model of software development that encompasses all approaches: traditional or agile, light and heavy, for large and small development efforts. The model identifies both the common aspects in all software development, i.e., elements found in some form or another in each and every software development project (Intent, Product, People, Work, Time, Quality, Risk, Cost, Value), as well as the variable part, i.e., the main factors that cause the very wide variations we can find in the software development world (Size, Age, Criticality, Architecture stability, Business model, Governance, Rate of change, Geographic distribution). We show how the model can be used as an explanatory theory of software development, as a tool for analysis of practices, techniques, processes, as the basis for curriculum design or for software process adoption and improvement, and to support empirical research on software development methods. This model is also proposed as a way to depolarize the debate on agile methods versus the rest-of-the-world: a unified model.

Published
2012

12. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming

Author

Stettina, Christoph J., Garbajosa, Juan, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
agile software development, software creation and management, Scrum, lean software development, process management, test-driven development, project and people management, software development techniques, risk management, empirical software engineering, continuous software engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture
Abstract

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2023, which took place in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, during June 13-16, 2023. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. This year’s conference was held with the theme “Whole Team Sustainability”. The 11 full papers and 1 short paper presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. They focus on agile practices and agile in the large.

Published
2023
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13. Agile in Distress: Architecture to the Rescue

Author

Nord, Robert L., Ozkaya, Ipek, Kruchten, Philippe, van der Aalst, Wil, Series editor, Mylopoulos, John, Series editor, Rosemann, Michael, Series editor, Shaw, Michael J., Series editor, Szyperski, Clemens, Series editor, Dingsøyr, Torgeir, editor, Moe, Nils Brede, editor, Tonelli, Roberto, editor, Counsell, Steve, editor, Gencel, Cigdem, editor, and Petersen, Kai, editor

Published
2014
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15. Culture and Agile: Challenges and Synergies

Author

Fraser, Steven, Abrahamsson, Pekka, Biddle, Robert, Eckstein, Jutta, Kruchten, Philippe, Mancl, Dennis, Wild, Werner, van der Aalst, Will, editor, Mylopoulos, John, editor, Sadeh, Norman M., editor, Shaw, Michael J., editor, Szyperski, Clemens, editor, Abrahamsson, Pekka, editor, Baskerville, Richard, editor, Conboy, Kieran, editor, Fitzgerald, Brian, editor, Morgan, Lorraine, editor, and Wang, Xiaofeng, editor

Published
2008
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16. Visualizing Software Architectural Design Decisions

Author

Lee, Larix, Kruchten, Philippe, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Morrison, Ron, editor, Balasubramaniam, Dharini, editor, and Falkner, Katrina, editor

Published
2008
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17. A Tool to Visualize Architectural Design Decisions

Author

Lee, Larix, Kruchten, Philippe, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Becker, Steffen, editor, Plasil, Frantisek, editor, and Reussner, Ralf, editor

Published
2008
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18. Issues in Applying Empirical Software Engineering to Software Architecture

Author

Falessi, Davide, Kruchten, Philippe, Cantone, Giovanni, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Oquendo, Flavio, editor

Published
2007
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19. Building Up and Reasoning About Architectural Knowledge

Author

Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, van Vliet, Hans, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Hofmeister, Christine, editor, Crnkovic, Ivica, editor, and Reussner, Ralf, editor

Published
2006
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20. Thinking Fast and Slow in Software Engineering

Author

Guizzardi, Giancarlo, Pastor, Oscar, Storey, Veda C., and Kruchten, Philippe

Abstract

Humans use two cognitive strategies: data-driven and theory-driven, resembling Kahneman's Systems 1 and 2. While both are crucial, the highest forms of knowledge involve theory-based symbolic representations. Software engineering's recent data-centric trend cannot systematically produce ethical software, which requires connecting data with semantics and purpose.

