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1. Molecular Epidemiology of Underreported Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen Streptococcus suis in Europe

Author

Brizuela, Jaime, Roodsant, Thomas J., Hasnoe, Qureisha, van der Putten, Boas C.L., Kozakova, Jana, Slotved, Hans-Christian, van der Linden, Mark, de Beer-Schuurman, Ilse G.A., Sadowy, Ewa, Saez-Nieto, Juan Antonio, Chalker, Victoria J., van der Ark, Kees C.H., and Schultsz, Constance

Subjects
Streptococcus -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects -- Distribution, Zoonoses -- Risk factors, Streptococcal infections -- Risk factors, Emerging communicable diseases -- Risk factors, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Streptococcus suis is an opportunistic bacterial porcine pathogen that can cause severe disease in humans, most commonly meningitis and sepsis (1). Human S. suis infections occur both through direct contact [...]

Published
2024
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2. Neonatal invasive disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in Europe: the DEVANI multi-center study

Author

Lohrmann, Florens, Hufnagel, Markus, Kunze, Mirjam, Afshar, Baharak, Creti, Roberta, Detcheva, Antoaneta, Kozakova, Jana, Rodriguez-Granger, Javier, Sørensen, Uffe B. Skov, Margarit, Immaculada, Maione, Domenico, Rinaudo, Daniela, Orefici, Graziella, Telford, John, de la Rosa Fraile, Manuel, Kilian, Mogens, Efstratiou, Androulla, Berner, Reinhard, and Melin, Pierrette

Published
2023
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3. Trends in invasive bacterial diseases during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: analyses of prospective surveillance data from 30 countries and territories in the IRIS Consortium

Author

Shaw, David, Abad, Raquel, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bautista, Adriana, Bennett, Desiree, Broughton, Karen, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu-Wai, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert, Cuypers, Lize, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Domenech, Mirian, Drew, Richard, du Plessis, Mignon, Duarte, Carolina, Erlendsdóttir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Hale, Thomas, Henares, Desiree, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnson, Christopher, Johnston, Jillian, Jolley, Keith A, Kawabata, Aníbal, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, León, María Eugenia, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David, Maiden, Martin C J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McCarthy, Noel D, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Novakova, Ludmila, Oftadeh, Shahin, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Pérez-Vázquez, Maria, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Prevost, Benoit, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Sanabria, Olga Marina, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen, Siira, Lotta, Sintchenko, Vitali, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Steens, Anneke, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tzanakaki, Georgina, Vainio, Anni, van der Linden, Mark P G, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Yuste, Jose, Zanella, Rosemeire, Zhou, Fei, and Brueggemann, Angela B

Published
2023
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5. Serotype Replacement after Introduction of 10-Valent and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in 10 Countries, Europe

Author

Hanquet, Germaine, Krizova, Pavla, Dalby, Tina, Ladhani, Shamez N., Nuorti, J. Pekka, Danis, Kostas, Mereckiene, Jolita, Knol, Mirjam J., Winje, Brita A., Ciruela, Pilar, de Miguel, Sara, Portillo, Maria Eugenia, MacDonald, Laura, Morfeldt, Eva, Kozakova, Jana, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, Fry, Norman K., Rinta-Kokko, Hanna, Varon, Emmanuelle, Corcoran, Mary, van der Ende, Arie, Vestrheim, Didrik F., Munoz-Almagro, Carmen, Sanz, Juan-Carlos, Castilla, Jesus, Smith, Andrew, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Colzani, Edoardo, Pastore-Celentano, Lucia, and Savulescu, Camelia

Subjects
Conjugate vaccines -- Patient outcomes, Pneumococcal infections -- Statistics -- Causes of -- Prevention, Communicable diseases in children -- Statistics -- Causes of -- Prevention, Pneumococcal vaccine -- Patient outcomes, Health
Abstract

Starting in 2010-2011, most countries in Europe progressively replaced the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7) in the infant immunization schedule with the 10-valent (PCV10) vaccine, 13-valent (PCV13) vaccine, or both [...]

Published
2022
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6. Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data

Author

Brueggemann, Angela B, Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa J, Shaw, David, McCarthy, Noel D, Jolley, Keith A, Maiden, Martin C J, van der Linden, Mark P G, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bennett, Désirée E, Borrow, Ray, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C, Broughton, Karen, Campbell, Ruth, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu Wai, Clark, Stephen A, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert J, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Drew, Richard J, du Plessis, Mignon, Erlendsdottir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Gray, Steve J, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hale, Thomas, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnston, Jillian, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez N, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, Lebedova, Vera, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McElligott, Martha, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert M, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David R, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Redin, Alba, Roberts, Richard, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen L, Siira, Lotta, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Song, Joon Young, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tsang, Dominic, Vainio, Anni, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vlach, Jiri, Vogel, Ulrich, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Zanella, Rosemeire C, and Zhou, Fei

Published
2021
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7. Global Impact of 10- and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in All Ages: The PSERENADE Project

