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37 results on '"Krombel, K. E."'

1. WiZard: a program to measure cosmic-ray antiprotons and positrons, and search for primordial antimatter

Author

Golden, R. L., Ahlen, S. P., Beatty, J. J., Crawford, H. J., Lindstrom, P. J., Ormes, J. F., Streitmatter, R. E., Bower, C. R., Heinz, R. M., Mufson, S., Guzik, T. G., Wefel, J. P., Stephens, S. A., Adams, J. H., Krombel, K. E., Tylka, A. J., Simon, M., Mathis, K. D., Picozza, P., Barbiellini, G., Basini, G., Bongiorno, F., Ricci, M., Codino, A., De Marzo, C., Managelli, B., Galeotti, P., Spillantini, P., and Bocciolini, M.

Published
1990
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2. Erratum to: WiZard: a program to measure cosmic-ray antiprotons and positrons, and search for primordial antimatter

Author

Golden, R. L., Ahlen, S. P., Beatty, J. J., Crawford, H. J., Lindstrom, P. J., Ormes, J. F., Streitmatter, P. J., Bower, C. R., Heinz, R. M., Mufson, S., Guzik, T. G., Wefel, J. P., Sthephens, S. A., Adams, J. H., Krombel, K. E., Tylka, A. J., Simon, M., Mathis, K. D., Picozza, P., Barbiellini, G., Basini, G., Bongiorno, F., Ricci, M., Codino, A., De Marzo, C., Marangelli, B., Galeotti, P., Spillantini, P., and Bocciolini, M.

Published
1991
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3. The Cosmic Ray ^3He/^4He Ratio from 200 MeV per Nucleon^(-1) to 3.7 GeV per Nucleon^(-1)

Author

Reimer, O., Menn, W., Hof, M., Simon, M., Davis, A. J., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Schindler, S. M., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Krombel, K. E., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Streitmatter, R. E., Golden, R. L., Stochaj, S. J., Webber, W. R., and Rassmussen, I. L.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The abundances of cosmic-ray helium isotopes between 0.2 and 3.7 GeV nucleon^(-1) were measured by the Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX) during a flight from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada on 1992 July 16-17. The IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer realized a direct measurement of the charge, the velocity, and the rigidity of cosmic rays using plastic scintillators, a high-resolution time-of-flight system, and two silica-aerogel Cerenkov counters in conjunction with a drift chamber/multiwire proportional chamber tracking system. About 75,000 helium isotopes are identified by their mass using the velocity versus magnetic rigidity technique. The measured ^3He/^4He ratios are corrected to the top of the atmosphere, and a comparison with previous data is given. The observed isotopic composition is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of a standard leaky box model of cosmic-ray transport in the Galaxy.

Published
1998

4. The Cosmic Ray ^3He/^4He Ratio from 200 MeV/nucleon^(-1) to 3.7 GeV/nucleon^(-1)

Author

Reimer, O., Menn, W., Hof, M., Simon, M., Davis, A. J., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Schindler, S. M., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Krombel, K. E., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Streitmatter, R. E., Golden, R. L., Stochaj, S. J., Webber, W. R., and Rassmussen, I. L.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The abundances of cosmic-ray helium isotopes between 0.2 and 3.7 GeV nucleon^(-1) were measured by the Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX) during a flight from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada on 1992 July 16-17. The IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer realized a direct measurement of the charge, the velocity, and the rigidity of cosmic rays using plastic scintillators, a high-resolution time-of-flight system, and two silica-aerogel Cerenkov counters in conjunction with a drift chamber/multiwire proportional chamber tracking system. About 75,000 helium isotopes are identified by their mass using the velocity versus magnetic rigidity technique. The measured ^3He/^4He ratios are corrected to the top of the atmosphere, and a comparison with previous data is given. The observed isotopic composition is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of a standard leaky box model of cosmic-ray transport in the Galaxy.

