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Background C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is characterized by heterogeneous clinical presentation, outcome, and predominant C3 accumulation in glomeruli without significant IgG. There is scarce outcome data regarding childhood C3G. We describe clinical and pathological features, treatment and outcomes, and risk factors for progression to chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) in the largest pediatric series with biopsy-proven C3G. Methods Sixty pediatric patients with C3G from 21 referral centers in Turkey were included in this retrospective study. Patients were categorized according to CKD stage at last visit as CKD5 or non-CKD5. Demographic data, clinicopathologic findings, treatment, and outcome data were compared and possible risk factors for CKD5 progression determined using Cox proportional hazards model. Results Mean age at diagnosis was 10.6 ± 3.0 years and follow-up time 48.3 ± 36.3 months. Almost half the patients had gross hematuria and hypertension at diagnosis. Nephritic-nephrotic syndrome was the commonest presenting feature (41.6%) and 1/5 of patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was the leading injury pattern, while 40 patients had only C3 staining. Patients with DDD had significantly lower baseline serum albumin compared with C3GN. Eighteen patients received eculizumab. Clinical remission was achieved in 68.3%. At last follow-up, 10 patients (16.6%) developed CKD5: they had lower baseline eGFR and albumin and higher frequency of nephrotic syndrome and dialysis requirement than non-CKD5 patients. Lower serum albumin and eGFR at diagnosis were independent predictors for CKD5 development. Conclusions Children with C3G who have impaired kidney function and hypoalbuminemia at diagnosis should be carefully monitored for risk of progression to CKD5. Graphical abstract, Author(s): Ayse Seda Pinarbasi [sup.1] , Ismail Dursun [sup.1] , Ibrahim Gokce [sup.2] , Elif Çomak [sup.3] , Seha Saygili [sup.4] , Meral Torun Bayram [sup.5] , Osman Donmez [sup.6] [...]

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Background Although orthostatic proteinuria (OP) is the most common cause of childhood proteinuria, excluding transient proteinuria, data regarding prevalence and long-term prognosis are limited. We aimed to determine prevalence of OP in healthy schoolchildren evaluating relationships with age, gender and body mass index, and determine follow-up. Methods A total of 1701 healthy children aged 6-15 years were selected using a population-based, stratified, cluster-sampling method; and random urine samples were taken. For proteinuria [greater than or equal to] 1+ in first urine samples, second and third random samples were taken at least 2 weeks apart to exclude transient proteinuria. For continuing proteinuria after third samples, first morning urine samples were collected. Cases where proteinuria was not detected in first morning urine samples were diagnosed as OP. Results Sixty-four of 1701 children (3.7%) had proteinuria on first random urine samples. After second and third urine samples, proteinuria persisted in only 16 (0.94%). OP was detected in 11 (0.65%). Prevalence of OP tended to decrease with increasing BMI, though not statistically significant. All 7 cases with OP who were re-evaluated later, had no proteinuria 3 years after diagnosis. Conclusions Prevalence of OP in our study was lower than the literature. At least three random urine samples should be taken to exclude transient proteinuria in an asymptomatic child/adolescent before making a diagnosis of OP using first morning urine samples. OP is a benign condition and resolves spontaneously in most cases. Underweight children had a tendency for OP compared with overweight and obese children; however, further studies with larger number of patients are needed., Author(s): Zümrüt Arslan [sup.1] , Mustafa Koyun [sup.2] , Hakan Erengin [sup.3] , Halide Akbas [sup.4] , Gülsah Kaya Aksoy [sup.2] , Elif Çomak [sup.2] , Sema Akman [sup.2] Author [...]