Author

Bennett, Julia C., primary, Knoll, Maria D., additional, Kagucia, Eunice W., additional, Garcia Quesada, Maria, additional, Zeger, Scott L, additional, Hetrich, Marissa K., additional, Yang, Yangyupei, additional, Herbert, Carly B., additional, Ogyu, Anju, additional, Cohen, Adam L., additional, Yildirim, Inci, additional, Winje, Brita A., additional, Von Gottberg, Ann, additional, Viriot, Delphine, additional, van der Linden, Mark, additional, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, additional, Suga, Shigeru, additional, Steens, Anneke, additional, Skoczyńska, Anna, additional, Sinkovec Zorko, Nadja, additional, Scott, J. Anthony G., additional, Savulescu, Camelia, additional, Savrasova, Larisa, additional, Sanz, Juan Carlos, additional, Russell, Fiona M., additional, Ricketson, Leah J., additional, Puentes, Rodrigo, additional, Nuorti, J. Pekka, additional, Mereckiene, Jolita, additional, McMahon, Kimberley, additional, McGeer, Allison, additional, Mad'arová, Lucia, additional, Mackenzie, Grant, additional, MacDonald, Laura, additional, Lepp, Tiia, additional, Ladhani, Shamez, additional, Kristinsson, Karl G., additional, Kozakova, Jana, additional, Klein, Nicola P., additional, Jayasinghe, Sanjay, additional, Ho, Pak-Leung, additional, Hilty, Markus, additional, Heyderman, Robert S., additional, Hasanuzzaman, Md., additional, Hammitt, Laura L., additional, Guevara, Marcela, additional, Grgic-Vitek, Marta, additional, Gierke, Ryan, additional, Georgakopoulou, Theano, additional, Galloway, Yvonne M., additional, Diawara, Idrissa, additional, Desmet, Stefanie, additional, De Wals, Philippe, additional, Dagan, Ron, additional, Colzani, Edoardo, additional, Cohen, Cheryl, additional, Ciruela, Pilar, additional, Chuluunbat, Urtnasan, additional, Chan, Guanhao, additional, Camilli, Romina, additional, Bruce, Michael G., additional, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C., additional, Bigogo, Godfrey M., additional, Ampofo, Krow, additional, Feikin, Daniel R., additional, Hayford, Kyla, additional, and PSERENADE Team, The, additional

Published
2024
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8. Effect of high-valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in children in SpIDnet countries: an observational multicentre study

Author

Savulescu, Camelia, Krizova, Pavla, Lepoutre, Agnes, Mereckiene, Jolita, Vestrheim, Didrik F, Ciruela, Pilar, Ordobas, Maria, Guevara, Marcela, McDonald, Eisin, Morfeldt, Eva, Kozakova, Jana, Varon, Emmanuelle, Cotter, Suzanne, Winje, Brita A, Munoz-Almagro, Carmen, Garcia, Luis, Castilla, Jesus, Smith, Andrew, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Celentano, Lucia Pastore, and Hanquet, Germaine

Published
2017
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10. Factors Affecting COVID 19 - related CSR Activities of Slovak Companies

Author

Kozakova Jana

Subjects
covid-19, corporate social responsibility, multinational enterprises, slovakia, Social Sciences
Abstract

Research background: The socio-economic consequences of Covid-19 pandemic are visible through changes in the business sector. Companies took various steps to their elimination primarily by protection of employees which went beyond the ordinary legal norms. Therefore, these activities can be described as socially responsible. In Slovakia, CSR is the domain of multinational companies which transfer modern managerial tools to their foreign branches as it is in case of pandemic-related activities. Purpose of the article: Study examined 191 Slovak subsidiaries of foreign multinationals with the purpose to describe factors (legal form, residence in Slovakia, year of establishment, share of foreign ownership, woman in the board) which affecting their COVID-19 related CSR activities (cleanliness, protective equipment, social distancing, prevention, local community, extra benefits). Methods: Procedure based on the Shapiro Wilk test of normality which verify a normal distribution of sample. Next the Durbin–Watson test confirmed no autocorrelation between set variables. After the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was applied with the assumption of statistically significant differences between variables and subsequent Bonferroni post hoc test found relationship between them. Findings & Value added: Study shows the level of emphasis companies place on CSR activities related to COVID-19. Analysis enlightens the differences in this emphasis in case of providing protective equipment between companies of various capital structure. Also, there were differences in prevention between companies of various legal form and predominant gender in the board. Lastly the difference was found in providing extra benefits in companies of differ year of establishment.

Published
2021
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11. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: FACTORS INFLUENCING (DE)CENTRALIZATION IN MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS OPERATING IN SLOVAKIA.

Author

Fitala, Patrik, Kozakova, Jana, Skypalova, Renata, and Srbova, Alena

Subjects
*STRATEGIC planning, *INTERNATIONAL business enterprises, *BUSINESS size, *MARKETING planning, *EVIDENCE gaps, *QUALITY of service
Abstract

In the field of (de)centralization of companies, there is a need to explore the factors that influence decision-making processes and organizational structures. However, limited research has focused specifically on the Slovakian business environment, warranting further investigation. This article aims to examine the relationships between ownership structure, the establishment of direct foreign equity participation (DFEP) and company size in relation to aspects of (de)centralization in a select group of companies in Slovakia. The aim is to highlight the importance of the (de)centralization problem. The researchers employed statistical methods to analyse the data, including the nonparametric Kruskal‒Wallis test and post hoc analysis using the pairwise comparison post hoc test. These tests were applied to identify statistically significant differences between the chosen factors and individual variables relating to (de)centralization. The findings indicate that the establishment of DFEP significantly influences (de)centralization in areas such as the purchase of materials/goods, production/planning/provision, marketing planning, sales to the end customer and the filling of managerial positions. Ownership structure was also found to significantly influence (de)centralization with regard to the purchase of materials/goods, production/planning/provision and marketing planning. Similarly, company size seems to play a role in strategic management and production/planning/provision decisions. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering insights into the specific context of (de)centralization in the Slovakian business environment. The use of statistical analysis methods enhances the rigor of the findings. The findings provide practical implications for decision-making processes, resource allocation strategies and organizational design. This research fills a gap in the literature by focusing on the relationships between ownership structure, the establishment of DFEP and company size within the context of (de)centralization. This study serves as a foundation for future research in this field, guiding further exploration and understanding of the factors affecting (de)centralization in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Sustained reductions in life-threatening invasive bacterial diseases during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: analyses of prospective surveillance data from 30 countries participating in the IRIS Consortium

