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As legal education incorporates more clinical offerings into the three-year JD curriculum, it becomes more like the training of other professionals. But this isn't enough. Other professionals also are expected to serve post-graduation apprenticeships before they are deemed fully prepared to practice and so licensed to do so. Building an apprenticeship model into post-graduation legal training is a step toward redressing what are inaccurately perceived as shortfalls of legal education. Another step would be moving away from the current one-size-fits-all JD to include alternatives that involve less lengthy and intensive training and certification for specific legal tasks.

I DO not understand why historians and academics, including many gay ones, refuse to believe that homosexuality has been pretty much the same since the beginning of human history, whether [...]

Cryptogenic stroke is associated with an increased prevalence of patent foramen ovale. The Paradoxical Emboli From Large Veins in Ischemic Stroke (PELVIS) study hypothesized that patients with cryptogenic stroke have an increased prevalence of pelvic deep venous thrombosis (DVT).At 5 sites, patients 18 to 60 years of age received an MRI venogram (MRV) of the pelvis within 72 hours of new symptom onset. Clinical data were then determined. Radiologists blinded to clinical data later read the scans.The 95 patients who met entry criteria were scanned. Their mean+/-SD age was 46+/-10 years, and time from stroke onset to pelvic MRV scan was 49+/-16 hours. Compared with those with stroke of determined origin (n=49), patients with cryptogenic stroke (n=46) were significantly younger, had a higher prevalence of patent foramen ovale (61% versus 19%), and had less atherosclerosis risk factors. Cryptogenic patients had more MRV scans with a high probability for pelvic DVT (20%) than patients with stroke of determined origin (4%, P

PURPOSE: The increased prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with cryptogenic strokes suggests the occurrence of paradoxical embolism. The identification of deep venous thromboses (DVTs) in this population would strengthen this hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to image the subdiaphragmatic venous system in a cohort of patients with cryptogenic strokes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 37 patients with cryptogenic brain ischemia and interatrial communication, duplex studies of calf, popliteal, and femoral veins, and magnetic resonance imaging venograms of the pelvis veins were performed. RESULTS: In 10 patients, DVTs were diagnosed that were considered to be the cause of cryptogenic brain ischemia on probable (n = 6) or possible (n = 4) bases. In these patients, the median time from stroke to DVT was 3.25 days. In 5 of these 10 patients, DVTs did not involve popliteal and femoral veins, areas thought most important to pulmonary embolism, but instead were isolated to calf or pelvic veins. Although none of these 10 patients had abnormal blood hypercoagulation tests, 8 of the 10 did have clinical conditions suggesting predisposition to developing DVTs, such as concomitant neoplasms or pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSIONS: Increased evidence for paradoxical embolism may emerge when diagnostic strategies use multiple imaging methods and evaluate a broad extent of the subdiaphragmatic veins.

The article presents a case study of a 11-year-old girl with a history of selective eating presented at the emergency department with progressive nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Upon physical examination, she was dehydrated and had elevated lipase and transaminases levels, a positive urinalysis, and a dilated common bile duct, which led to a clinical diagnosis of pancreatitis.