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6. Human dopaminergic system in the exercise-cognition link

Author

Hou, Meijun, Herold, Fabian, Zhang, Zhihao, Ando, Soichi, Cheval, Boris, Ludyga, Sebastian, Erickson, Kirk I., Hillman, Charles H., Yu, Qian, Liu-Ambrose, Teresa, Kuang, Jin, Kramer, Arthur F., Chen, Yanxia, Costello, Joseph T., Chen, Chong, Dupuy, Olivier, Pindus, Dominika M., McMorris, Terry, Stiernman, Lars, and Zou, Liye

Published
2024
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7. Recent trends and disparities in 24-hour movement behaviors among US youth with mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental conditions

Author

Hou, Meijun, Herold, Fabian, Cheval, Boris, Owen, Neville, Teychenne, Megan, Gerber, Markus, Ludyga, Sebastian, Van Damme, Tine, Hossain, M. Mahbub, Yeung, Albert S., Raichlen, David, Hallgren, Mats, Pindus, Dominika, Maltagliati, Silvio, Werneck, André O., Kramer, Arthur F., Smith, Ashleigh E., Collins, Audrey M., Erickson, Kirk I., Healy, Sean, Haegele, Justin A., Block, Martin E., Lee, Eun Young, García-Hermoso, Antonio, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Liu-Ambrose, Teresa, Falck, Ryan S., and Zou, Liye

Published
2024
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10. A friend in need is a friend indeed: Acute tandem rope skipping enhances inter-brain synchrony of socially avoidant individuals

Author

Deng, Xinmei, Chen, Yangdi, Chen, Kexin, Ludyga, Sebastian, Zhang, Zhihao, Cheval, Boris, Zhu, Weijia, Chen, Jianyu, Ishihara, Toru, Hou, Meijun, Gao, Yangping, Kamijo, Keita, Yu, Qian, Hillman, Charles H., Kramer, Arthur F., Erickson, Kirk I., Delli Paoli, Anthony G., McMorris, Terry, Gerber, Markus, Kuang, Jin, Cheng, Zhihui, Pindus, Dominika, Dupuy, Olivier, Heath, Matthew, Herold, Fabian, and Zou, Liye

Published
2024
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15. Sedentary behavior and lifespan brain health

Author

Zou, Liye, Herold, Fabian, Cheval, Boris, Wheeler, Michael J., Pindus, Dominika M., Erickson, Kirk I., Raichlen, David A., Alexander, Gene E., Müller, Notger G., Dunstan, David W., Kramer, Arthur F., Hillman, Charles H., Hallgren, Mats, Ekelund, Ulf, Maltagliati, Silvio, and Owen, Neville

Published
2024
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18. Meeting 24-h movement behavior guidelines is linked to academic engagement, psychological functioning, and cognitive difficulties in youth with internalizing problems

Author

Gao, Yanping, Yu, Qian, Schuch, Felipe B., Herold, Fabian, Hossain, M. Mahbub, Ludyga, Sebastian, Gerber, Markus, Mullen, Sean P., Yeung, Albert S., Kramer, Arthur F., Taylor, Alyx, Schinke, Robert, Cheval, Boris, Delli Paoli, Anthony G., Ng, Jonathan Leo, Van Damme, Tine, Block, Martin, Cunha, Paolo M., Olds, Timothy, Haegele, Justin A., and Zou, Liye

Published
2024
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36. Physical Fitness and Brain Source Localization during a Working Memory Task in Children with Overweight/Obesity: The ActiveBrains Project

Author

Mora-Gonzalez, Jose, Esteban-Cornejo, Irene, Migueles, Jairo H., Rodriguez-Ayllon, María, Molina-Garcia, Pablo, Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina, Solis-Urra, Patricio, Plaza-Florido, Abel, Kramer, Arthur F., Erickson, Kirk I., Hillman, Charles H., Catena, Andrés, and Ortega, Francisco B.