Author

Shaw, David, primary, Abad, Raquel, additional, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, additional, Bautista, Adriana, additional, Bennett, Desiree, additional, Broughton, Karen, additional, Cao, Bin, additional, Casanova, Carlo, additional, Choi, Eun Hwa, additional, Chu, Yiu-Wai, additional, Claus, Heike, additional, Coelho, Juliana, additional, Corcoran, Mary, additional, Cottrell, Simon, additional, Cunney, Robert, additional, Cuypers, Lize, additional, Dalby, Tine, additional, Davies, Heather, additional, de Gouveia, Linda, additional, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, additional, Demczuk, Walter, additional, Desmet, Stefanie, additional, Domenech, Mirian, additional, Drew, Richard, additional, du Plessis, Mignon, additional, Duarte, Carolina, additional, Erlendsdóttir, Helga, additional, Fry, Norman, additional, Fuursted, Kurt, additional, Hale, Thomas, additional, Henares, Desiree, additional, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, additional, Hilty, Markus, additional, Hoffmann, Steen, additional, Humphreys, Hilary, additional, Ip, Margaret, additional, Jacobsson, Susanne, additional, Johnson, Christopher, additional, Johnston, Jillian, additional, Jolley, Keith A, additional, Kawabata, Aníbal, additional, Kozakova, Jana, additional, Kristinsson, Karl G, additional, Krizova, Pavla, additional, Kuch, Alicja, additional, Ladhani, Shamez, additional, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, additional, María Eugenia, León, additional, Lindholm, Laura, additional, Litt, David, additional, Maiden, Martin CJ, additional, Martin, Irene, additional, Martiny, Delphine, additional, Mattheus, Wesley, additional, McCarthy, Noel D, additional, McElligott, Martha, additional, Meehan, Mary, additional, Meiring, Susan, additional, Mölling, Paula, additional, Morfeldt, Eva, additional, Morgan, Julie, additional, Mulhall, Robert, additional, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, additional, Murdoch, David, additional, Murphy, Joy, additional, Musilek, Martin, additional, Mzabi, Alexandre, additional, Novakova, Ludmila, additional, Oftadeh, Shahin, additional, Perez-Arguello, Amaresh, additional, Pérez-Vázquez, Maria, additional, Perrin, Monique, additional, Perry, Malorie, additional, Prevost, Benoit, additional, Roberts, Maria, additional, Rokney, Assaf, additional, Ron, Merav, additional, Sanabria, Olga Marina, additional, Scott, Kevin J, additional, Sheppard, Carmen, additional, Siira, Lotta, additional, Sintchenko, Vitali, additional, Skoczyńska, Anna, additional, Sloan, Monica, additional, Slotved, Hans-Christian, additional, Smith, Andrew J, additional, Steens, Anneke, additional, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, additional, Toropainen, Maija, additional, Tzanakaki, Georgina, additional, Vainio, Anni, additional, van der Linden, Mark PG, additional, van Sorge, Nina M, additional, Varon, Emmanuelle, additional, Vohrnova, Sandra, additional, Gottberg, Anne von, additional, Yuste, Jose, additional, Zanella, Rosemeire, additional, Zhou, Fei, additional, and Brueggemann, Angela B, additional

Published
2022
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14. Effectiveness of 10 and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines against invasive pneumococcal disease in European children: SpIDnet observational multicentre study

Author

Savulescu, Camelia, primary, Krizova, Pavla, additional, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, additional, Ladhani, Shamez, additional, Rinta-Kokko, Hanna, additional, Levy, Corinne, additional, Mereckiene, Jolita, additional, Knol, Mirjam, additional, Winje, Brita A., additional, Ciruela, Pilar, additional, de Miguel, Sara, additional, Guevara, Marcela, additional, MacDonald, Laura, additional, Kozakova, Jana, additional, Slotved, Hans-Christian, additional, Fry, Norman K., additional, Pekka Nuorti, J., additional, Danis, Kostas, additional, Corcoran, Mary, additional, van der Ende, Arie, additional, Vestrheim, Didrik F., additional, Munoz-Almagro, Carmen, additional, Sanz, Juan-Carlos, additional, Castilla, Jesus, additional, Smith, Andrew, additional, Colzani, Edoardo, additional, Pastore Celentano, Lucia, additional, and Hanquet, Germaine, additional

Published
2022
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15. Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Caused by Serotype 1 Following Introduction of PCV10 and PCV13: Findings from the PSERENADE Project

Author

Bennett, Julia C, Hetrich, Marissa K, Quesada, Maria Garcia, Sinkevitch, Jenna N, Knoll, Maria Deloria, Feikin, Daniel R, Zeger, Scott L, Kagucia, Eunice W, Cohen, Adam L, Ampofo, Krow, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C, Bruden, Dana, Camilli, Romina, Castilla, Jesús, Chan, Guanhao, Cook, Heather, Cornick, Jennifer E, Dagan, Ron, Dalby, Tine, Danis, Kostas, Miguel, Sara de, Wals, Philippe De, Desmet, Stefanie, Georgakopoulou, Theano, Gilkison, Charlotte, Grgic-Vitek, Marta, Hammitt, Laura L, Hilty, Markus, Ho, Pak-Leung, Jayasinghe, Sanjay, Kellner, James D, Kleynhans, Jackie, Knol, Mirjam J, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Ladhani, Shamez N, MacDonald, Laura, Mackenzie, Grant A, Mad'arová, Lucia, McGeer, Allison, Mereckiene, Jolita, Morfeldt, Eva, Mungun, Tuya, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Nuorti, J Pekka, Paragi, Metka, Pilishvili, Tamara, Puentes, Rodrigo, Saha, Samir K, Khan, Aalisha Sahu, Savrasova, Larisa, Scott, J Anthony, Skoczyńska, Anna, Suga, Shigeru, Linden, Mark van der, Verani, Jennifer R, Gottberg, Anne von, Winje, Brita A, Yildirim, Inci, Zerouali, Khalid, Hayford, Kyla, and The Pserenade Team

