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Hibiscus sheet mask is a natural skin care solution made from hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.). The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, chemical, and organoleptic of hibiscus sheet mask as an alternative to natural skin care. This study used a red and layered hibiscus flower crown. Extracts were made using the maceration method. The results of the flower extract are then made in various variations of mask formulas. The Hibiscus sheet mask was then analyzed by 10 panelists for its physical, chemical and organoleptic. The results showed that the higher the concentration of hibiscus flower extract, the more it produced a mask that was red in color, had a hibiscus aroma and a thick texture. The higher the concentration of hibiscus flower extract, the more the mask has a low pH. Meanwhile, the panelists prefer the hibiscus sheet mask with the 75% formula (F3). Thus, the hibiscus sheet mask can be accepted by the panelists.

The mitotic index of the roots of pigeon pea can be the basis for determining the growth of pigeon pea. The purpose of this research was to determine the time of root cell division, to observe the mitotic phases, and to determine the mitotic index of pigeon pea root cells. The preparation of the pigeon pea was carried out for 4 days to grow the roots. The roots were cut off at 08.00, 08.15, and 08.30 WIT (Eastern Indonesian Time). The roots were cut 0.5-1cm. Carnoy’s solution was used as the fixative solution using the Squash technique. The prepared roots were then observed using an Olympus cx-22 microscope and an OptiLab camera with a magnification of 100x40. The data were descriptively analyzed to describe the images of mitotic phases and the mitotic index presentation in the root cells of pigeon pea. The results of this research showed that the cell division of the pigeon pea roots began at 08.00 WIT, which was marked by the presence of a lot of prophase. The next phases that appeared were prometaphase, metaphase, and anaphase which occurred from 08.15 to 08.30 with different numbers. The highest mitotic index occurred at 08.15, when most of the root cells underwent metaphase. This study succeeded in revealing that the optimum time for pigeon pea root cell division is 08.15 WIT. In the future, this research can help pigeon pea farmers in Southwest of Maluku to carry out vegetative reproduction which is closely related to this mitotic study.

The heavy metal pollution in seawater and sediment can damage mangrove ecosystems and accumulate in mudskipper that lives in mangrove forests. The accumulation of heavy metal in mudskipper can affect the structure of its gill tissue, liver, and muscles. This research aims at (1) analyzing the levels of Pb, Cd, and Cu heavy metals in mudskipper, sediment, and seawater and (2) analyzing the damage to the gill, liver, and muscle tissue of mudskipper due to the exposure to heavy metals. The mudskipper samples were collected from the mangrove forests of Poka, Waai, and Rutong from May to June in 2019. The heavy metal analysis was conducted using the AAS method, while the gill, liver and muscle tissue staining was carried out with the HE (Hematoxylin Eosin) staining method with 40x magnification. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and correlational analysis. The results of the analysis showed that based on the mangrove locations, the order of Pb and Cu accumulation in mudskipper was Rutong> Poka> Waai; while the order of the Cd accumulation was Rutong> Waai> Poka. The changes in the gill tissue structure due to the exposure to heavy metals were in the form of teleangiectasia, secondary lamellar edema, hyperplasia, epithelial desquamation, clubbing, and primary lamellar edema. The changes in the liver tissue structure due to the exposure to heavy metals involved hemorrhage and fat degeneration. The changes in the muscle tissue structure due to the exposure to heavy metals include changes in muscle fibers, edema, and necrosis. The highest accumulation of Pb and Cd was found in gills and muscles from seawater, while low level of heavy metal Cu was found in the liver.

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is one of the biodiversity of Kisar Island, Maluku Barat Daya (MBD). This study aimed to determine the number and size of chromosomes from pigeon pea (C. cajan) from Kisar Island, MBD. The method used for chromosome observation is the squashing method, while for the analysis of the shape and size of chromosomes using the picsart and image raster applications. Data analysis using descriptive analysis with the help of figures and tables. The results showed that the chromosome number of three varieties of pigeon pea (C. cajan) was 2n = 14. The longest chromosome is owned by orange seed varieties that are 9.17 µm, batik color seed varieties are 9.09 μm, the shortest chromosomes are owned by black seed varieties of 8.32 µm. The chromosome length of the three varieties of pigeon pea (C. cajan) varies showing different genome numbers. Key words: Chromosome; Cajanus cajan; Kisar Island; Maluku Barat Daya.

Digital comics are media that support the learning process in the 4.0 era. Digital comics contain the concept of bacteria that is easy for students to understand. The purpose of this study was to analyze the increase in problem-solving skills, critical thinking, and student motivation in learning the concept of bacteria using digital comics. The subjects in this study were 26 third semesters’ students of the biology education program. The comics that are used are digital comics created by researchers using the comic life application. The instruments used were critical thinking test questions and problem-solving and motivation questionnaires. Data analyses were done by using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the t-test analysis showed that there were differences in students' problem solving and critical thinking abilities before and after learning using digital comics "Bacterial Characteristics" (p