Abstract

The present study aims: (1) to examine the association of physical fitness components (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness, speed-agility, and muscular fitness) with brain current source density during working memory; and (2) to examine whether fitness-related current density was associated to working memory performance and academic achievement. Eighty-five children with overweight/obesity aged 8-11 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Physical fitness components were assessed using the ALPHA test battery. Electroencephalography recordings were performed during a Delayed Non-Match-to-Sample task that assessed working memory. Brain source analysis was carried out using sLORETA to estimate regional current source density differences between high and low (H-L) working memory loads. Academic achievement was measured by the Spanish version of the Woodcock-Johnson III test battery. The main results showed that higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with higher H-L current density differences in frontal, limbic, and occipital regions during encoding and maintenance task's phases ([beta][greater than or equal to]0.412, p[less than or equal to]0.019). A limbic area was further related to better working memory performance ([beta]=0.267, p = 0.005). During retrieval, higher cardiorespiratory fitness was also associated with higher current density in temporal regions ([beta]=0.265, p = 0.013), whereas lower muscular fitness was associated with higher current density in frontal regions ([beta]=-0.261, p = 0.016). Our results suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness, but not speed-agility nor muscular fitness, is positively associated with brain current source density during working memory processes in children with overweight/obesity. Fitness-related current density differences in limbic regions were associated with better working memory.

Published
2021
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37. Resting-State Functional Connectivity Change in Frontoparietal and Default Mode Networks After Acute Exercise in Youth

Author

Cline, Trevor L., primary, Morfini, Francesca, additional, Tinney, Emma, additional, Makarewycz, Ethan, additional, Lloyd, Katherine, additional, Olafsson, Valur, additional, Bauer, Clemens C.C., additional, Kramer, Arthur F., additional, Raine, Lauren B., additional, Gabard-Durnam, Laurel J., additional, Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan, additional, and Hillman, Charles H., additional

Published
2024
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41. Brain network modularity predicts cognitive training-related gains in young adults

Author

Baniqued, Pauline L, Gallen, Courtney L, Kranz, Michael B, Kramer, Arthur F, and D'Esposito, Mark

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes, Mental health, Neurological, Adolescent, Adult, Attention, Brain, Cognition, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Nerve Net, Neuropsychological Tests, Problem Solving, Video Games, Young Adult, Functional connectivity, Brain network modularity, Cognitive training, Working memory, Reasoning, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Biological psychology, Cognitive and computational psychology
Abstract

The brain operates via networked activity in separable groups of regions called modules. The quantification of modularity compares the number of connections within and between modules, with high modularity indicating greater segregation, or dense connections within sub-networks and sparse connections between sub-networks. Previous work has demonstrated that baseline brain network modularity predicts executive function outcomes in older adults and patients with traumatic brain injury after cognitive and exercise interventions. In healthy young adults, however, the functional significance of brain modularity in predicting training-related cognitive improvements is not fully understood. Here, we quantified brain network modularity in young adults who underwent cognitive training with casual video games that engaged working memory and reasoning processes. Network modularity assessed at baseline was positively correlated with training-related improvements on untrained tasks. The relationship between baseline modularity and training gain was especially evident in initially lower performing individuals and was not present in a group of control participants that did not show training-related gains. These results suggest that a more modular brain network organization may allow for greater training responsiveness. On a broader scale, these findings suggest that, particularly in low-performing individuals, global network properties can capture aspects of brain function that are important in understanding individual differences in learning.

Published
2019

44. Reshaping the path of mild cognitive impairment by refining exercise prescription: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial to understand the “what,” “for whom,” and “how” of exercise to promote cognitive function

Author

Barha, Cindy K., Falck, Ryan S., Best, John R., Nagamatsu, Lindsay S., Hsiung, Ging-Yuek Robin, Sheel, A. William, Hsu, Chun Liang, Kramer, Arthur F., Voss, Michelle W., Erickson, Kirk I., Davis, Jennifer C., Shoemaker, J. Kevin, Boyd, Lara, Crockett, Rachel A., ten Brinke, Lisanne, Bherer, Louis, Singer, Joel, Galea, Liisa A. M., Jacova, Claudia, Bullock, Alexis, Grant, Sofia, and Liu-Ambrose, Teresa