Published
2023
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22. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming

Author

Stray, Viktoria, Stol, Klaas-Jan, Paasivaara, Maria, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
agile software development, software creation and management, Scrum, lean software development, process management, test-driven development, project and people management, software development techniques, risk management, empirical software engineering, software measurement, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture
Abstract

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2022, which was held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in June 2022. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. This year’s conference was held with the theme “Agile in the Era of Hybrid Work”. The 13 full papers and 1 short paper presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: agile practices; agile processes; and agile in the large.

Published
2022
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25. Design and Validation of a Capability Measurement Instrument for DevOps Teams

Author

Plant, Olivia H., van Hillegersberg, Jos, Aldea, Adina, Stray, Viktoria, Stol, Klaas-Jan, Paasivaara, Maria, Kruchten, Philippe, Industrial Engineering & Business Information Systems, and Digital Society Institute

Subjects
DevOps, Agile, Measurement instrument development, IS capabilities, DevOps teams
Abstract

This paper reports on the design and validation of a capability measurement instrument for software delivery teams that make use of the DevOps approach. The instrument is based on the results of a systematic literature review and was developed and validated by involving a total of five domain experts and conducting a field study among six DevOps team members. To this end, we used qualitative and survey-based data collection methods from participatory action research as well as design science. The resulting instrument encompasses five dimensions, covering seventeen capabilities and thirty-eight associated practices. The practices are evaluated on five capability levels. The results of the validation process indicate clear agreement of the domain experts and team members with all aspects of the instrument. As a contribution to practice, this research offers a pragmatic tool for IS practitioners which provides insight into the status of their DevOps transformation and offers directions for improving DevOps team performance. Furthermore, this research contributes to the ongoing research stream on DevOps by providing novel insights into the nature of DevOps capabilities and their potential configurations.

Published
2022

26. Experience Report: It Will Never Work in Theory

Author

Wilson, Greg, Aranda, Jorge, Hoye, Michael, Johnson, Brittany, and Kruchten, Philippe

Abstract

We have been trying to get software engineering researchers and practitioners to talk to one another for over a decade. This paper describes what we have done, assesses our impact, and recommends an approach that we hope will have greater success.

Published
2024
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31. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming

Author

Gregory, Peggy, Lassenius, Casper, Wang, Xiaofeng, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems, IT in Business, Management of Computing and Information Systems, Software Engineering, IT Operations, Agile software development, Software creation and management, Scrum, Lean software development, Process management, open access, Test-driven development, Project and people management, Software development techniques, Risk management, Operating systems, Business mathematics & systems, Business applications, Information architecture, Maintenance & repairs, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture
Abstract

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2021, which was held virtually during June 14-18, 2021. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. This year’s conference was held with the theme “Agile Turns Twenty While the World Goes Online”. The 11 full and 2 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: agile practices; process assessment; large-scale agile; and short contributions.

Published
2021
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32. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops

Author

Gregory, Peggy and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
open access, Agile software development, Extreme programming, SaaS - Software as a Service, Software maintenance, Software platforms, Software management, Software development techniques, Microservices, XP, Hackathons, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems
Abstract

This open access book constitutes papers from the 5 research workshops, the poster presentations, as well as two panel discussions which were presented at XP 2021, the 22nd International Conference on Agile Software Development, which was held online during June 14-18, 2021. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. The 18 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from overall 37 submissions. They stem from the following workshops: 3rd International Workshop on Agile Transformation 9th International Workshop on Large-Scale Agile Development 1st International Workshop on Agile Sustainability 4th International Workshop on Software-Intensive Business 2nd International Workshop on Agility with Microservices Programming

Published
2021
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34. Assessing the Health of the Dark Web: An Analysis of Dark Web Open Source Software Projects

Author

Onyango, Samuel, Steenvoorden, Emilie, Scholten, Joram, Jansen, Slinger, Gregory, Peggy, Kruchten, Philippe, Sub Organization and Information, and Organization and Information