Subjects
serotypes, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, vaccine impact, invasive pneumococcal disease
Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 (ST1) was an important cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) containing ST1 antigen. The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project gathered ST1 IPD surveillance data from sites globally and aimed to estimate PCV10/13 impact on ST1 IPD incidence. We estimated ST1 IPD incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing the pre-PCV10/13 period to each post-PCV10/13 year by site using a Bayesian multi-level, mixed-effects Poisson regression and all-site IRRs using a linear mixed-effects regression (N = 45 sites). Following PCV10/13 introduction, the incidence rate (IR) of ST1 IPD declined among all ages. After six years of PCV10/13 use, the all-site IRR was 0.05 (95% credibility interval 0.04-0.06) for all ages, 0.05 (0.04-0.05) for

Published
2021

16. Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data.

Author

Brueggemann, Angela AB, Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa MJ, Shaw, David, McCarthy, Noel D, Jolley, Keith A, Maiden, Martin C J, van der Linden, Mark P G, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bennett, Desiree, Borrow, Ray, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina, Broughton, Karen, Campbell, Ruth, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu-Wai, Clark, Stephen A, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert J, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Drew, Richard J, du Plessis, Mignon, Erlendsdottir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Gray, Steve J, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hale, Thomas, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnston, Jillian, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl Gustaf, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez N, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, Lebedova, Vera, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McElligott, Martha, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David R, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Redin, Alba, Roberts, Richard, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen L, Siira, Lotta, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Song, Joon Young, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tsang, Dominic, Vainio, Anni, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vlach, Jiri, Vogel, Ulrich, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Zanella, Rosemeire C, Zhou, Fei, Brueggemann, Angela AB, Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa MJ, Shaw, David, McCarthy, Noel D, Jolley, Keith A, Maiden, Martin C J, van der Linden, Mark P G, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bennett, Desiree, Borrow, Ray, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina, Broughton, Karen, Campbell, Ruth, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu-Wai, Clark, Stephen A, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert J, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Drew, Richard J, du Plessis, Mignon, Erlendsdottir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Gray, Steve J, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hale, Thomas, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnston, Jillian, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl Gustaf, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez N, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, Lebedova, Vera, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McElligott, Martha, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David R, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Redin, Alba, Roberts, Richard, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen L, Siira, Lotta, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Song, Joon Young, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tsang, Dominic, Vainio, Anni, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vlach, Jiri, Vogel, Ulrich, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Zanella, Rosemeire C, and Zhou, Fei

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis, which are typically transmitted via respiratory droplets, are leading causes of invasive diseases, including bacteraemic pneumonia and meningitis, and of secondary infections subsequent to post-viral respiratory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of invasive disease due to these pathogens during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2021

18. The Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance (IRIS) Initiative reveals significant reductions in invasive bacterial infections during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Brueggemann, Angela B, primary, van Rensburg, Melissa J Jansen, additional, Shaw, David, additional, McCarthy, Noel, additional, Jolley, Keith A, additional, Maiden, Martin CJ, additional, van der Linden, Mark PG, additional, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, additional, Bennett, Désirée E, additional, Borrow, Ray, additional, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C, additional, Broughton, Karen, additional, Campbell, Ruth, additional, Cao, Bin, additional, Casanova, Carlo, additional, Choi, Eun Hwa, additional, Chu, Yiu Wai, additional, Clark, Stephen A, additional, Claus, Heike, additional, Coelho, Juliana, additional, Corcoran, Mary, additional, Cottrell, Simon, additional, Cunney, Robert J, additional, Dalby, Tine, additional, Davies, Heather, additional, de Gouveia, Linda, additional, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, additional, Demczuk, Walter, additional, Desmet, Stefanie, additional, Drew, Richard J, additional, du Plessis, Mignon, additional, Erlendsdottir, Helga, additional, Fry, Norman K, additional, Fuursted, Kurt, additional, Gray, Steve J, additional, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, additional, Hale, Thomas, additional, Hilty, Markus, additional, Hoffmann, Steen, additional, Humphreys, Hilary, additional, Ip, Margaret, additional, Jacobsson, Susanne, additional, Johnston, Jillian, additional, Kozakova, Jana, additional, Kristinsson, Karl G, additional, Krizova, Pavla, additional, Kuch, Alicja, additional, Ladhani, Shamez N, additional, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, additional, Lebedova, Vera, additional, Lindholm, Laura, additional, Litt, David, additional, Martin, Irene, additional, Martiny, Delphine, additional, Mattheus, Wesley, additional, McElligott, Martha, additional, Meehan, Mary, additional, Meiring, Susan, additional, Mölling, Paula, additional, Morfeldt, Eva, additional, Morgan, Julie, additional, Mulhall, Robert M, additional, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, additional, Murdoch, David R, additional, Murphy, Joy, additional, Musilek, Martin, additional, Mzabi, Alexandre, additional, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, additional, Perrin, Monique, additional, Perry, Malorie, additional, Redin, Alba, additional, Roberts, Richard, additional, Roberts, Maria, additional, Rokney, Assaf, additional, Ron, Merav, additional, Scott, Kevin, additional, Sheppard, Carmen L., additional, Siira, Lotta, additional, Skoczyńska, Anna, additional, Sloan, Monica, additional, Slotved, Hans-Christian, additional, Smith, Andrew J, additional, Song, Joon Young, additional, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, additional, Toropainen, Maija, additional, Tsang, Dominic, additional, Vainio, Anni, additional, van Sorge, Nina M, additional, Varon, Emmanuelle, additional, Vlach, Jiri, additional, Vogel, Ulrich, additional, Vohrnova, Sandra, additional, von Gottberg, Anne, additional, Zanella, Rosemeire C, additional, and Zhou, Fei, additional

