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4. Anterior Chamber Depth and IOL Calculations

Author

Findl, Oliver, Hirnschall, Nino, Kronschläger, Martin, Singh, Arun D., Series Editor, Aramberri, Jaime, editor, Hoffer, Kenneth J., editor, Olsen, Thomas, editor, Savini, Giacomo, editor, and Shammas, H. John, editor

Published
2024
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14. Dislocation force of scleral flange-fixated intraocular lens haptics.

Author

Pukl, Spela Stunf, Kronschläger, Martin, Ruiss, Manuel, Blouin, Stéphane, Akcan, Emre Rüştü, and Findl, Oliver

Abstract

Purpose To measure the dislocation forces in relation to haptic material, flange size and needle used. Setting Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria. Design Laboratory Investigation. Methods, main outcome measures 30 G (gauge) thin wall and 27 G standard needles were used for a 2 mm tangential scleral tunnel in combination with different PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate haptics). Flanges were created by heating 1 mm of the haptic end, non-forceps assisted in PVDF and forceps assisted in PMMA haptics. The dislocation force was measured in non-preserved cadaver sclera using a tensiometer device. Results PVDF flanges achieved were of a mushroom-like shape and PMMA flanges were of a conic shape. For 30 G needle tunnels the dislocation forces for PVDF and PMMA haptic flanges were 1.58 ± 0.68 N (n = 10) and 0.70 ± 0.14 N (n = 9) (p = 0.003) respectively. For 27 G needle tunnels the dislocation forces for PVDF and PMMA haptic flanges were 0.31 ± 0.35 N (n = 3) and 0.0 N (n = 4), respectively. The flange size correlated with the occurring dislocation force in experiments with 30 G needle tunnels (r = 0.92), when flanges were bigger than 384 micrometres. Conclusions The highest dislocation forces were found for PVDF haptic flanges and their characteristic mushroom-like shape for 30 G thin wall needle scleral tunnels. Forceps assisted flange creation in PMMA haptics did not compensate the disadvantage of PMMA haptics with their characteristic conic shape flange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. List of contributors

