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Background: The Dental Public Health Services of the Ministry of Health, Malaysia have introduced Cention N as a primary restorative material in the health care centers all over the country. Thus, in this scenario, a comprehensive evaluation of Cention N as compared to other restorative materials, in terms of fluoride release, assumes to be of utmost relevance. Fluoride release plays a pivotal role in the prevention of secondary dental caries, and dental restorations facilitate direct fluoride delivery to the susceptible tooth surface. Aim: To evaluate and compare the fluoride releasing property of Cention N with other restorative materials, EQUIA Forte, Beautifil II and Estelite Quick. Methods and Material: A total of 20 disk-shaped brass-mold samples (6±0.1mm in diameter and 2±0.1mm thickness) for the dental restorative materials were prepared, with five samples for each of Cention N, EQUIA Forte, Beautifil II and Estelite Quick. Following the immersion of samples in deionizing water, the released fluoride ions were measured over 28 days using ion chromatography. Data were obtained at day 1, 7 and 28 post-immersion. Statistical analysis: Data obtained from this investigation was analyzed using the MedCalc statistical software (v. 19.05). Kolmogorov-Smirnove test followed by Repeated Measures ANOVA and ‘Comparison of multiple method’ was applied to statistically compare the fluoride release efficacy of Cention N individually with each of the other three materials. Any difference found was considered significant at P

In recent years, several studies have reported positive outcomes of cell-based therapies despite insufficient engraftment of transplanted cells. These findings have created a huge interest in the regenerative potential of paracrine factors released from transplanted stem or progenitor cells. Interestingly, this notion has also led scientists to question the role of proteins in the secretome produced by cells, tissues or organisms under certain conditions or at a particular time of regenerative therapy. Further studies have revealed that the secretomes derived from different cell types contain paracrine factors that could help to prevent apoptosis and induce proliferation of cells residing within the tissues of affected organs. This could also facilitate the migration of immune, progenitor and stem cells within the body to the site of inflammation. Of these different paracrine factors present within the secretome, researchers have given proper consideration to stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) that plays a vital role in tissue-specific migration of the cells needed for regeneration. Recently researchers recognized that SDF1 could facilitate site-specific migration of cells by regulating SDF1-CXCR4 and/or HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathways which is vital for tissue regeneration. Hence in this study, we have attempted to describe the role of different types of cells within the body in facilitating regeneration while emphasizing the HMGB1-SDF1-CXCR4 pathway that orchestrates the migration of cells to the site where regeneration is needed.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the prior application of intracanal medicaments on the bond strength of OrthoMTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) and iRoot SP to the root dentin. Materials and methods Thirty single-rooted mandibular premolars were standardized and prepared using ProTaper rotary files. The specimens were divided into a control group and two experimental groups receiving Diapex and Odontopaste medicament, either filled with iRoot SP or OrthoMTA, for 1 week. Each root was sectioned transversally, and the push-out bond strength and failure modes were evaluated. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U post hoc test. Results There was no significant difference between the bond strength of iRoot SP and OrthoMTA without medicaments and with the prior placement of Diapex (p value > 0.05). However, iRoot SP showed significantly higher bond strength with the prior placement of Odontopaste (p value 0.05) and between failure mode and root filling materials (p value > 0.05). The prominent failure mode for all groups was cohesive. Conclusion Prior application of Diapex has no effect on the bond strength of iRoot SP and OrthoMTA. However, Odontopaste improved the bond strength of iRoot SP. Clinical significance Dislodgment resistance of root canal filling from root dentin could be an indicator of the durability and prognosis of endodontic treated teeth.

Aim\ud \ud To evaluate and compare the feedback of final year undergraduate dental students in eight Malaysian dental schools on the application of a new system for classifying root canal morphology in teaching and clinical practice.\ud Methods\ud \ud One PowerPoint presentation describing two classification systems for root canal morphology (Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology, 1974 38, 456 and its supplemental configurations, International Endodontic Journal 2017, 50, 761) was delivered to final year undergraduate dental students in eight dental schools in Malaysia by two presenters (each presented to four schools). To examine students’ feedback on the utility of each system, printed questionnaires consisting of six questions (five multiple choice questions and one open‐ended question) were distributed and collected after the lecture. The questionnaire was designed to compare the classification systems in terms of accuracy, practicability, understanding of root canal morphology and recommendation for use in pre‐clinical and clinical courses. The exact test was used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at 0.05 (P = 0.05).\ud Results\ud \ud A total of 382 (out of 447) students participated giving a response rate of 86%. More than 90% of students reported that the new system was more accurate and more practical compared with the Vertucci system (P < 0.001). Overall, 97% of students reported the new system helped their understanding of root and canal morphology compared with the Vertucci classification (P < 0.001). Over 97% of students recommended the use of the new system in teaching, pre‐clinical courses and clinical practice (P < 0.001). Except for two schools, no significant difference was detected between the responses of students for all questions at the different schools (P > 0.05). The students’ responses for all questions were almost similar for both presenters (P > 0.05).\ud Conclusions\ud \ud The new system of International Endodontic Journal 2017, 50, 761 for classifying root and canal morphology was favoured by final year undergraduate dental students in Malaysia. The new system has the potential to be included in the undergraduate endodontic curriculum for teaching courses related to root and canal morphology.