Subjects
Software ecosystem health, Open source ecosystem, Information Systems and Management, Control and Systems Engineering, Modelling and Simulation, Open source ecosystem health operationalization framework, Dark web, Business and International Management, Management Information Systems, Information Systems
Abstract

A hidden part of the World Wide Web is known as the Dark Web, featuring websites that cannot be indexed by traditional search engines. Many open source software products are used to access and navigate through the Dark Web. Together they form the Dark Web open source software ecosystem. Research on this ecosystem is scarce and research on the ecosystem health is non-existent, even though ecosystem health is an useful indicator of the livelihood of an ecosystem. The goal of this research is to evaluate the health of the ecosystem through an assessment of Tor, I2P and GitHub. The Open Source Ecosystem Health Operationalization framework is used to help perform this assessment. Eight metrics from the framework are selected, which are measured using the data collected. Analysis of Tor and I2P metrics suggest that there has been an increase in Tor and I2P user activity in the recent past. Added knowledge, spin offs and forks and usage indicate active participation and interest in Tor and I2P. There has also been an increase in the number of active GitHub Dark Web projects. However, these GitHub projects are not well-connected and only a small number of projects have a large number of contributors. There is some variety among the GitHub software projects. The framework proves to be adequately capable of determining the health of the Dark Web open source ecosystem with the available data.

Published
2021

35. Summary: Building and evaluating a theory of architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems

Author

Verdecchia, Roberto, Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, Malavolta, Ivano, Heinrich, Robert, Mirandola, Raffaela, Weyns, Danny, Software and Sustainability (S2), Network Institute, Information Management & Software Engineering, Software & Services, and Amsterdam Sustainability Institute

Subjects
SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Focus Group, Software Architecture, Software Evolution, Grounded Theory, Software Engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Technical Debt
Abstract

This paper reports a summary of a study on Architectural Technical Debt (ATD) published in the Journal of Software and Systems [1]. By borrowing from the 16162 definition of technical debt, we can define ATD as a collection of design or implementation constructs, present at the architectural level of software-intensive systems, that are expedient in the short term, but set up a technical context that can make future changes more costly or impossible. In the study we aimed at investigating how software practitioners conceptualize ATD, and how they deal with it. In order to do so, we conducted a mixed-method empirical study constituted by a Glaserian grounded theory, followed by an evaluation and refinement of the emerging theory via focus groups. The result of our investigation constitutes an encompassing conceptual model of architectural technical debt, identifying and relating concepts such as its symptoms, causes, consequences, management strategies, and communication problems. The emerging theory can support both research and practitioners with structured knowledge about the crucial factors of architectural technical debt experienced in industrial contexts.

Published
2021

36. Is Your Software Ecosystem in Danger? Preventing Ecosystem Death Through Lessons in Ecosystem Health

Author

Evertse, Robert, Lencz, Abel, Šinik, Tea, Jansen, Slinger, Soussi, Lamia, Gregory, Peggy, Kruchten, Philippe, Sub Organization and Information, and Organization and Information

Subjects
Software ecosystem demise, Information Systems and Management, Control and Systems Engineering, Modelling and Simulation, Demise countermeasures, Demise principles, Software ecosystem(s), Business and International Management, End-of-life, Management Information Systems, Information Systems
Abstract

The health of an ecosystem is by definition the most basic requirement for its survival. This paper aims to examine the driving forces behind the health of software ecosystems, in a comparative manner between four different ecosystems which have experienced a major downfall. We examine these ecosystems for similarities, from which demise principles are derived. Consequently, countermeasures are proposed in an attempt to combat these demise principles. The findings show that the main demise principles are Underestimation of competitors, Lack of innovation, and Incorrect management of the ecosystem. The proposed countermeasures to address these demise principles are to Increase market awareness to increase competitive advantage, Increase product quality, Increase platform quality, Adjust value propositions and Formulate a partner-oriented strategy.