Author

Abalo, Raquel, Abdollahi, Milad, Abu-Samak, Mahmoud S., Adi Pinandito, Yohanes Krisnantyo, Agnoletti, Bárbara Z., Aguilar-González, Miguel A., Aguilar, Cristóbal N., Agunloye, Odunayo M., Akaffou, Sélastique, Alegret, Marta, Alves, Rita C., Amir, Muhammad Subhan, Andrade, Nelson, Apetrei, Constantin, Aprigio, Nícollas Gabriel de Oliveira, Asil, Esma, Awwad, Shady H., Barbisan, Luís Fernando, Barreto-Peixoto, Juliana A., Basaran, Burhan, Bastos-Filho, Teodiano, Beccari, Fabio, Berti, Federico, Bezandry, Rickarlos, Binello, Arianna, Blanco-Díaz, Cristian Felipe, Bodur, Mahmut, Bounegru, Alexandra Virginia, Bramantoro, Taufan, Branco, Ana F., Brancucci, Alfredo, Büschgens, Luca, Budán, Ferenc, Buyukkurt, Ozlem Kilic, Bytof, Gerhard, Cadwallader, Keith R., Cao, Chao, Caprioli, Giovanni, Celedón, Juan C., Cervera-Mata, Ana, Cesarino, Igor, Chagas, Patrícia, Chemello, Diego, Chmurzynska, Agata, Christianty, Fransiska Maria, Chávez González, Mónica L., Coimbra, Manuel A., Conde, Silvia V., Coreta-Gomes, Filipe, Couturon, Emmanuel, Cravotto, Giancarlo, Crouzillat, Dominique, Damiri, Basma, Dash, Dillip Kumar, da Silva, Maria Alice Esteves, da Silva, Michelle Costa, da Silva Junior, Ademário Iris, Delatour, Thierry, Delgado, Gabriel, de Oliveira, Marcos Roberto, de Podestá, Olívia Perim Galvão, de Rezende, Claudia Moraes, Desai, Nivas, de Souza, Tassio da Silva, de Souza Costa, Arthur Merigueti, Deus, Cláudia M., Diaz-Gómez, Rallinari, Domingues, Douglas Silva, do Prado, Camila Bruneli, Duarte-Correa, Yudy, Dubois, Mathieu, Dupeyron, Mathilde, Elbadry, Abdullah M.M., Elsaadani, Moez, Elsaadani, Muhamed, Eshak, Ehab, Ewa, Lange, Ewelina, Pałkowska-Goździk, Fajrin, Fifteen Aprila, Farah, Adriana, Fathi, Faezeh, Fernandes, Patrícia, Fernández-Arteaga, Alejandro, Ferreira, Helena, Ferreira, Thiago, Ferreira, Júlia Rabelo Santos, Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava, Forzato, Cristina, Francis, Akintoye O., Frank, Oliver, Freitas, Jair C.C., Fuentes, Eduardo, Fukasawa, Masayoshi, Gallego-Barceló, Paula, Galluzzi, Maria Letícia, Gamal, Nermin, Garcia, Sergio Britto, Gigl, Michael, Goh, Rui Min Vivian, Grimm, Marcus Otto Walter, Guclu, Gamze, Guercia, Elena, Guerrero-Méndez, Cristian David, Guyot, Romain, Halim-Lim, Sarina Abdul, Hamon, Perla, Hamon, Serge, Han, Yueh-Ying, Hegde, Shrilakshmi, Herrera-Jácome, Darío Fernando, Hoang, Minh Hao, Huang, Yunle, Huang, Dejian, Hyppönen, Elina, Irmalia, Wahyuning Ratih, Iso, Hiroyasu, Ivamoto-Suzuki, Suzana Tiemi, Janitschke, Daniel, Jaramillo-Isaza, Sebastián, Jazayeri, Seyed Mehdi, Jazayeri, Reyhaneh Sadat, Jia, Huijuan, Jublot, Lionel, Kalthoff, Sandra, Kannen, Vinicius, Kaviani, Mojtaba, Kelebek, Hasim, Khairnar, Amit, Khat-udomkiri, Nuntawat, Kleinwächter, Maik, Kouchaksaraee, Reza M., Krismariono, Agung, Kronschläger, Martin, Kulapichitr, Fareeya, Laguna, Juan Carlos, Lang, Roman, Lani, Mohd Nizam, Lauer, Anna Andrea, Li, Xuguang, Lip, Gregory Y.H., Liu, Shao Quan, Loja, Pedro Darío Cedeño, Lyu, Weida, Macedo Brand, Ana Laura, Machado, Fernanda, Machado, Marlene, Maheshwari, Rajesh A., Manippa, Valerio, Maqboul, Iyad, Marandi, Sayyed Mohammad, Marinho, Daniele Alves, Martel, Fátima, Martins, Cleodice Alves, Martins, Fátima O., Mattioli, Anna Vittoria, Mazzafera, Paulo, Mohammad, Beisan, Morejon, Karen Rafaela Mayorga, MotieGhader, Habib, Máthé, Domokos, Munde, Manojkumar K., Murillo, Ricardo Augusto Luna, Murthy, Pushpa S., Myo, Hla, Navarini, Luciano, Netto, Annibal Duarte Pereira, Nguyen, Linh Nham, Noormohammadi, Haniyeh, Nugraha, Alexander Patera, Oboh, Ganiyu, Ogawa, Motohiko, Oliveira, Emanuele C.S., Oliveira, M. Beatriz P.P., Oliveira, Paulo J., Orjuela-Cañón, Alvaro David, Osorio-Arias, Juan Camilo, Oussou, Kouame Fulbert, Padulo, Caterina, Palomo, Iván, Pastoriza, Silvia, Patel, Vinood B., Pedroso, Andressa Bressan, Peerapen, Paleerath, Pereira, Luiz Filipe Protasio, Pham, Kitty, Pires, Luciana Bicalho Cevolani, Preedy, Victor R., Pua, Aileen, Raharimala, Nathalie Eva, Raharimalala, Nathalie Eva, Rajendram, Rajkumar, Ray, Aratrika, Retnowati, Wiwin, Rodríguez, Lyanne, Roglans, Núria, Romualdo, Guilherme Ribeiro, Ruelas-Chacón, Xóchitl, Rufián-Henares, José Ángel, Ruiss, Manuel, Ruiz-Olaya, Andrés Felipe, Sacramento, Joana F., Sagratini, Gianni, Salari, Solmaz, Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani, Sandoval-Cortes, José, Santanatoglia, Agnese, Santiago, Carmen, Sardão, Vilma A., Scherer, Rodrigo, Selli, Serkan, Selmar, Dirk, Sen, Dhanya B., Sen, Ashim Kumar, Sepúlveda, Magdalena, Shah, Jigna S., Sharma, Nishant, Shi, Xuan-Zheng, Shidqi, Alfisar, Shirkhani, Samaneh, Shooshtari, Maryam Sadat Beheshti, Smrke, Samo, Soni, Ritu, Sík, Attila, Strassburg, Christian P., Surma, Stanisław, Szabó, László, Szentpéteri, József L., Szép, Dávid, Tagliapietra, Silvia, Tanokura, Masaru, Tellería, Francisca, Teramoto, Masayuki, Theurillat, Viviane, Thongboonkerd, Visith, İlhan-Esgin, Merve, Torres-Valenzuela, Laura Sofia, Özbek, Yağmur Demirel, Valente, Letícia Cardoso, Villamar-Torres, Ronald Oswaldo, Vittori, Sauro, Vo, Thi Nga, Wan-Mohtar, Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad, Wang, Ruixuan, Wei, Feifei, Wirths, Oliver, Yang, Lin, Yeretzian, Chahan, Yılmaz, Mustafa Volkan, Yu, Bin, Zanin, Rodolfo Campos, Zidan, Thabet, and Zulfiana, Amalia Ayu