Published
1998

5. Measurement of the Absolute Proton and Helium Flux at the Top of the Atmosphere using IMAX

Author

Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Krizmanic, J. F., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Potgieter, M. S., Raubenheimer, C., and van der Walt, D. J.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The balloon-borne experiment "IMAX" launched from Lynn Lake, Canada in 1992 has been used to measure the cosmic ray proton and helium spectra from 0.2 GeV/n to about 200 GeV/n. The IMAX apparatus was designed to search for antiprotons and light isotopes using a superconducting magnet spectrometer with ancillary scintillators, time-of-flight, and aerogel cherenkov detectors. Using redundant detectors an extensive examination of the instrument efficiency was carried out. We present here the absolute spectra of protons and helium corrected to the top of the atmosphere.

Published
1997

6. Cosmic Ray Hydrogen Isotopes from 0.2 to 3.0 GeV/nucleon

Author

Reimer, O., Davis, A. J., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Stone, E. C., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., and Lamanna, E.

Abstract

We have measured the energy dependent abundances of the hydrogen isotopes by the IMAX balloon-borne magnet spectrometer during a flight in July, 1992. A high- resolution time-of-flight system was used in conjunction with a drift chamber/MWPC-tracking system to determine the mass by means of a velocity vs. magnetic rigidity technique. A model of the instrument response was developed in order to unfold the species and rigidity-dependent effects. Measurements of the ^2H/^1 H-ratio from 0.2 to 3.0 Ge V / n will be presented.

Published
1995

7. Cosmic Ray Antiproton Observations by the Isotope Matter-Antimatter Experiment; 0.2 to 3.2 GeV

Author

Mitchell, J. W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M. I., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., and Lamanna, E.

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Experiment, equipment and supplies, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We have positively identified sixteen mass-resolved cosmic ray anti.protons with energies between 0.2 and 3.2 GeV using the IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer. Mass was determined by velocity vs. magnetic rigidity techniques using a high resolution time-of-flight system and silica-aerogel Cherenkov detectors. The anti.protons are clearly separated from the low-mass particle background. Here the measurement technique, data analysis, and resulting proton and antiproton mass histograms are presented.

Published
1995

8. Cosmic Ray Antiproton Observations from 0.2 to 3.2 GeV

Author

Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Rasmussen, I. L., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., and Lamanna, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX) has detected 16 antiprotons, in the energy range from 0.2 to 3.2 GeV. This result provides significant improvement in statistical accuracy over previous cosmic ray antiproton measurements in the same energy range. This measurement has been corrected for instrumental and atmospheric losses, yielding top-of-the-atmosphere antiproton to proton ratios in three energy intervals. These results are consistent with recent theoretical predictions in which antiprotons are produced as secondary cosmic rays and are transported through the galaxy according to the standard Leaky Box model.

Published
1995

9. Interpretation of the Helium Isotope Ratios Measured by IMAX

Author

Davis, A. J., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., and Lamanna, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present here the IMAX^3He/He^4 ratios between 0.2 and 3.6 GeV /nucleon corrected to the top of the atmosphere, and a preliminary comparison with previous data. and the predictions of a standard 'Leaky Box' model of CR transport in the galaxy. We find no evidence of an excess of ^3He over that predicted by the model, in the energy range studied.

Published
1995

10. ISOMAX: A Balloon-borne Instrument to Study Beryllium and Other Light Isotopes in the Cosmic Radiation

Author

Streitmatter, R. E., Barbier, L. M., Bremerich, M., Christian, E. R., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Leahy, D. A., Hickws, R. B., and Venkatesan, D.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The Isotope Magnet Experiment (ISOMAX), a balloon-borne magnetic rigidity spectrometer designed to measure the light isotopes of the cosmic radiation, is currently under construction. A major goal of the experiment is accurate measurement of the abundance of the radioactive isotope ^(10)Be up to relativistic energies (~ 4 GeV/nucleon). ISOMAX will make use of state-of-the-art instrument technology based on evolutionary development of detectors previously constructed by this collaboration. The ISOMAX detector complement will include high-resolution drift chambers for trajectory detennination, a time-of-flight system, and a Cherenkov detector utilizing silica aerogel radiators. For rare isotopes, a large exposure factor is required to obtain statistlcaJly significant results. ISOMAX is specifically designed to take advantage of the emerging capability for long-duration balloon flights, with a two week dewar lifetime and low-power electronics. The first flight of ISOMAX is planned for 1995.

