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This paper discusses a research project that attempted to examine selected public institutions' response strategies to a pandemic. The most important research question of the project was the relationship between the pandemic and innovativeness of the sector of public institutions (understood as the desire to introduce new ways of operating, new inter-institutional links, new patterns of relations with stakeholders, etc., resulting from the knowledge provided to individual institutions by functioning under the conditions of the pandemic). During qualitative research we found that the researched institutions' predominant reaction to the challenges of the pandemic was not an orientation towards innovation but a striving to maintain a mode of functioning that is as similar as possible to that from before the pandemic. The innovations made (transition to remote working, simplification of some administrative procedures) resulted from external pressure to a greater extent and internal reflexivity to a lesser extent. The narratives captured in the study about the everyday life of public institutions during the pandemic have three common elements. First, they all focus less on large and spectacular innovations and more on micro-innovations (not treated as innovation, but understood as dozens of micro-improvements, minimal adjustments to existing routines). Second, they all miniaturize the experience of the pandemic, regarding it as events so extreme as to be useless for designing a better institutional order. Thirdly, all the reconstructed narratives are situated in an institutional zone of in-between, which means that they perceive themselves as a transparent medium fluctuating between the state and society and as a subject without influence on the shape of its own functioning. On the one hand, this would depend on the level of civic culture and, on the other hand, on the policy created at the highest levels of the state., This paper discusses a research project that attempted to examine selected public institutions' response strategies to a pandemic. The most important research question of the project was the relationship between the pandemic and innovativeness of the sector of public institutions (understood as the desire to introduce new ways of operating, new inter-institutional links, new patterns of relations with stakeholders, etc., resulting from the knowledge provided to individual institutions by functioning under the conditions of the pandemic). During qualitative research we found that the researched institutions' predominant reaction to the challenges of the pandemic was not an orientation towards innovation but a striving to maintain a mode of functioning that is as similar as possible to that from before the pandemic. The innovations made (transition to remote working, simplification of some administrative procedures) resulted from external pressure to a greater extent and internal reflexivity to a lesser extent. The narratives captured in the study about the everyday life of public institutions during the pandemic have three common elements. First, they all focus less on large and spectacular innovations and more on micro-innovations (not treated as innovation, but understood as dozens of micro-improvements, minimal adjustments to existing routines). Second, they all miniaturize the experience of the pandemic, regarding it as events so extreme as to be useless for designing a better institutional order. Thirdly, all the reconstructed narratives are situated in an institutional zone of in-between, which means that they perceive themselves as a transparent medium fluctuating between the state and society and as a subject without influence on the shape of its own functioning. On the one hand, this would depend on the level of civic culture and, on the other hand, on the policy created at the highest levels of the state.

Build efficient and fast Qt applications, target performance problems, and discover solutions to refine your code Key Features Build efficient and concurrent applications in Qt to create cross-platform applications Identify performance bottlenecks and apply the correct algorithm to improve application performance Delve into parallel programming and memory management to optimize your code Book Description Achieving efficient code through performance tuning is one of the key challenges faced by many programmers. This book looks at Qt programming from a performance perspective. You'll explore the performance problems encountered when using the Qt framework and means and ways to resolve them and optimize performance. The book highlights performance improvements and new features released in Qt 5.9, Qt 5.11, and 5.12 (LTE). You'll master general computer performance best practices and tools, which can help you identify the reasons behind low performance, and the most common performance pitfalls experienced when using the Qt framework. In the following chapters, you'll explore multithreading and asynchronous programming with C++ and Qt and learn the importance and efficient use of data structures. You'll also get the opportunity to work through techniques such as memory management and design guidelines, which are essential to improve application performance. Comprehensive sections that cover all these concepts will prepare you for gaining hands-on experience of some of Qt's most exciting application fields - the mobile and embedded development domains. By the end of this book, you'll be ready to build Qt applications that are more efficient, concurrent, and performance-oriented in nature What you will learn Understand classic performance best practices Get to grips with modern hardware architecture and its performance impact Implement tools and procedures used in performance optimization Grasp Qt-specific work techniques for graphical user interface (GUI) and platform prog