Published
2025
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29. UVR-B-induced NKR-1 Expression in Ocular Tissues is blocked by Substance P Receptor Antagonist Fosaprepitant in the Exposed as well as Unexposed Partner Eye.

Author

Gross, Janine, Wegener, Alfred R., Kronschläger, Martin, Schönfeld, Carl-Ludwig, Holz, Frank G., and Meyer, Linda M.

Subjects
SUBSTANCE P receptors, CHEMOKINES, TISSUE extracts, TISSUES, LABORATORY mice
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of NKR-1 antagonists in an established UVR-B-induced cataract mouse model. Furthermore, to examine the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in mouse eyes following unilateral UVR-B exposure.Methods: Mice received intraperitoneally injections of Fosaprepitant and Spantide I, before and after unilateral exposure to UVR-B. After day 3 and 7 post-exposure, ocular tissues were extracted for the detection of NKR-1 protein level by ELISA.Results: Pretreatment with Fosaprepitant decreases NKR-1 expression in exposed ocular tissues as well as in the unexposed lens epithelium compared to the saline group. Spantide I treatment showed a tendency of NKR-1 overexpression in ocular tissues.Conclusion: The clinically approved NKR-1 receptor antagonist Fosaprepitant decreases NKR-1 protein expression effectively not only in the exposed but also in the unexposed partner eye in a UVR-B irradiation mouse model. No effect was seen on the protein concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in either eye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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35. Single high‐dose peroral caffeine intake inhibits ultraviolet radiation‐induced apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells in vitro.

Author

Kronschläger, Martin, Ruiß, Manuel, Dechat, Thomas, and Findl, Oliver

Subjects
*EPITHELIAL cells, *CAFFEINE, *CATARACT surgery, *ULTRAVIOLET radiation, *APOPTOSIS, *OPHTHALMIC drugs, *OPHTHALMIC surgery
Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to determine whether caffeine concentrations in human lens epithelial cells (LECs) achieved from acute peroral caffeine intake inhibit ultraviolet radiation‐induced apoptosis in vitro. Methods: Patients were planned for cataract surgery of both eyes with a caffeine abstinence of 2 weeks in total, starting 1 week before surgery of the first eye. The second eye was scheduled 1 week after the first eye. At the day of the second eye surgery, patients were given coffee containing 180 mg caffeine shortly before surgery. Lens capsules including LEC, harvested after capsulorhexis, were transferred to a cell culture dish and immediately exposed to close to threshold ultraviolet radiation (UVR). At 24 hr after UVR exposure, apoptotic LECs were analysed by TdT‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results: TUNEL‐positive cells were detected in UVR‐exposed lens capsules both after caffeine intake and in controls. The mean difference in TUNEL‐positive cells between caffeine intake and contralateral controls (no caffeine) resulted in a 95% CI 15.3 ± 10.4% (degrees of freedom: 16). Conclusion: Peroral caffeine consumption significantly decreased UVR‐induced apoptosis in LEC supporting epidemiological findings that caffeine delays the onset of cataract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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39. Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure of One Eye Stimulates Sympathizing Expression of Neurokinin-1 Receptor but Not Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in the Partner Eye.