Published
1993

11. Isotopic composition of cosmic-ray boron and nitrogen

Author

Krombel, K. E and Wiedenbeck, M. E

Subjects
Space Radiation
Abstract

New measurements of the cosmic-ray boron and nitrogen isotopes at earth and of the elemental abundances of boron, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are presented. A region of mutually allowed values for the cosmic-ray nitrogen source ratios is determined, and the cosmic-ray escape mean free path is determined as a function of energy using a leaky box model for cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy. Relative to O-16, a N-15 source abundance consistent with solar system composition and a N-14 source abundance which is a factor of about three underabundant relative to the solar value are found.

Published
1988
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12. The isotopic composition of cosmic ray calcium

Author

Krombel, K. E and Wiedenbeck, M. E

Subjects
Space Radiation
Abstract

Data from the high energy cosmic ray experiment on the international sun earth explorer 3 (ISEE-3) spacecraft have been used to study the isotopic composition of cosmic ray calcium at an energy of approx. 260 MeV/amu. The arriving calcium is found to consist of (32 + or - 6)%. A propagation model consistent with both the light and the subiron secondary element abundances was used for the interpretation of the observed calcium composition. The measured 42Ca+43Ca+44Ca abundance is consistent with the calculated secondary production, while the 40Ca abundance implies a source ratio of 40Ca/Fe = (7.0 + or - 1.7)%.

Published
1985

13. Cosmic-ray abundances of Sn, Te, Xe, and Ba nuclei measured on HEAO 3

Author

Binns, W. R, Israel, M. H, Klarmann, J, Fickle, R. K, Waddington, C. J, Garrard, T. L, Krombel, K. E, and Stone, E. C

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The results of an analysis of HEAO 3 Heavy Nuclei Experimental data covering 440 days of observations of Sn-Ba nuclei in cosmic rays are reported. The particles were detected by a Cernkov counter, and a Z-squared ceiling was calculated to normalize the histograms produced. The observed large abundance of Sn and Ba relative to other elements in the region of interest indicated a predominance of the s-process in the source of the particles. When account was taken of first ionization potential effects, the data indicated that the material could be solar system in origin. A source dominated by the r-process nucleosynthesis was ruled out at the 0.93 confidence level.

Published
1983
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14. The relative abundances of Sn, Te, Xe, Ba and Ce

Author

Krombel, K. E

Subjects
Solar Physics
Abstract

Elements with even atomic number (Z) in the interval 50 or = Z or = 58 were resolved in the cosmic radiation using the Heavy Nuclei Experiment on the HEAO-3 satellite. Their relative abundances were compared with the results expected from pure r-process material, pure s-process material, and solar system material, both with and without a modification due to possible first ionization potential effects. Such effects may be the result of the preferential acceleration, and hence enhancement in the cosmic rays, of those elements having low first ionization potentials. Measurements were found to be inconsistent with pure r-process material at the greater than 98% confidence level whether or not the first ionization potential adjustments are made.

Published
1983

15. Correlation of source abundances of ultraheavy cosmic rays with first ionization potential - Results from HEAO-3

Author

Israel, M. H, Binns, W. R, Grossman, D. P, Klarmann, J, Margolis, S. H, Stone, E. C, Garrard, T. L, Krombel, K. E, Brewster, N. R, and Fickle, R. K

Subjects
Space Radiation
Abstract

The cosmic-ray-source abundances inferred from HEAO-3 observation by the Heavy Nuclei Experiment for Z = 30-60 generally follow the correlation with first-ionization potential which has previously been observed for Z less than 30. However the low Ge abundance suggests that the elemental 'volatility' may be an organizing factor.