Published
2020
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20. Sustainable development in rural regions of Slovakia: the role of the National Rural Development Programm

Author

Kozakova, Jana, Savov, Radovan, Lancaric, Stefan, and Lancaric, Drahoslav

Subjects
Slovakia, support, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, agricultural policy, regional development, rural development
Abstract

Traditional farming systems and other activities such as craftsmanship (e.g. manufacturing activities, local food production), represent a sustainable example of human integration with the nature. Their maintenance and development, with opportune adaptations to the current socio-economic situation and cultural/technological advancements are, therefore, valuable (Gobattoni et al., 2015). Agriculture has long been one of the main driving forces shaping landscape. However, since the 1950s, the role played by the agricultural sector in society has changed as a consequence of mechanization and technological advances, globalisation processes and new social needs (Randelli et al., 2014; Van Eupen et al., 2012). In post-war Europe, industrialization and new demographic trends have led to the Urbanization phenomenon (Schewenius et al., 2014), with the rapid growth of cities, soil sealing through intensified construction and the depopulation of rural areas (Crafts and Toniolo, 1996). The deep transformations experienced by agriculture have impacted not only the rural community economy, employment and social dynamics, but also the nature and the environment (Schouten et al., 2013; Hanley et al., 2012; McManus et al., 2012) and, in general, on the supply of the so-called ecosystem and landscape services (De Groot et al., 2010; Hermann et al., 2011; Zanten et al., 2014). The paper deals with the presentation of the role of the National Rural Development Programme 2014-2020 in the development of rural regions of Slovakia. The number of supported projects, allocation of resources, and their efficiency will be evaluated with respect to regional dispersion and innovative potential of supported projects.

Published
2018
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21. MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE STRAINS INVOLVED IN VACCINE FAILURE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Author

Kozakova, Jana

Abstract

Molecular analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains involved in vaccine failure in the Czech Republic J. Kozakova1.1NIPH Prague, NRL for streptococcal infections, Prague, Czech Republic. BackgroundFirst conjugate pneumococcal vaccine registered in the Czech Republic was PCV7 in 2005. In following years PCV10 and PCV13 were registered and infants with underlying diseases were vaccinated. The conjugate pneumococcal vaccine was introduced into the National immunisation programme (NIP) for infants in 2010 in the scheme 3+1.MethodsThe surveillance of IPD started in the Czech Republic since 2008 and the EU case definition of IPD was adopted. The typing of S. pneumoniae was performed in the NRL by the classical Quellung reaction and from 2013 by the PCR method.Results All four isolates of serogroup 1 were classified into ST 306, which is one of the most frequent sequence types of this serogroup. Two isolates of serogroup 14 were both assigned to ST 124, a commonly identified sequence type of serogroup 14. Variability was observed in serogroup 3, with one isolate belonging to a relatively common sequence type, ST 505, and the other one to ST 124. The latter isolate is first case as the association of serogroup 3 and ST 124.ConclusionsThe methods of choice for a detailed identification were the Quellung reaction along with multiplexPCR and MLST. From the results of the analyses, it follows that all eight isolates of S. pneumoniae were assigned to the following three serotypes: 1 (n=4), 3 (n=2), and 14 (n=2).Supported by Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, grant nr.17-29256A. All rights reserved.

Published
2017

22. Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidisduring the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data

Author

Brueggemann, Angela B, Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa J, Shaw, David, McCarthy, Noel D, Jolley, Keith A, Maiden, Martin C J, van der Linden, Mark P G, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bennett, Désirée E, Borrow, Ray, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C, Broughton, Karen, Campbell, Ruth, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu Wai, Clark, Stephen A, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert J, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Drew, Richard J, du Plessis, Mignon, Erlendsdottir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Gray, Steve J, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hale, Thomas, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnston, Jillian, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez N, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, Lebedova, Vera, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McElligott, Martha, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert M, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David R, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Redin, Alba, Roberts, Richard, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen L, Siira, Lotta, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Song, Joon Young, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tsang, Dominic, Vainio, Anni, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vlach, Jiri, Vogel, Ulrich, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Zanella, Rosemeire C, and Zhou, Fei

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis, which are typically transmitted via respiratory droplets, are leading causes of invasive diseases, including bacteraemic pneumonia and meningitis, and of secondary infections subsequent to post-viral respiratory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of invasive disease due to these pathogens during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2021
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23. Effect of childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive disease in older adults of 10 European countries: implications for adult vaccination

Author

Hanquet, Germaine, primary, Krizova, Pavla, additional, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, additional, Ladhani, Shamez N, additional, Nuorti, J Pekka, additional, Lepoutre, Agnes, additional, Mereckiene, Jolita, additional, Knol, Mirjam, additional, Winje, Brita A, additional, Ciruela, Pilar, additional, Ordobas, Maria, additional, Guevara, Marcela, additional, McDonald, Eisin, additional, Morfeldt, Eva, additional, Kozakova, Jana, additional, Slotved, Hans-Christian, additional, Fry, Norman K, additional, Rinta-Kokko, Hanna, additional, Varon, Emmanuelle, additional, Corcoran, Mary, additional, van der Ende, Arie, additional, Vestrheim, Didrik F, additional, Munoz-Almagro, Carmen, additional, Latasa, Pello, additional, Castilla, Jesus, additional, Smith, Andrew, additional, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, additional, Whittaker, Robert, additional, Pastore Celentano, Lucia, additional, and Savulescu, Camelia, additional

Published
2018
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28. Effect of childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on invasive disease in older adults of 10 European countries: implications for adult vaccination.