Author

Gross, Janine, Willimsky, Eva, Wegener, Alfred R., Kronschläger, Martin, Schönfeld, Carl-Ludwig, Holz, Frank G., and Meyer, Linda M.

Subjects
ULTRAVIOLET radiation, CILIARY body, RADIATION exposure, SUBSTANCE P receptors, EYE
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the influence of unilateral ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure on the unexposed, partner eye in vivo. To characterize the immunological cross-talk between the eyes and verify a sympathizing reaction of the partner eye via a neurokinin-dependent signaling pathway of substance P and its neurokinin-1 receptor (NKR-1) and/or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Methods: C57BL/6 mice were unilaterally exposed in vivo to UVR-B to a 5-fold cataract threshold equivalent dose of 14.5 kJ/m2 with a UV irradiation Bio-Spectra system. The unexposed contralateral eye was completely shielded during irradiation. After 3 and 7 days post exposure, eyes were stained with fluorescence-coupled antibody for substance P NKR-1. The same was performed in control animals receiving only anesthesia but no UVR-B exposure. NKR-1 and MCP-1 levels in ocular tissue lysates were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: UVR-B induces NKR-1 upregulation after 3 and 7 days in the exposed and in the unexposed, contralateral mouse eye. NKR-1 protein level was upregulated in the exposed and contralateral iris/ciliary body complex, choroidea and in the contralateral retina as well as in the exposed cornea. MCP-1 levels were elevated in the exposed cornea, iris/ciliary body complex, and aqueous humor but not in contralateral ocular tissues. Conclusions: UVR-B exposure triggers NKR-1 upregulation not only in the exposed but also in the unexposed, partner eye in various ocular tissues. Following UVR-B exposure, MCP-1 protein levels are upregulated in the exposed eye, but the contralateral side remains unaffected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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40. Objective automated quantification of fluorescence signal in histological sections of rat lens

Author

Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Zhou Hagström, Nanna, Yu, Zhaohua, Kronschläger, Martin, Söderberg, Per, Wählby, Carolina, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Zhou Hagström, Nanna, Yu, Zhaohua, Kronschläger, Martin, Söderberg, Per, and Wählby, Carolina

Abstract

Visual quantification and classification of fluorescent signals is the gold standard in microscopy. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated method to delineate cells and to quantify expression of fluorescent signal of biomarkers in each nucleus and cytoplasm of lens epithelial cells in a histological section. A region of interest representing the lens epithelium was manually demarcated in each input image. Thereafter, individual cell nuclei within the region of interest were automatically delineated based on watershed segmentation and thresholding with an algorithm developed in Matlab™. Fluorescence signal was quantified within nuclei, cytoplasms and juxtaposed backgrounds. The classification of cells as labelled or not labelled was based on comparison of the fluorescence signal within cells with local background. The classification rule was thereafter optimized as compared with visual classification of a limited dataset. The performance of the automated classification was evaluated by asking 11 independent blinded observers to classify all cells (n = 395) in one lens image. Time consumed by the automatic algorithm and visual classification of cells was recorded. On an average, 77% of the cells were correctly classified as compared with the majority vote of the visual observers. The average agreement among visual observers was 83%. However, variation among visual observers was high, and agreement between two visual observers was as low as 71% in the worst case. Automated classification was on average 10 times faster than visual scoring. The presented method enables objective and fast detection of lens epithelial cells and quantification of expression of fluorescent signal with an accuracy comparable with the variability among visual observers.