Published
1983

16. Cosmic-ray abundances of the even charge elements from Sn-50 to Ce-58 measured on HEAO-3

Author

Stone, E. C, Garrard, T. L, Krombel, K. E, Binns, W. R, Israel, M. H, Klarmann, J, Brewster, N. R, Fickle, R. K, and Waddington, C. J

Subjects
Space Radiation
Abstract

Elements with even atomic number (Z) in the interval Z = 50-58 have been resolved in the cosmic radiation using the Heavy Nuclei Experiment on the HEAO-3 satellite. The observation that Sn-50 and Ba-56 are more abundant than Te-52 and Xe-54 indicates a substantial s-process contribution to the cosmic ray source. A significant abundance of Ce-58 provides further support for this finding.

Published
1983

17. A Measurement of Cosmic Ray Deuterium from 0.5-2.9 GeV/nucleon

Author

Mewaldt, R. A., Miller, Marjorie, Jokipii, J. R., Lee, Martin A., Zurbuchen, T. H., Möbius, E., deNolfo, G. A., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Mewaldt, R. A., Miller, Marjorie, Jokipii, J. R., Lee, Martin A., Zurbuchen, T. H., Möbius, E., deNolfo, G. A., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

The rare isotopes ^2H and ^3He in cosmic rays are believed to originate mainly from the interaction of high energy protons and helium with the galactic interstellar medium. The unique propagation history of these rare isotopes provides important constraints on galactic cosmic ray source spectra and on models for their propagation within the Galaxy. Hydrogen and helium isotopes were measured with the balloon-borne experiment, IMAX, which flew from Lynn Lake, Manitoba in 1992. The energy spectrum of deuterium between 0.5 and 3.2 GeV/nucleon measured by the IMAX experiment as well as previously published results of ^3He from the same instrument will be compared with predictions of cosmic ray galactic propagation models. The observed composition of the light isotopes is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of the standard Leaky Box Model derived to fit observations of heavier nuclei.

Published
2000

18. A measurement of cosmic ray deuterium from 0.5–2.9 GeV/nucleon

Author

Mewaldt, Richard A., Miller, Marjorie, Jokipii, J. R., Lee, Martin A., Zurbuchen, Thomas H., Möbius, Eberhard, de Nolfo, G. A., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simons, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Mewaldt, Richard A., Miller, Marjorie, Jokipii, J. R., Lee, Martin A., Zurbuchen, Thomas H., Möbius, Eberhard, de Nolfo, G. A., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simons, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

The rare isotopes ^(2)H and ^(3)He in cosmic rays are believed to originate mainly from the interaction of high energy protons and helium with the galactic interstellar medium. The unique propagation history of these rare isotopes provides important constraints on galactic cosmic ray source spectra and on models for their propagation within the Galaxy. Hydrogen and helium isotopes were measured with the balloon-borne experiment, IMAX, which flew from Lynn Lake, Manitoba in 1992. The energy spectrum of deuterium between 0.5 and 3.2 GeV/nucleon measured by the IMAX experiment as well as previously published results of ^(3)He from the same instrument will be compared with predictions of cosmic ray galactic propagation models. The observed composition of the light isotopes is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of the standard Leaky Box Model derived to fit observations of heavier nuclei

Published
2000

19. Measurement of the Absolute Proton and Helium Flux at the Top of the Atmosphere using IMAX

Author

Potgieter, M. S., Raubenheimer, C., van der Walt, D. J., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Krizmanic, J. F., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Potgieter, M. S., Raubenheimer, C., van der Walt, D. J., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Krizmanic, J. F., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

The balloon-borne experiment "IMAX" launched from Lynn Lake, Canada in 1992 has been used to measure the cosmic ray proton and helium spectra from 0.2 GeV/n to about 200 GeV/n. The IMAX apparatus was designed to search for antiprotons and light isotopes using a superconducting magnet spectrometer with ancillary scintillators, time-of-flight, and aerogel cherenkov detectors. Using redundant detectors an extensive examination of the instrument efficiency was carried out. We present here the absolute spectra of protons and helium corrected to the top of the atmosphere.