In my paper, I try to demonstrate how two processes that are crucial for modern societies, namely digitalization and networking, are transforming the categories of mass and massification. These latter phenomena, treated by social sciences as symptoms of disturbing social changes, both transient and short-term, are today changing in terms of their nature. In the text, this identification is based on a presentation of how mass has evolved from the early days of the internet to today, going through three stages (mass 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0). In the latter, the most modern stage, networked working masses have appeared. The presentation of their characteristics and the reflection on how they differ from classic masses form an important part of the article.&nbsp, W swoim artykule staram się pokazać, jak dwa kluczowe dla współczesności procesy, a więc digitalizacja oraz usieciowienie rzeczywistości, przeobrażają kategorię masy i umasowienia. Te ostatnie zjawiska, traktowane przez nauki społeczne jako symptomy niepokojących zmian społecznych, fenomeny przejściowe o krótkotrwałym charakterze, dziś znacząco zmieniają swoją naturą. Jej identyfikacja zostało w tekście oparta na prezentacji tego, jak masa ewoluuje od początków Internetu do dzisiaj, przechodząc przez trzy stadia, określone mianem masy 1.0, 2.0 i 3.0. W tym ostatnim, najbardziej współczesnym stadium pojawia się to, co określam mianem sieciowych mas pracujących. Ich charakterystyka oraz refleksja nad tym, czym różnią się one od klasycznych mas, stanowi ważną część artykułu.

The first part of the paper is a proposition of a replacement of the category ‘intergenerational solidarity’ (which is a rather idealistic, wishful thinking and descriptive term, cumbersome and difficult to use in the changing and complex social environment) with a term ‘intergenerational ambivalence’ as the latter refers to the conflicting expectations, commitments, norms, standards and actions of individual generations and their ambivalence, which, even if they divide the generations, constitute at the same time the essence of the intergenerational relations. Intergenerational ambivalence on the other hand much more precisely than intergenerational solidarity describes the relations between representatives of different generations as it very accurately reflects the specificity of the relations between generations that appear in the postmodern world with its conflicting expectations, as well as because it emphasises that the specificity of each category of generation reflects the ability of its representatives to cope with the contradicting ideas in their relations with older generations, and with ambivalences that are characteristic of a given place and time. The other part of the paper is an attempt to characterise the manner in which ambivalences that permeate the intergenerational relations are articulated in everyday actions, in particular in those realised through material culture, as well as the manner in which the specifics of today’s material culture increases those conflicts., Głównym celem pierwszej części artykułu jest zaproponowanie, by zastąpić kategorię „solidarność międzypokoleniowa” (która ma charakter bardzo zideologizowany, bardziej życzeniowy niż opisowy i jest bardzo kłopotliwa do zastosowania w zmiennym, złożonym środowisku społecznym) pojęciem „ambiwalencja międzypokoleniowa”. To ostatnie odnosi się do sprzecznych ze sobą oczekiwań, zobowiązań, norm, działań poszczególnych generacji, do ambiwalencji, które choć dzielą, to jednocześnie stanowią istotę stosunków międzypokoleniowych. Kategoria ta dużo trafniej niż pojęcie solidarności międzypokoleniowej opisuje relacje łączące przedstawicieli poszczególnych pokoleń przede wszystkim dlatego, że bardzo dobrze odzwierciedla specyfikę związków pomiędzy poszczególnymi generacjami, które pojawiają się w ponowoczesnym, pełnym sprzecznych oczekiwań świecie, a także dlatego, że akcentuje ona, iż specyfikę poszczególnych kategorii pokoleniowych określa w dużej mierze to, jak radzą sobie one ze sprzecznościami obecnymi w relacjach ze starszymi generacjami, z ambiwalencjami charakterystycznymi dla określonego czasu i miejsca. Druga część artykułu poświęcona jest próbie scharakteryzowania tego, w jaki sposób ambiwalencje przenikające dziś międzypokoleniowe stosunki artykułują się w codziennych działaniach, przede wszystkim tych realizowanych za pośrednictwem kultury materialnej, a także tego, w jaki sposób współczesna specyfika tej ostatniej takie sprzeczności wzmaga.