Published
2017
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41. Measuring temperature in the lens during experimental heat load indirectly as light scattering increase rate

Author

Yu, Zhaohua, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Kronschläger, Martin, Söderberg, Per, Yu, Zhaohua, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Kronschläger, Martin, and Söderberg, Per

Abstract

The current study aims to experimentally estimate the temperature in the lens due to heat load indirectly from the measurement of increase rate of temperature-induced light scattering. The lens was extracted from Sprague-Dawley rats and put into a temperature-controlled cuvette filled with balanced salt solution. Altogether, 80 lenses were equally divided on four temperature groups. Each lens was exposed for 5 minutes to temperature depending on group belonging while the intensity of forward light scattering was recorded. The inclination coefficient of light scattering increase at the temperature 37, 40, 43, and 46 ºC was estimated as a CI(0.95), 3.1±0.8, 4.4±0.8, 5.5±0.9 and 7.0±0.8 x10-4 tEDC/s, respectively. The Arrhenius equation implies that the natural logarithm of the inclination coefficient is linearly dependent on the inverse of the temperature. The proportionality constant and the intercept were 9.6±2.4 x103 K and 22.8±7.7. The activation energy was 8.0±2.0 x101 kJ·mol-1. The current experiment implies that if averaging 20 measurements of inclination coefficients in a new experiment at constant heat load, the confidence limits for predicted temperature correspond to ±1.9 °C. With the proportionality constant and the intercept estimated in the current experiment, the in vivo temperature in the lens can be determined retrospectively with sufficient resolution.

Published
2017
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45. Prevention of Experimental Cataract Induced by UVR

Author

Kronschläger, Martin

Subjects
thioltransferase, ultraviolet radiation, Ophthalmology, integumentary system, cataract, fungi, apoptosis, Oftalmologi, caffeine
Abstract

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world and is defined by opacification of the normally transparent lens of the eye. The major avoidable cause of cataract is ultraviolet radiation (UVR), but no current strategies have been developed to prevent the onset of cataract. Apoptosis and internal and external antioxidant systems that inhibit apoptosis have been shown to play a significant role in cataractogenesis. The main purposes of this thesis were to study the time evolution of apoptosis, to develop the concept of a protection factor (PF), and to investigate the effect of thioltransferase (Grx1) and topical caffeine in UVR cataract development. Further, to elucidate pharmacokinetics and influence on iris diameter of topical caffeine. Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to UVR and TUNEL staining of the lens sections was analysed. Grx1+/+ and Grx1-/- mice were exposed to 5 sub-doses of UVR. Based on the difference of light scattering between Grx1+/+ and Grx1-/- mice, the concept of the PF was developed. Topical caffeine and a placebo were applied to the eyes of separate groups of Sprague Dawley rats that were exposed to sub-doses of UVR and protective effect was evaluated. Penetration of topical caffeine in Sprague Dawley rats to lens and blood was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Pupil diameter was measured in groups of unilaterally and bilaterally caffeine-treated ketamine/xylazine anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. TUNEL-labeling peaked between 5 and 120 hours after UVR exposure. The PF of Grx1 was 1.3. Moreover, topically administered caffeine protected against UVR-induced cataract development with a PF of 1.23. Topical caffeine peaked at 30 min in the lens, increased up to 120 min in the blood and antagonized ketamine/xylazine-induced mydriasis. In conclusion, UVR induces apoptosis, which is evidenced by the peak of TUNEL-labeling at 24 hours after UVR exposure. The PF is an objective relative measure of protective properties that allows the comparison of different antioxidant systems and administered antioxidant substances. Grx1 and caffeine are protective against UVR-induced cataract. Topically administered caffeine penetrates to the lens and inhibits UVR-induced apoptosis. Additionally, a miotic effect of caffeine is described for the first time.