Published
1997

20. Cosmic Ray Antiproton Observations by the Isotope Matter-Antimatter Experiment; 0.2 to 3.2 GeV

Author

Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Mitchell, J. W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M. I., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Mitchell, J. W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M. I., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

We have positively identified sixteen mass-resolved cosmic ray anti.protons with energies between 0.2 and 3.2 GeV using the IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer. Mass was determined by velocity vs. magnetic rigidity techniques using a high resolution time-of-flight system and silica-aerogel Cherenkov detectors. The anti.protons are clearly separated from the low-mass particle background. Here the measurement technique, data analysis, and resulting proton and antiproton mass histograms are presented.

Published
1995

21. Cosmic Ray Antiproton Observations from 0.2 to 3.2 GeV

Author

Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Rasmussen, I. L., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Rasmussen, I. L., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

The Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX) has detected 16 antiprotons, in the energy range from 0.2 to 3.2 GeV. This result provides significant improvement in statistical accuracy over previous cosmic ray antiproton measurements in the same energy range. This measurement has been corrected for instrumental and atmospheric losses, yielding top-of-the-atmosphere antiproton to proton ratios in three energy intervals. These results are consistent with recent theoretical predictions in which antiprotons are produced as secondary cosmic rays and are transported through the galaxy according to the standard Leaky Box model.

Published
1995

22. Interpretation of the Helium Isotope Ratios Measured by IMAX

Author

Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Davis, A. J., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Davis, A. J., Menn, W., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

We present here the IMAX^3He/He^4 ratios between 0.2 and 3.6 GeV /nucleon corrected to the top of the atmosphere, and a preliminary comparison with previous data. and the predictions of a standard 'Leaky Box' model of CR transport in the galaxy. We find no evidence of an excess of ^3He over that predicted by the model, in the energy range studied.

Published
1995

23. Cosmic Ray Hydrogen Isotopes from 0.2 to 3.0 GeV/nucleon

Author

Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Reimer, O., Davis, A. J., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Stone, E. C., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, N., Lamanna, E., Reimer, O., Davis, A. J., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Stone, E. C., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

We have measured the energy dependent abundances of the hydrogen isotopes by the IMAX balloon-borne magnet spectrometer during a flight in July, 1992. A high- resolution time-of-flight system was used in conjunction with a drift chamber/MWPC-tracking system to determine the mass by means of a velocity vs. magnetic rigidity technique. A model of the instrument response was developed in order to unfold the species and rigidity-dependent effects. Measurements of the ^2H/^1 H-ratio from 0.2 to 3.0 Ge V / n will be presented.

Published
1995

24. The Cosmic Ray ³He/⁴He Ratio from 0.2 to 3.6 GeV/nucleon

Author

Iucci, M., Lamanna, E., Reimer, O., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M. I., Stochaj, S. J., Stone, E. C., Streitmatter, R. E., Webber, W. R., Iucci, M., Lamanna, E., Reimer, O., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M. I., Stochaj, S. J., Stone, E. C., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Abstract

The abundances of cosmic ray helium isotopes between 0.2 and 3.6 GeV/n were measured by the IMAX balloon-borne magnet spectrometer during a flight in Canada in July, 1992. A high-resolution time-of-flight system and two silica-aerogel Cherenkov counters were used in conjunction with a drift chamber/MWPC-tracking system to determine mass by means of the velocity vs. magnetic rigidity technique.

Published
1995

25. A measurement of cosmic ray deuterium from 0.5–2.9 GeV/nucleon.

Author

de Nolfo, G. A., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Davis, A. J., Golden, R. L., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Labrador, A. W., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Reimer, O., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Stochaj, S. J., Streitmatter, R. E., and Webber, W. R.

Subjects
HELIUM isotopes, COSMIC rays, INTERSTELLAR medium
Abstract

The rare isotopes [sup 2]H and [sup 3]He in cosmic rays are believed to originate mainly from the interaction of high energy protons and helium with the galactic interstellar medium. The unique propagation history of these rare isotopes provides important constraints on galactic cosmic ray source spectra and on models for their propagation within the Galaxy. Hydrogen and helium isotopes were measured with the balloon-borne experiment, IMAX, which flew from Lynn Lake, Manitoba in 1992. The energy spectrum of deuterium between 0.5 and 3.2 GeV/nucleon measured by the IMAX experiment as well as previously published results of [sup 3]He from the same instrument will be compared with predictions of cosmic ray galactic propagation models. The observed composition of the light isotopes is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of the standard Leaky Box Model derived to fit observations of heavier nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