Published
2022
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46. Discovery and visualization of structural biomarkers from MRI using transport-based morphometry

Author

Kundu, Shinjini, Kolouri, Soheil, Erickson, Kirk I, Kramer, Arthur F, McAuley, Edward, and Rohde, Gustavo K

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Disease in the brain is often associated with subtle, spatially diffuse, or complex tissue changes that may lie beneath the level of gross visual inspection, even on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Unfortunately, current computer-assisted approaches that examine pre-specified features, whether anatomically-defined (i.e. thalamic volume, cortical thickness) or based on pixelwise comparison (i.e. deformation-based methods), are prone to missing a vast array of physical changes that are not well-encapsulated by these metrics. In this paper, we have developed a technique for automated pattern analysis that can fully determine the relationship between brain structure and observable phenotype without requiring any a priori features. Our technique, called transport-based morphometry (TBM), is an image transformation that maps brain images losslessly to a domain where they become much more separable. The new approach is validated on structural brain images of healthy older adult subjects where even linear models for discrimination, regression, and blind source separation enable TBM to independently discover the characteristic changes of aging and highlight potential mechanisms by which aerobic fitness may mediate brain health later in life. TBM is a generative approach that can provide visualization of physically meaningful shifts in tissue distribution through inverse transformation. The proposed framework is a powerful technique that can potentially elucidate genotype-structural-behavioral associations in myriad diseases.

Published
2017

47. A feasibility randomized controlled trial of a community-level physical activity strategy for older adults with motoric cognitive risk syndrome.

Author

Hernon, Shannon M., Singh, Yashi, Ward, Nathan, Kramer, Arthur F., Travison, Thomas G., Verghese, Joe, Fielding, Roger A., Kowaleski, Christopher, and Reid, Kieran F.

Subjects
COGNITION disorder risk factors, PATIENT education, COMMUNITY health services, SELF-evaluation, PATIENT compliance, PATIENT safety, BEHAVIOR modification, EXERCISE, RESEARCH funding, EDUCATIONAL outcomes, STATISTICAL sampling, PILOT projects, BLIND experiment, QUESTIONNAIRES, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, COGNITION disorders, QUALITY of life, HEALTH behavior, COMPARATIVE studies, DATA analysis software, MEDICAL screening, PHYSICAL activity, ACTIVE aging, COMMUNITY-based social services, OLD age
Abstract

Themotoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a syndrome characterized by subjective memory complaints and slowwalking speeds that can identify older adults at increased risk for developing Alzheimer's disease or a related dementia (ADRD). To date, the feasibility of community-based physical activity (PA) programs for improving outcomes in MCR have yet to be examined. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a translational randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing 24-weeks of PA to a healthy aging education (HE) control intervention delivered within the infrastructure of an urban senior center in Greater Boston (clincaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03750682). An existing senior center employee was trained to administer the multimodal groupbased PA program that included moderate-intensity aerobic walking, strength, flexibility and balance training. A total of 79 older adults attended the senior center for a screening visit, of whom 29met the MCR criteria and 25 were randomized to PA orHE(meanage: 74.4±7years; BMI: 32.4±7kg/m2;85%female; 3MSE score: 92.4± 7; gait speed: 0.52 ± 0.1 m/s; SPPB score 4.8 ± 1.9). Due to the Covid-19 pandemic the study was stopped prematurely. Participants could successfully adhere to the study interventions (overall attendance rate: PA: 69% vs. HE:70% at study termination). Participants also successfully completed baseline and follow-up study assessments that included a computerized cognitive testing battery and objective tests of physical performance and functional exercise capacity. No study-related adverse events occurred. Notable trends for improved cognitive performance, gait speed and 6- minwalk distancewere exhibited in PA compared to HE.Our study provides important preliminary information to aid the design of larger-scale RCTs of PA that may help to preserve the independence of vulnerable older adults at high risk for ADRD in community-based settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. The Association of the 24-Hour Activity Cycle Profiles With Cognition in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Author

Balbim, Guilherme Moraes, Falck, Ryan S, Silva, Nárlon Cássio Boa Sorte, Kramer, Arthur F, Voss, Michelle, and Liu-Ambrose, Teresa