Author

Hanquet, Germaine, Krizova, Pavla, Valentiner-Branth, Palle, Ladhani, Shamez N., Nuorti, J Pekka, Lepoutre, Agnes, Mereckiene, Jolita, Knol, Mirjam, Winje, Brita A., Ciruela, Pilar, Ordobas, Maria, Guevara, Marcela, McDonald, Eisin, Morfeldt, Eva, Kozakova, Jana, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Fry, Norman K., Rinta-Kokko, Hanna, Varon, Emmanuelle, and Corcoran, Mary

Subjects
OLDER people, PNEUMOCOCCAL vaccines, VACCINATION of adults, CHILDREN, VACCINATION, COMPARATIVE studies, IMMUNIZATION, LONGITUDINAL method, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, META-analysis, RESEARCH, STREPTOCOCCUS, SYSTEMATIC reviews, EVALUATION research, DISEASE incidence, RETROSPECTIVE studies, SEROTYPES, PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have the potential to prevent pneumococcal disease through direct and indirect protection. This multicentre European study estimated the indirect effects of 5-year childhood PCV10 and/or PCV13 programmes on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in older adults across 13 sites in 10 European countries, to support decision-making on pneumococcal vaccination policies.Methods: For each site we calculated IPD incidence rate ratios (IRR) in people aged ≥65 years by serotype for each PCV10/13 year (2011-2015) compared with 2009 (pre-PCV10/13). We calculated pooled IRR and 95% CI using random-effects meta-analysis and PCV10/13 effect as (1 - IRR)*100.Results: After five PCV10/13 years, the incidence of IPD caused by all types, PCV7 and additional PCV13 serotypes declined 9% (95% CI -4% to 19%), 77% (95% CI 67% to 84%) and 38% (95% CI 19% to 53%), respectively, while the incidence of non-PCV13 serotypes increased 63% (95% CI 39% to 91%). The incidence of serotypes included in PCV13 and not in PCV10 decreased 37% (95% CI 22% to 50%) in six PCV13 sites and increased by 50% (95% CI -8% to 146%) in the four sites using PCV10 (alone or with PCV13). In 2015, PCV13 serotypes represented 20-29% and 32-53% of IPD cases in PCV13 and PCV10 sites, respectively.Conclusion: Overall IPD incidence in older adults decreased moderately after five childhood PCV10/13 years in 13 European sites. Large declines in PCV10/13 serotype IPD, due to the indirect effect of childhood vaccination, were countered by increases in non-PCV13 IPD, but these declines varied according to the childhood vaccine used. Decision-making on pneumococcal vaccination for older adults must consider the indirect effects of childhood PCV programmes. Sustained monitoring of IPD epidemiology is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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29. Trends in invasive bacterial diseases during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: analyses of prospective surveillance data from 30 countries and territories in the IRIS Consortium

Author

Shaw, David, Abad, Raquel, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bautista, Adriana, Bennett, Desiree, Broughton, Karen, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu-Wai, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert, Cuypers, Lize, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Domenech, Mirian, Drew, Richard, du Plessis, Mignon, Duarte, Carolina, Erlendsdóttir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Hale, Thomas, Henares, Desiree, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnson, Christopher, Johnston, Jillian, Jolley, Keith A, Kawabata, Aníbal, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, León, María Eugenia, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David, Maiden, Martin C J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McCarthy, Noel D, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, Mölling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert, Muñoz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Novakova, Ludmila, Oftadeh, Shahin, Perez-Argüello, Amaresh, Pérez-Vázquez, Maria, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Prevost, Benoit, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Sanabria, Olga Marina, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen, Siira, Lotta, Sintchenko, Vitali, Skoczyńska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Steens, Anneke, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tzanakaki, Georgina, Vainio, Anni, van der Linden, Mark P G, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Yuste, Jose, Zanella, Rosemeire, Zhou, Fei, and Brueggemann, Angela B

Abstract

The Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance (IRIS) Consortium was established to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus agalactiae. We aimed to analyse the incidence and distribution of these diseases during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the 2 years preceding the pandemic.

Published
2024
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30. KOMPARACIA EKOLOGIKEJ POL'NOHOSPODARSKEJ VYROBY NA SLOVENSKU A V EU

Author

SAVOV, Radovan, LANCARIC, Drahoslav, PASKA, L'ubomir, and KOZAKOVA, Jana

Subjects
income, Agricultural and Food Policy, organic farming, correlation, Farm Management, agricultural area, consumption, Crop Production/Industries
Abstract

The aim of the paper is to compare the level of organic farming development (selected indicators - ecological land area, number of organic farmers, average area of organic farm, bioproducts consumption) in Slovakia and in the EU. Identification of problems in organic farming development is also a part of the paper. Slovakia reached level of 140 thousand hectares of ecological land area in 2008 (about 8% of agricultural land area - 15th place in the EU). Since 2011 we predict the decrease of the ecological land area to the level of 95 thousand hectares. The number of organic farmers is another important indicator of organic farming development (Slovakia takes 23rd place in the EU). A comparison by average area of organic farm and by percentage share of organic land is also very interesting. Slovakia represents the extreme because of a relatively high percentage share of organic land, but average area of a farm is more than 320 hectares (the aim of the EU is no more than 250 hectares). Slovakia does not reach good results in bioproducts consumption. There exists strong dependence of average income on level of bioproducts consumption in countries of the EU. It is a reason why countries with higher average income (Denmark, Austria, Luxembourg, Germany, and Sweden) are on the top in this ranking.