26. The Absolute Flux of Protons and Helium at the Top of the Atmosphere Using IMAX

Author

Menn, W., primary, Hof, M., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Simon, M., additional, Davis, A. J., additional, Labrador, A. W., additional, Mewaldt, R. A., additional, Schindler, S. M., additional, Barbier, L. M., additional, Christian, E. R., additional, Krombel, K. E., additional, Krizmanic, J. F., additional, Mitchell, J. W., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Streitmatter, R. E., additional, Golden, R. L., additional, Stochaj, S. J., additional, Webber, W. R., additional, and Rasmussen, I. L., additional

Published
2000
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27. ISOMAX: A Balloon-borne Instrument to Study Beryllium and Other Light Isotopes in the Cosmic Radiation

Author

Leahy, D. A., Hickws, R. B., Venkatesan, D., Streitmatter, R. E., Barbier, L. M., Bremerich, M., Christian, E. R., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., Simon, M., Leahy, D. A., Hickws, R. B., Venkatesan, D., Streitmatter, R. E., Barbier, L. M., Bremerich, M., Christian, E. R., Hof, M., Krombel, K. E., Menn, W., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Rasmussen, I. L., Schindler, S. M., and Simon, M.

Abstract

The Isotope Magnet Experiment (ISOMAX), a balloon-borne magnetic rigidity spectrometer designed to measure the light isotopes of the cosmic radiation, is currently under construction. A major goal of the experiment is accurate measurement of the abundance of the radioactive isotope ^(10)Be up to relativistic energies (~ 4 GeV/nucleon). ISOMAX will make use of state-of-the-art instrument technology based on evolutionary development of detectors previously constructed by this collaboration. The ISOMAX detector complement will include high-resolution drift chambers for trajectory detennination, a time-of-flight system, and a Cherenkov detector utilizing silica aerogel radiators. For rare isotopes, a large exposure factor is required to obtain statistlcaJly significant results. ISOMAX is specifically designed to take advantage of the emerging capability for long-duration balloon flights, with a two week dewar lifetime and low-power electronics. The first flight of ISOMAX is planned for 1995.

Published
1993

28. The Cosmic‐Ray3He/4He Ratio from 200 MeV per Nucleon−1to 3.7 GeV per Nucleon−1

Author

Reimer, O., primary, Menn, W., additional, Hof, M., additional, Simon, M., additional, Davis, A. J., additional, Labrador, A. W., additional, Mewaldt, R. A., additional, Schindler, S. M., additional, Barbier, L. M., additional, Christian, E. R., additional, Krombel, K. E., additional, Mitchell, J. W., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Streitmatter, R. E., additional, Golden, R. L., additional, Stochaj, S. J., additional, Webber, W. R., additional, and Rasmussen, I. L., additional

Published
1998
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29. Balloon-borne direct search for ionizing massive particles as a component of the galactic halo dark matter (The Arizona-IMAX Collaboration)

Author

McGuire, P. C., primary, Bowen, T., additional, Barker, D. L., additional, Halverson, P. G., additional, Kendall, K. R., additional, Metcalfe, T. S., additional, Norton, R. S., additional, Pifer, A. E., additional, Barbier, L. M., additional, Christian, E. R., additional, Krombel, K. E., additional, Mitchell, J. W., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Streitmatter, R. E., additional, Davis, A. J., additional, Labrador, A. W., additional, Mewaldt, R. A., additional, Schindler, S. M., additional, Golden, R. L., additional, Stochaj, S. J., additional, and Webber, W. R., additional

Published
1995
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32. The Cosmic-Ray 3He/4He Ratio from 200 MeV per Nucleon?1to 3.7 GeV per Nucleon?1

Author

Reimer, O., Menn, W., Hof, M., Simon, M., Davis, A. J., Labrador, A. W., Mewaldt, R. A., Schindler, S. M., Barbier, L. M., Christian, E. R., Krombel, K. E., Mitchell, J. W., Ormes, J. F., Streitmatter, R. E., Golden, R. L., Stochaj, S. J., Webber, W. R., and Rasmussen, I. L.