Published
2021

38. Assessing the Health of the Dark Web: An Analysis of Dark Web Open Source Software Projects

Author

Sub Organization and Information, Organization and Information, Onyango, Samuel, Steenvoorden, Emilie, Scholten, Joram, Jansen, Slinger, Gregory, Peggy, Kruchten, Philippe, Sub Organization and Information, Organization and Information, Onyango, Samuel, Steenvoorden, Emilie, Scholten, Joram, Jansen, Slinger, Gregory, Peggy, and Kruchten, Philippe

Published
2021

39. Building and evaluating a theory of architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems

Author

Verdecchia, Roberto, Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, Malavolta, Ivano, Verdecchia, Roberto, Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, and Malavolta, Ivano

Abstract

Architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems is a metaphor used to describe the “big” design decisions (e.g., choices regarding structure, frameworks, technologies, languages, etc.) that, while being suitable or even optimal when made, significantly hinder progress in the future. While other types of debt, such as code-level technical debt, can be readily detected by static analyzers, and often be refactored with minimal or only incremental efforts, architectural debt is hard to be identified, of wide-ranging remediation cost, daunting, and often avoided. In this study, we aim at developing a better understanding of how software development organizations conceptualize architectural debt, and how they deal with it. In order to do so, in this investigation we apply a mixed empirical method, constituted by a grounded theory study followed by focus groups. With the grounded theory method we construct a theory on architectural technical debt by eliciting qualitative data from software architects and senior technical staff from a wide range of heterogeneous software development organizations. We applied the focus group method to evaluate the emerging theory and refine it according to the new data collected. The result of the study, i.e., a theory emerging from the gathered data, constitutes an encompassing conceptual model of architectural technical debt, identifying and relating concepts such as its symptoms, causes, consequences, management strategies, and communication problems. From the conducted focus groups, we assessed that the theory adheres to the four evaluation criteria of classic grounded theory, i.e., the theory fits its underlying data, is able to work, has relevance, and is modifiable as new data appears. By grounding the findings in empirical evidence, the theory provides researchers and practitioners with novel knowledge on the crucial factors of architectural technical debt experienced in industrial contexts.

Published
2021
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40. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming

Author

Stray, Viktoria, Hoda, Rashina, Paasivaara, Maria, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Software Engineering, IT in Business, Management of Computing and Information Systems, IT Operations, Agile software development, Software creation and management, Scrum, Lean software development, Process management, open access, Test-driven development, Project and people management, Software development techniques, Risk management, Business mathematics & systems, Business applications, Information architecture, Maintenance & repairs, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UM Computer programming / software development::UMZ Software Engineering, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture
Abstract

This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Agile Software Development, XP 2020, which was planned to be held during June 8-12, 2020, at the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was postponed until an undetermined date. XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a hybrid forum where agile researchers, academics, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. Following this history, for both researchers and seasoned practitioners XP 2020 provided an informal environment to network, share, and discover trends in Agile for the next 20 years. The 14 full and 2 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: agile adoption; agile practices; large-scale agile; the business of agile; and agile and testing.

Published
2020
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41. Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops

Author

Paasivaara, Maria and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Management of Computing and Information Systems, IT in Business, Software Engineering, IT Operations, XP, Agile software development, Extreme programming, Lean development, Software measurement, open access, Software maintenance, Software testing, Empirical software engineering, Software management, Software development techniques, Business agility, Information architecture, Maintenance & repairs, Business mathematics & systems, Business applications, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human-computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJQ Business mathematics & systems
Abstract

