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Copyright of Perspektive Mediation is the property of Verlag Oesterreich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Public Health Forum is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Critical infrastructure (CRITIS) in hospitals has become the focus of resilience research due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and also the events in Ukraine. This foundational research examines overall contexts, categorizing and quantifying them. Previous research examined limited scale damage situations with little CRITIS involvement: Worst case studies are missing. The vulnerabilities of the CRITIS of one or more countries will likewise be a prime target for attack in current and future conflicts or criminal extortion, this is especially true in the healthcare sector. Therefore, detailed research with a black swan scenario is necessary in this field. Objective: The aim of the study was to create and validate a categorized and weighted model for the self-assessment of the resilience of critical infrastructure in German hospitals at different levels of care before the exemplary scenario of a prolonged supraregional power blackout. Material and methods: Using an explorative design, experts from 8 hospitals of different care levels performed an expert-based qualitative system analysis to develop, weight and test the model. The resilience index was then calculated using adapted interdependence analyses in a Vester influence matrix. Results: A total of 7 categories and 24 subcategories of hospital CRITIS were identified. There are several key elements: rank 1 of active elements is the emergency power system (E1), and for passive elements, it is the nursing staff (P2). This means that the emergency power system has the greatest impact on all other areas and the nursing staff are most dependent on all others for their work. The most critical elements, because they are most intertwined in the overall system, are the situation center/command staff (Z1) and technical staff (P3), on which the entire system depends. From the weighted individual elements of CRITIS, an overall resilience for a hospital can be calculated (resilience index). The developed model can be used by hospital crisis experts as part of a self-assessment to provide a basis for risk management, financial planning, technical planning, personnel planning or crisis and disaster management. Conclusion: The categorization and quantification of critical infrastructure (CRITIS) in hospitals with the aim of resilience documentation and optimization is possible. The model that has been developed allows rapid adaptation to changing initial situations and increases in resilience that can be realized in the short and medium term. Emergency and crisis preparedness is a dynamic process, which has been combined here with the further development of critical infrastructure. Consequently, there can be no final state to be achieved but only a certain best possible framework within which the hospital as a business enterprise can operate. The classification of the categories in the model must also be constantly further developed and adapted to the current status. Once the explorative and qualitative basic research has been completed, it is necessary in a further step to subject the model, which has been validated by experts, to a broader review. Ideally, this will be done using quantitative methods and a significantly larger sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of SWS - Rundschau is the property of Verein fur interdisziplinare sozialwissenschaftliche Studien und Analysen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Projekt-Management Aktuell is the property of Narr Francke Attempto Verlag GmbH & Co.KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In diesem Beitrag wird der krisenspezifische Einfluss der Covid-19-Pandemie auf wohlfahrtsstaatliche Solidarität während der ersten Infektionswelle und des ersten Lockdowns von März bis Mai 2020 untersucht. Wir verknüpfen dabei ein wohlfahrtsstaatssoziologisches Verständnis von Solidarität mit katastrophensoziologischen Überlegungen zu krisenspezifischer Solidarität und einer differenzierungstheoretischen Sichtweise auf Institutionenwandel. Mittels einer strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse der Bundestagsplenarprotokolle wird ein innerparlamentarischer Solidarisierungsdruck nachgezeichnet, der zu einer krisenspezifischen Vergemeinschaftung führt. Durch die qualitative Analyse der Parlamentsdebatten verdeutlichen wir zudem die temporäre Begrenzung dieses Zusammenhangs, der nach erfolgreicher Rekonstitution einer gemeinsamen normativen Basis der Parlamentsmitglieder die Wiederaufnahme von parteipolitischen Solidaritätskonflikten erst ermöglichte. Auf einer weiteren Ebene arbeiten wir die Stabilisierungsfunktion von wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Solidarität als abstrakter normativer Leitidee heraus, die auch in konflikthaften Aushandlungen von sozialpolitischen Maßnahmen ihre Wirkung entfaltet. This paper examines the crisis-specific impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on welfare state solidarity during the first wave of infection and the first lockdown from March to May 2020. We combine a sociological understanding of solidarity in the context of the welfare state with sociological reflections on crisis-specific solidarity and a differentiation-theoretical perspective on institutional change. By means of a structuring content analysis of the Bundestagsplenarprotokolle, an intra-parliamentary solidarity pressure is traced that leads to crisis-specific Vergemeinschaftung. Through the qualitative analysis of the parliamentary debates, we also clarify the temporary limitation of this connection, which made the resumption of party-political solidarity conflicts possible in the first place after the successful reconstitution of a common normative basis of the members of parliament. On a further level, we elaborate the stabilizing function of welfare state solidarity as an abstract normative guiding idea (Leitidee), which also exerts its effect in conflictual negotiations of social policy measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Der russische Angriff auf die Ukraine am 24.02.2022 kam für viele überraschend – obwohl es an Warnungen nicht gefehlt hatte. Ein wesentliches Merkmal der aktuellen Debatte in Deutschland ist der Verweis auf diesen Widerspruch. Dabei wird jedoch nicht diskutiert, ob dieser Widerspruch nur im konkreten Einzelfall bestand, oder ob es sich hier um ein möglicherweise häufiger auftretendes Phänomen handelt. Daran wird deutlich, dass die hiesige Debatte ohne Kenntnis des Forschungsstandes zum Phänomen der Überraschung geführt wird, in der diese Frage eine zentrale Rolle spielt. Hier stehen drei Fragen im Mittelpunkt: (1) warum kommt es dazu, dass Regierungen überrascht werden? (2) Gibt es wiederkehrende oder strukturelle Faktoren, die die Anfälligkeit oder Wahrscheinlichkeit, Opfer eine Überraschung zu werden erhöhen? (3) Können Überraschungen in der Zukunft verhindert werden? Der folgende Beitrag diskutiert die von der Forschung identifizierten Faktoren ebenso wie die Frage, ob sich Überraschungen in der Zukunft verhindern lassen. Dabei kommt er zu dem Schluss, dass auch in Zukunft mit Überraschungen zu rechnen ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund gibt er Empfehlungen, die die Anfälligkeit für Überraschungen verringern können, und die Resilienz bei Eintreten unerwarteter Ereignisse erhöhen. The Russian attack on Ukraine on 24 February came as a surprise to many – although there had been no lack of warnings. A key feature of the current debate in Germany is the reference to this contradiction. However, there is no discussion of whether this contradiction only exists in a specific individual case or is an essential feature of surprises when they befall governments. This makes it clear that the German debate is conducted without knowledge of the state of research on the phenomenon of surprise, in which this question plays a central role. Three questions are central here: (1) why do governments get surprised? (2) Are there recurrent or structural factors that increase the vulnerability or likelihood of becoming a victim of surprise? (3) Can surprises be prevented in the future? The following article discusses the factors identified by research as well as the question of whether surprises can be prevented in the future. It comes to the conclusion that surprises can also be expected in the future. Against this background, he makes recommendations that can reduce vulnerability to surprises and increase resilience when unexpected events occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Medizinische Klinik: Intensivmedizin & Notfallmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)