Subjects
MILD cognitive impairment, OLDER people, MONTREAL Cognitive Assessment, COGNITION, SEDENTARY behavior
Abstract

Background The relationship of cognition and the 24-h activity cycle (24-HAC), encompassing physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains uncertain. Distinct combinations of 24-HAC behaviors can characterize unique activity profiles and influence cognition. We aimed to characterize 24-HAC activity profiles in older adults with MCI and assess whether differences in cognition exist across profiles. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis utilizing baseline data from 3 randomized controlled trials involving 253 community-dwelling older adults (55 + years) with MCI (no functional impairment, dementia diagnosis, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score <26/30). Using MotionWatch8© wrist-worn actigraphy (+5 days), we captured the 24-HAC. Cognition was indexed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus). Compositional data and latent profile analyses identified distinct 24-HAC activity profiles. Analysis of covariance examined whether 24-HAC activity profiles differed in cognition. Results Four distinct activity profiles were identified. Profile 1 ("Average 24-HAC," n  = 103) engaged in all 24-HAC behaviors around the sample average. Profile 2 ("Active Chillers," n  = 70) depicted lower-than-average engagement in physical activity and higher-than-average sedentary behavior. Profile 3 ("Physical Activity Masters," n  = 54) were the most active and the least sedentary. Profile 4 ("Sedentary Savants," n  = 26) were the least active and the most sedentary. Sleep was similar across profiles. There were no significant differences in ADAS-Cog-Plus scores between 24-HAC activity profiles (p  > .05). Conclusions Older adults with MCI exhibited four 24-HAC activity profiles conforming to recommended physical activity and sleep guidelines. Nonetheless, cognition was similar across these profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Brain Network Modularity Predicts Exercise-Related Executive Function Gains in Older Adults

Author

Baniqued, Pauline L, Gallen, Courtney L, Voss, Michelle W, Burzynska, Agnieszka Z, Wong, Chelsea N, Cooke, Gillian E, Duffy, Kristin, Fanning, Jason, Ehlers, Diane K, Salerno, Elizabeth A, Aguiñaga, Susan, McAuley, Edward, Kramer, Arthur F, and D'Esposito, Mark

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Aging, Clinical Research, Underpinning research, 1.2 Psychological and socioeconomic processes, Neurological, executive function, cognitive control, functional connectivity, exercise, brain network modularity, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Neurosciences, Cognitive Sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

Recent work suggests that the brain can be conceptualized as a network comprised of groups of sub-networks or modules. The extent of segregation between modules can be quantified with a modularity metric, where networks with high modularity have dense connections within modules and sparser connections between modules. Previous work has shown that higher modularity predicts greater improvements after cognitive training in patients with traumatic brain injury and in healthy older and young adults. It is not known, however, whether modularity can also predict cognitive gains after a physical exercise intervention. Here, we quantified modularity in older adults (N = 128, mean age = 64.74) who underwent one of the following interventions for 6 months (NCT01472744 on ClinicalTrials.gov): (1) aerobic exercise in the form of brisk walking (Walk), (2) aerobic exercise in the form of brisk walking plus nutritional supplement (Walk+), (3) stretching, strengthening and stability (SSS), or (4) dance instruction. After the intervention, the Walk, Walk+ and SSS groups showed gains in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), with larger effects in both walking groups compared to the SSS and Dance groups. The Walk, Walk+ and SSS groups also improved in executive function (EF) as measured by reasoning, working memory, and task-switching tests. In the Walk, Walk+, and SSS groups that improved in EF, higher baseline modularity was positively related to EF gains, even after controlling for age, in-scanner motion and baseline EF. No relationship between modularity and EF gains was observed in the Dance group, which did not show training-related gains in CRF or EF control. These results are consistent with previous studies demonstrating that individuals with a more modular brain network organization are more responsive to cognitive training. These findings suggest that the predictive power of modularity may be generalizable across interventions aimed to enhance aspects of cognition and that, especially in low-performing individuals, global network properties can capture individual differences in neuroplasticity.

Published
2018

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