Abstract

The abundances of cosmic-ray helium isotopes between 0.2 and 3.7 GeV nucleon-1were measured by the Isotope Matter Antimatter Experiment (IMAX) during a flight from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada on 1992 July 16-17. The IMAX balloon-borne magnetic spectrometer realized a direct measurement of the charge, the velocity, and the rigidity of cosmic rays using plastic scintillators, a high-resolution time-of-flight system, and two silica-aerogel Cerenkov counters in conjunction with a drift chamber/multiwire proportional chamber tracking system. About 75,000 helium isotopes are identified by their mass using the velocity versus magnetic rigidity technique. The measured 3He/4He ratios are corrected to the top of the atmosphere, and a comparison with previous data is given. The observed isotopic composition is found to be generally consistent with the predictions of a standard leaky box model of cosmic-ray transport in the Galaxy.

Published
1998
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33. Correlation of Source Abundances of Ultraheavy Cosmic Rays with First Ionization Potential - Results from HEAO-3

Author

Israel, M. H., Binns, W. R., Grossman, D. P., Klarmann, J., Margolis, S. H., Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., Waddington, C. J., and Durgaprasad, N.

Abstract

The cosmic-ray-source abundances inferred from HEAO-3 observation by the Heavy Nuclei Experiment for 30 < Z < 60 generally follow the correlation with first-ionization potential which has previously been observed for Z < 30. However the low Ge abundance suggests that the elemental "volatility" may be an organizing factor.

Published
1983

34. Cosmic-Ray Abundances of the Even Charge Elements from _(50)Sn to _(58)Ce Measured on HEAO-3

Author

Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Binns, W. R., Israel, M. H., Klamiann, J., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., Waddington, C. J., and Durgaprasad, N.

Abstract

Elements with even atomic number (Z) in the interval 50 ≤ Z ≤ 58 have been resolved in the cosmic radiation using the Heavy Nuclei Experiment on the HEAO-3 satellite. The observation that _(50)Sn and _(56)Ba are more abundant that _(52)Te and _(54)Xe indicates a substantial s-process contribution to the cosmic ray source. A significant abundance of _(58)Ce provides further support for this finding.

Published
1983

35. Cosmic-Ray Abundances of the Even Charge Elements from _(50)Sn to _(58)Ce Measured on HEAO-3

Author

Durgaprasad, N., Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Binns, W. R., Israel, M. H., Klamiann, J., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., Waddington, C. J., Durgaprasad, N., Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Binns, W. R., Israel, M. H., Klamiann, J., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., and Waddington, C. J.

Abstract

Elements with even atomic number (Z) in the interval 50 ≤ Z ≤ 58 have been resolved in the cosmic radiation using the Heavy Nuclei Experiment on the HEAO-3 satellite. The observation that _(50)Sn and _(56)Ba are more abundant that _(52)Te and _(54)Xe indicates a substantial s-process contribution to the cosmic ray source. A significant abundance of _(58)Ce provides further support for this finding.

Published
1983

36. Correlation of Source Abundances of Ultraheavy Cosmic Rays with First Ionization Potential - Results from HEAO-3

Author

Durgaprasad, N., Israel, M. H., Binns, W. R., Grossman, D. P., Klarmann, J., Margolis, S. H., Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., Waddington, C. J., Durgaprasad, N., Israel, M. H., Binns, W. R., Grossman, D. P., Klarmann, J., Margolis, S. H., Stone, E. C., Garrard, T. L., Krombel, K. E., Brewster, N. R., Fickle, R. K., and Waddington, C. J.

Abstract

The cosmic-ray-source abundances inferred from HEAO-3 observation by the Heavy Nuclei Experiment for 30 < Z < 60 generally follow the correlation with first-ionization potential which has previously been observed for Z < 30. However the low Ge abundance suggests that the elemental "volatility" may be an organizing factor.

Published
1983

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