Published
2012
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31. SUCASNE PROBLEMY EKOLOGICKEHO POL'NOHOSPODARSTVA NA SLOVENSKU

Author

SAVOV, Radovan, LANCARIC, Drahoslav, KOZAKOVA, Jana, and ROVNY, Patrik

Subjects
problems, subsidies, Agricultural and Food Policy, organic farming, correlation, Farm Management, costs, Environmental Economics and Policy, consumption
Abstract

Slovakia has experienced positive trends in organic farming development in recent years (the area of organic land and number of ecofarms have increased). In spite of this trend there are many problems hindering further development of organic farming in Slovakia. These problems start to appear in production, continue with state support and processing operators, end up in retail markets. Negative or neutral attitude to bio products is a big problem. People named high price level, questionable quality and small range of products among big negatives of ecoproducts. Purchasing power of population limits sale of bio products and decreases return of money to producers. We analyzed the correlation of income to bio products consumption. According to Pearson (0.807), Kendall tau (0.762), Spearman (0.914) correlation coefficients we can say that there is a strong statistical correlation. This correlation refers to countries with higher income and with higher bio products consumption. There are also other problem areas such as lower state financial support, low initiative "from below" (ecofarmers associations) and high level of control. Missing infrastructure of bio products processors is a big barrier in development of Slovak organic farming. In this indicator, Slovakia (with 5 processors) ranks among the least developed EU countries. Poor knowledge of production and sale and small portfolio of products also belong among factors inhibiting development of organic farming in Slovakia. However, the fundamental problem is higher level of production costs compared to conventional farming. Thus, there is lower possibility of competitiveness with higher price in the market. Our research confirmed that costs are 42% (wheat) and 34% (corn) higher in organic farming compared to conventional farming.

Published
2011
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33. Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data

Author

Brueggemann, Angela B, Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa J, Shaw, David, McCarthy, Noel D, Jolley, Keith A, Maiden, Martin C J, van der Linden, Mark P G, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, Bennett, D��sir��e E, Borrow, Ray, Brandileone, Maria-Cristina C, Broughton, Karen, Campbell, Ruth, Cao, Bin, Casanova, Carlo, Choi, Eun Hwa, Chu, Yiu Wai, Clark, Stephen A, Claus, Heike, Coelho, Juliana, Corcoran, Mary, Cottrell, Simon, Cunney, Robert J, Dalby, Tine, Davies, Heather, de Gouveia, Linda, Deghmane, Ala-Eddine, Demczuk, Walter, Desmet, Stefanie, Drew, Richard J, du Plessis, Mignon, Erlendsdottir, Helga, Fry, Norman K, Fuursted, Kurt, Gray, Steve J, Henriques-Normark, Birgitta, Hale, Thomas, Hilty, Markus, Hoffmann, Steen, Humphreys, Hilary, Ip, Margaret, Jacobsson, Susanne, Johnston, Jillian, Kozakova, Jana, Kristinsson, Karl G, Krizova, Pavla, Kuch, Alicja, Ladhani, Shamez N, L��m, Thi��n-Tr��, Lebedova, Vera, Lindholm, Laura, Litt, David J, Martin, Irene, Martiny, Delphine, Mattheus, Wesley, McElligott, Martha, Meehan, Mary, Meiring, Susan, M��lling, Paula, Morfeldt, Eva, Morgan, Julie, Mulhall, Robert M, Mu��oz-Almagro, Carmen, Murdoch, David R, Murphy, Joy, Musilek, Martin, Mzabi, Alexandre, Perez-Arg��ello, Amaresh, Perrin, Monique, Perry, Malorie, Redin, Alba, Roberts, Richard, Roberts, Maria, Rokney, Assaf, Ron, Merav, Scott, Kevin J, Sheppard, Carmen L, Siira, Lotta, Skoczy��ska, Anna, Sloan, Monica, Slotved, Hans-Christian, Smith, Andrew J, Song, Joon Young, Taha, Muhamed-Kheir, Toropainen, Maija, Tsang, Dominic, Vainio, Anni, van Sorge, Nina M, Varon, Emmanuelle, Vlach, Jiri, Vogel, Ulrich, Vohrnova, Sandra, von Gottberg, Anne, Zanella, Rosemeire C, and Zhou, Fei

Subjects
570 Life sciences, biology, 3. Good health
Abstract

Background Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis, which are typically transmitted via respiratory droplets, are leading causes of invasive diseases, including bacteraemic pneumonia and meningitis, and of secondary infections subsequent to post-viral respiratory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of invasive disease due to these pathogens during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this prospective analysis of surveillance data, laboratories in 26 countries and territories across six continents submitted data on cases of invasive disease due to S pneumoniae, H influenzae, and N meningitidis from Jan 1, 2018, to May, 31, 2020, as part of the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance (IRIS) Initiative. Numbers of weekly cases in 2020 were compared with corresponding data for 2018 and 2019. Data for invasive disease due to Streptococcus agalactiae, a non-respiratory pathogen, were collected from nine laboratories for comparison. The stringency of COVID-19 containment measures was quantified using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. Changes in population movements were assessed using Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. Interrupted time-series modelling quantified changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to S pneumoniae, H influenzae, and N meningitidis in 2020 relative to when containment measures were imposed. Findings 27 laboratories from 26 countries and territories submitted data to the IRIS Initiative for S pneumoniae (62���434 total cases), 24 laboratories from 24 countries submitted data for H influenzae (7796 total cases), and 21 laboratories from 21 countries submitted data for N meningitidis (5877 total cases). All countries and territories had experienced a significant and sustained reduction in invasive diseases due to S pneumoniae, H influenzae, and N meningitidis in early 2020 (Jan 1 to May 31, 2020), coinciding with the introduction of COVID-19 containment measures in each country. By contrast, no significant changes in the incidence of invasive S agalactiae infections were observed. Similar trends were observed across most countries and territories despite differing stringency in COVID-19 control policies. The incidence of reported S pneumoniae infections decreased by 68% at 4 weeks (incidence rate ratio 0��32 [95% CI 0��27���0��37]) and 82% at 8 weeks (0��18 [0��14���0��23]) following the week in which significant changes in population movements were recorded. Interpretation The introduction of COVID-19 containment policies and public information campaigns likely reduced transmission of S pneumoniae, H influenzae, and N meningitidis, leading to a significant reduction in life-threatening invasive diseases in many countries worldwide.