The use of local bean as an alternative food to meet the community's nutritional needs has been widely practised by society. One of the popular local beans in Kisar Island, Southwestern Maluku community, is gude bean. The people of Kisar Island have used gude beans and sweet potatoes to make traditional food, namely kolak (sweet compote), while the young pods are used as fresh vegetables. Gude bean can be used as a functional food such as gude essence, sweetened condensed milk, and soy sauce. The research objective was to determine the organoleptic assessment of food products from gude beans. Three sterile food products using gude beans were made in this research. The organoleptic tests were conducted on the Kisar community. Organoleptic panellists were fifteen (15) people originally from Kisar Island who live in Ambon city. Panellists were selected using a purposive sampling technique because they originally from Kisar Island know the nature of gude beans, like gude beans, have consumed gude beans. Descriptive analysis techniques were used as data analysis. The results showed that gude essence, milk, and soy sauce products had good taste, colour, texture, and aroma and were acceptable for consumption. This organoleptic test showed that the Kisar community could accept the gude bean food products.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Resource Based Learning Design Thinking (RBLDT) model to improve student's creative thinking skills, concept gaining, and digital literacy. It is a quasi-experimental study using pre-test and post-test nonequivalent control group design. Furthermore, it was conducted at several senior high schools in Ambon, such as Senior High School 1, 2, 12, and Senior High School Siwalima Ambon in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. From each school, three classes were selected, and 36 students were used as the study samples to obtain a total of 432 students. The data were analyzed using ANCOVA, and post hoc LSD test was performed for every significant result obtained. The results showed that the RBLDT learning model has an effect on creative thinking skills, concept gaining, and digital literacy of students in the class XI senior high school on the subject matter of animal tissue (p

Complex Instruction Team Product (CITP) learning model is one of the creative-innovative learning models which is assumed to be able to empower scientific attitudes and learning outcomes of students. This study aimed to determine students’ scientific attitudes and cognitive learning outcomes by implementing CITP learning model. This research used one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was 18 tenth graders of academic year 2017/2018 of State Senior High School 6 of Ambon, Maluku Province. The data was analyzed using N-Gain test which then continued with dependent samples t-test. This result indicated that the highest achievement of students’ scientific attitudes were honesty and creativity (54). Meanwhile, the N-Gain score of students' cognitive learning outcomes was 0.61. In addition, the results of paired samples t-test show that there was a significant difference (p

Pemilihan strategi dan model pembelajaran yang tepat dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran dapat mengoptimalkan proses belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa SMA Negeri 4 Ambon tentang konsep sistem pernapasan melalui pernerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) dipadukan dengan sepak bola verbal. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA2 SMA Negeri 4 Ambon yang diambil secara random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 31 Januari - 28 Februari 2017 menggunakan metode deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran TPS dipadukan dengan sepak bola verbal mampu meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa dengan sangat baik

Biology learning in the 21st century leads to the empowerment of metacognitive skills. Increased metacognitive skills can support concept understanding and maximize the students’ retention of concepts. This research aimed at investigating the effect of project-based learning strategy on metacognitive skills, concept understanding and retention of class X students of Senior High School 1 Kairatu, West Seram District, Maluku. This research is a quasi-experimental research using pre test-post test nonequivalent control group design. The samples of this research were all students of classX1 of Senior High School 1 Kairatu. The data obtained in this research were the learning results of metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention of the students. The data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The research results showed that the implementation of project-based learning strategy had a significant effect on students’ metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention. Furthermore, the results of post hoc LSD test showed some differences in the notation between the project-based learning strategy and the conventional learning strategy. These results indicated that the learning stages of projectbased learning strategy could empower the students’ metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention.&nbsp

Mangrove (Sonneratia spp.) could be found at Waai seashore, Ambon Island. The remainder of the mangrove stem will be decayed and become the waste product. Some indigenous bacteria species that live in the decayed mangrove stem waste product have cellulolytic and amylolytic characters. The objectives of this research were to: 1) identify and determine the cellulolytic bacteria species; 2) identify and determine the amylolytic bacteria spesies; 3) determine the cellulolytic bacteria species that have the highest cellulase activity; 4) determine the amylolytic bacteria species that have the highest amylase activity. This research was conduct at the Microbiology Laboratory-Biology Departement-State University of Malang, Microbiology Laboratory-Faculty of Medicine-Brawijaya University, Chemistry Laboratory-Muhammadiyah Malang University. Twenty five grams sample were ground and diluted in 225 ml nutrient broth to get 10-1 suspension. Then the suspension were diluted gradually until 10-10. The suspension were inoculated on nutrient agar medium 0.1 ml each, and incubated in 370C during 1x24 hours. Each bacteria colonies were isolated and determine to know which one were the cellulolytic and the amylolytic bacteria. The bacteria isolates were identify. Afterward the cellulase activity as well as the amylase activity were analyzed. The research results shows that: 1) there are 4 cellulolytic bacteria spesies, i.e: Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus pumilus, Planococcus citreus, and Bacillus cereus; 2) there are 4 amylolytic bacteria species, i.e: Bacillus firmus, Nitrobacter sp., Bacillus mycoides, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 3) Bacillus cereus has the highest cellulase activity; 4) Nitrobacter sp. has the highest amylase activity.Keywords: biodiversity, cellulolytic bacteria, amylolytic bacteria, decayed mangrove stem waste product.