Published
2014

46. Modelling the time evolution of active caspase-3 protein in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to Ultraviolet radiation-B : Model for active caspase-3 expression after in vivo exposure to UVR-300 nm

Author

Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Yu, Zhaohua, Kronschläger, Martin, and Söderberg, Per

Subjects
modelling, ultraviolet radiation, caspase-3, Ophthalmology, integumentary system, spatial distribution, lens, fungi, Oftalmologi, time evolution
Abstract

Purpose: To introduce a model for the time evolution of active caspase-3 protein expression in albino rat lens up to 24 hours after in vivo exposure to low dose UVR in the 300 nm wavelength region (UVR-300 nm). Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were unilaterally exposed in vivo to 1 kJ/m2 UVR-300 nm for 15 minutes. At 0.5, 8, 16, and 24 hours after the UVR exposure, the exposed and contralateral not-exposed lenses were removed and processed for immunohistochemistry. The differences in the probability of active caspase-3 expression at four different time points after exposure were used to determine the time evolution of active caspase-3 expression. A logistic model was introduced for the expression of active caspase-3. The parameters for the exposed and the not exposed lenses were estimated for the observation time points. Results: The exposure to UVR-300 nm impacted on the parameters of the logistic model. Further, the parameters of the model varied with time after exposure to UVR-300 nm. Conclusion: The logistic model predicts the impact of exposure to UVR-300 nm on the spatial distribution of probability of active caspase-3 protein expression, depending on time.

Published
2014

47. Temperature-controlled in vivo ocular exposure to 1090-nm radiation suggests that near-infrared radiation cataract is thermally induced

Author

Yu, Zhaohua, Schulmeister, Karl, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Kronschläger, Martin, Söderberg, Per, Yu, Zhaohua, Schulmeister, Karl, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Kronschläger, Martin, and Söderberg, Per

Abstract

The damage mechanism for near infrared radiation induced (IRR) cataract is unclear. Both a photochemical and a thermal mechanism were suggested. The current paper aims to elucidate a photochemical effect based on investigation of irradiance-exposure time reciprocity. Groups of 20 rats were unilaterally exposed to 96 W/cm2 IRR at 1090 nm within the dilated pupil accumulating 57, 103, 198, 344 kJ/cm2 respectively. Temperature was recorded at the limbus of the exposed eye. Seven days after exposure, the lenses were macroscopically imaged and light scattering was measured quantitatively. The average maximum temperature increase for exposure time 10, 18, 33, 60 minutes was expressed as CI(0.95); 7.0±1.1, 6.8±1.1, 7.6±1.3, 7.4±1.1 ºC at the limbus of the exposed eye. The difference of light scattering in the lenses between exposed and contralateral not exposed eyes was 0.00±0.02, 0.01±0.03, -0.01±0.02, -0.01±0.03 tEDC, respectively and no apparent morphological changes in the lens were observed. An exposure to 96 W/cm2 1090 nm IRR projected on the cornea within the dilated pupil accumulating radiant exposures up to 344 kJ/cm2 does not induce cataract if the temperature rise at the limbus is below 8 °C. This is consistent with a thermal damage mechanism for IRR induced cataract.

Published
2015
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48. Near infrared radiation damage mechanism in the lens

Author

Söderberg, Per G., Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Galichanin, Konstantin, Kronschläger, Martin, Schulmeister, Karl, Yu, Zhaohua, Söderberg, Per G., Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Galichanin, Konstantin, Kronschläger, Martin, Schulmeister, Karl, and Yu, Zhaohua

Abstract

The current data strongly indicates that there is no photochemical effect of in vivo exposure to 1090 nm near IRR radiation within the pupil. Four groups of 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were unilaterally exposed in vivo to 96 W.cm(-2) centered inside the pupil for 10, 18, 33 and 60 min, respectively depending on group belonging. This resulted in radiant exposure doses of 57, 103, 198 and 344 kJ.cm(-2). Temperature evolution at the limbus during the exposure and difference of intensity of forward light scattering between the exposed and the contralateral not exposed eye was measured at 1 week after exposure. The temperature at the limbus was found to increase exponentially towards an asymptote with an asymptote temperature of around 7 degrees C and a time constant (1/k) of around 15 s. No increase of light scattering was found despite that the cumulated radiant exposure dose was [80; 250] times the threshold for photochemically induced cataract suggested by previous empirical data. It is concluded that at 1090 nm near IRR there is no photochemical effect.

Published
2015
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49. Near infrared radiation damage mechanism in the lens

Author

Söderberg, Per, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Galichanin, Konstantin, Kronschläger, Martin, Schulmeister, Karl, Yu, Zhaohua, Söderberg, Per, Talebizadeh, Nooshin, Galichanin, Konstantin, Kronschläger, Martin, Schulmeister, Karl, and Yu, Zhaohua

Published
2015

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