34. Global Landscape Review of Serotype-Specific Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Surveillance among Countries Using PCV10/13: The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) Project.

Author

Deloria Knoll M, Bennett JC, Garcia Quesada M, Kagucia EW, Peterson ME, Feikin DR, Cohen AL, Hetrich MK, Yang Y, Sinkevitch JN, Ampofo K, Aukes L, Bacci S, Bigogo G, Brandileone MC, Bruce MG, Camilli R, Castilla J, Chan G, Chanto Chacón G, Ciruela P, Cook H, Corcoran M, Dagan R, Danis K, de Miguel S, De Wals P, Desmet S, Galloway Y, Georgakopoulou T, Hammitt LL, Hilty M, Ho PL, Jayasinghe S, Kellner JD, Kleynhans J, Knol MJ, Kozakova J, Kristinsson KG, Ladhani SN, Lara CS, León ME, Lepp T, Mackenzie GA, Mad'arová L, McGeer A, Mungun T, Mwenda JM, Nuorti JP, Nzoyikorera N, Oishi K, De Oliveira LH, Paragi M, Pilishvili T, Puentes R, Rafai E, Saha SK, Savrasova L, Savulescu C, Scott JA, Scott KJ, Serhan F, Setchanova LP, Sinkovec Zorko N, Skoczyńska A, Swarthout TD, Valentiner-Branth P, van der Linden M, Vestrheim DF, von Gottberg A, Yildirim I, and Hayford K

Abstract

Serotype-specific surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is essential for assessing the impact of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV10/13). The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project aimed to evaluate the global evidence to estimate the impact of PCV10/13 by age, product, schedule, and syndrome. Here we systematically characterize and summarize the global landscape of routine serotype-specific IPD surveillance in PCV10/13-using countries and describe the subset that are included in PSERENADE. Of 138 countries using PCV10/13 as of 2018, we identified 109 with IPD surveillance systems, 76 of which met PSERENADE data collection eligibility criteria. PSERENADE received data from most (n = 63, 82.9%), yielding 240,639 post-PCV10/13 introduction IPD cases. Pediatric and adult surveillance was represented from all geographic regions but was limited from lower income and high-burden countries. In PSERENADE, 18 sites evaluated PCV10, 42 PCV13, and 17 both; 17 sites used a 3 + 0 schedule, 38 used 2 + 1, 13 used 3 + 1, and 9 used mixed schedules. With such a sizeable and generally representative dataset, PSERENADE will be able to conduct robust analyses to estimate PCV impact and inform policy at national and global levels regarding adult immunization, schedule, and product choice, including for higher valency PCVs on the horizon.

Published
2021
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35. Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 1 Following Introduction of PCV10 and PCV13: Findings from the PSERENADE Project.

Author

Bennett JC, Hetrich MK, Garcia Quesada M, Sinkevitch JN, Deloria Knoll M, Feikin DR, Zeger SL, Kagucia EW, Cohen AL, Ampofo K, Brandileone MC, Bruden D, Camilli R, Castilla J, Chan G, Cook H, Cornick JE, Dagan R, Dalby T, Danis K, de Miguel S, De Wals P, Desmet S, Georgakopoulou T, Gilkison C, Grgic-Vitek M, Hammitt LL, Hilty M, Ho PL, Jayasinghe S, Kellner JD, Kleynhans J, Knol MJ, Kozakova J, Kristinsson KG, Ladhani SN, MacDonald L, Mackenzie GA, Mad'arová L, McGeer A, Mereckiene J, Morfeldt E, Mungun T, Muñoz-Almagro C, Nuorti JP, Paragi M, Pilishvili T, Puentes R, Saha SK, Sahu Khan A, Savrasova L, Scott JA, Skoczyńska A, Suga S, van der Linden M, Verani JR, von Gottberg A, Winje BA, Yildirim I, Zerouali K, and Hayford K

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 (ST1) was an important cause of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) globally before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) containing ST1 antigen. The Pneumococcal Serotype Replacement and Distribution Estimation (PSERENADE) project gathered ST1 IPD surveillance data from sites globally and aimed to estimate PCV10/13 impact on ST1 IPD incidence. We estimated ST1 IPD incidence rate ratios (IRRs) comparing the pre-PCV10/13 period to each post-PCV10/13 year by site using a Bayesian multi-level, mixed-effects Poisson regression and all-site IRRs using a linear mixed-effects regression (N = 45 sites). Following PCV10/13 introduction, the incidence rate (IR) of ST1 IPD declined among all ages. After six years of PCV10/13 use, the all-site IRR was 0.05 (95% credibility interval 0.04-0.06) for all ages, 0.05 (0.04-0.05) for <5 years of age, 0.08 (0.06-0.09) for 5-17 years, 0.06 (0.05-0.08) for 18-49 years, 0.06 (0.05-0.07) for 50-64 years, and 0.05 (0.04-0.06) for ≥65 years. PCV10/13 use in infant immunization programs was followed by a 95% reduction in ST1 IPD in all ages after approximately 6 years. Limited data availability from the highest ST1 disease burden countries using a 3+0 schedule constrains generalizability and data from these settings are needed.

Published
2021
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