This open access book constitutes the 6 research workshops, the Agile Education and Training Track, the Doctoral Symposium, as well as a panel presented at XP 2020, the 21st International Conference on Agile Software Development, which was held during June 8-12, 2020. The conference was planned to take place at the IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, the conference was held online. In 2020, the following six workshops took place: Third International Workshop on Software-Intensive Business Eighth International Workshop on Large-Scale Agile Development Second European Symposium on Serverless Computing and Applications Second International Workshop on Agile Transformation First International Workshop on Agility with Microservices Programming Third International Workshop on Autonomous Agile Teams XP is the premier agile software development conference combining research and practice. It is a unique forum where agile researchers, practitioners, thought leaders, coaches, and trainers get together to present and discuss their most recent innovations, research results, experiences, concerns, challenges, and trends. XP conferences provide an informal environment to learn and trigger discussions and welcome both people new to agile and seasoned agile practitioners. The 31 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from overall 79 submissions. In addition to the 26 workshop papers, this volume also includes 2 papers from the Agile Education and Training Track and 3 papers from the Doctoral Symposium. Furthermore, the book contains a summary of a panel discussion with the topic “Covid-19’s Influence on the Future of Agile”.

Published
2020
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44. Where Did All This Good Architectural Knowledge Go?

Author

Kruchten, Philippe, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Babar, Muhammad Ali, editor, and Gorton, Ian, editor

Published
2010
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46. Cerification 1, 2, 3

Author

Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Computer programmers -- Licensing, certification and accreditation
Published
2010

47. Agility and architecture: can they coexist?

Author

Abrahamsson, Pekka, Babar, Muhammad Ali, and Kruchten, Philippe

Subjects
Software development/engineering, Modularity, Software architecture, Market trend/market analysis, Software engineering -- Methods
Published
2010

48. Expert Perspectives on Explainability

Author

Cito, Jurgen, Chandra, Satish, Tantithamthavorn, Chakkrit, Hemmati, Hadi, and Kruchten, Philippe

Abstract

Jürgen Cito is interviewing Vijayaraghavan Murali (VM), a software engineer at Meta, and Eddie Aftandilian (EA), a principal researcher at GitHub Next.

Published
2023
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49. Message from the SAIP, NEMI, ECRF, Journal First, and Workshops Track Chairs

Author

Becker, Steffen, primary, Camara, Javier, additional, Challita, Stephanie, additional, Fehling, Christoph, additional, Jansen, Anton, additional, Kopp, Oliver, additional, Koziolek, Heiko, additional, Kruchten, Philippe, additional, Lewis, Grace A., additional, Lilienthal, Carola, additional, Spalazzese, Romina, additional, and Trubiani, Catia, additional

Published
2021
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50. Architectural technical debt:A grounded theory

Author

Verdecchia, Roberto, Kruchten, Philippe, Lago, Patricia, Jansen, Anton, Malavolta, Ivano, Muccini, Henry, Ozkaya, Ipek, Zimmermann, Olaf, Jansen, Anton, Malavolta, Ivano, Muccini, Henry, Ozkaya, Ipek, Zimmermann, Olaf, Software and Sustainability (S2), Network Institute, Information Management & Software Engineering, and Software & Services

Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic), Process management, business.industry, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Software architecture, Software development, 020207 software engineering, Qualitative property, 02 engineering and technology, Technical debt, Grounded theory, Software, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Debt, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, media_common
Abstract

Architectural technical debt in a software-intensive system is driven by design decisions about its structure, frameworks, technologies, languages, etc. Unlike code-level technical debt, which can be readily detected by static analysers, and can often be refactored with minimal efforts, architectural debt is hard to detect, and its remediation is wide-ranging, daunting, and often avoided. The objective of this study is to develop a better understanding of how software development organisations conceptualize their architectural debt, and how they deal with it, if at all. We used a grounded theory method, eliciting qualitative data from software architects and senior technical staff from a wide range of software development organizations. The result of the study, i.e., the theory emerging from the collected data, constitutes an encompassing conceptual theory of architectural debt, identifying and relating concepts such as symptoms, causes, consequences, and management strategies. By grounding the findings in empirical data, the theory provides researchers and practitioners with evidence of which crucial factors of architectural technical debt are experienced in industrial contexts.

Published
2020

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