Background: Liver hydatid cyst ruptures entering the biliary tree can lead to life-threatening conditions. This study investigates the frequency of biliary rupture and the most common magnetic resonance imaging findings. Methods: Patients with hydatid cyst within the last 5 years were screened. Demographic data, the hepatic segment location, number of lesions, lesion size, and type of cyst were recorded, and biliary communication was evaluated. In patients with biliary rupture, the presence of dilation bile ducts, the presence of structures consistent with cyst contents in the bile ducts, the presence of fistulous connections, and the frequency rates of these findings were evaluated. Results: Fifty-five cyst hydatid lesions from 50 patients (30 male and 20 female) were included. 4 (8%) patients had biliary rupture. Among them 4 (100%) patients had dilation in the intrahepatic and common bile ducts, 3 (75%) had deformation of cyst, 2 (50%) had structures consistent with cyst contents in the even ducts, and 1 (25%) had a fistulous connection shown by magnetic resonance imaging. Age and gender did not differ between patients with and without biliary rupture (P > .05). Patients with biliary rupture had larger cysts than those without (P < .05), and type 3 hydatid cysts were the most common. Conclusion: In conclusion, the frequency of intrabiliary rupture in our study was found to be 8%, and significant imaging findings can be obtained with magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of intrabiliary rupture. Bile duct dilation, cyst deformation, cyst contents in the bile ducts, and fistulous connection are the most common magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with intrabiliary rupture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author(s): Gulsah Kaya Aksoy[sup.1] [sup.4] , Mustafa Koyun[sup.1] , Adnan Kabaalioglu[sup.2] , Oguz Dursun[sup.3] , Sema Akman[sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, AntalyaTurkey [...]

In this study, the length-weight relationship (LWR) and condition factor (CF) of Mesopotamian spiny eel Mastacembelus simack (Banks & Solander, 1794) caught from the Tigris River and Murat River basins between 2014 and 2016 were investigated. While the length of the fishes ranged between 24.00 and 67.40 cm for Tigris basin and 27.20 and 60.50 cm Murat basin, the weights changed between 31.70 and 585.30 g for Tigris basin and 38.20 and 385.00 g for Murat basin. It was determined positive allometric growth in individuals with a length of between 27.20 and 31.80 cm (b=3.54) in Murat Basin, 41.20 and 52.80 cm (b=3.27), and 53.70 and 67.40 cm (b=4.77) in Tigris Basin, while negative allometric growth (b<3) was determined in total all samples of both basins. The length-weight relationship was found as W=0.005L2.73 (R²=0.94) for Tigris and W=0.005L2.75 (R²=0.97) for Murat rivers. Average CF has the same value (CF=19) for Tigris and Murat rivers basin fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Length-weight relationships (LWRs) are very important to data for accurate estimate of populations in stock menagement. In this study, the length-weight relationships and Fulton's condition factor (K) of some fish in Göynük Stream, Murat River (Bingöl/Turkiye) were examined. The LWRs and condition factor (K) of Cyprinon macrostomus, Garra rufa, Barbus lacerta, and Acanthobrama marmid were analyzed between March 2017-February 2019. LWRs was estimated using the linear regression model. LWRs were obtained as total weight (TW) = 0.013L2.98, 0.057L2.40, 0.016L2.79 and 0.029L2.82 for C. macrostomus, G. rufa, B. lacerta and A.marmid, respectively. The b values acquired in the four fish species ranged from 2.13-2.57 (G. rufa-Male; Female) to 2.77-3.34 (B. lacerta-Female; Male). Only B. lacerta males had a positive allometric growth versus the males and females of all species had a negative allometric growth. The K of the fish species varied from 0.90-0.99 (A. marmid-Male; Female) to 1.27 (G. rufa-All), indicating that most of the fish were in good condition. However, C. macrostomus and G. rufa were better condition than B. lacerta and A. marmid. The study has provided baseline information on the LWR and K of the fish species in Göynük Stream. The data that would be useful to adapt the adequate regulations for sustainable fish stock estimation in the stream for fishery biologist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background An increase in the number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) indicates endothelial damage and the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of CEC with various clinical parameters in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Methods CEC, defined as [CD45.sup.-] [CD146.sup.+], were enumerated by flow cytometry from the peripheral blood of 50 pediatric renal transplant recipients and 20 healthy controls. Clinical parameters, including renal function tests, fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol and triglyceride, cyclosporine A (CsA) (trough and 2nd-hour) and tacrolimus (tac) trough blood levels and their association with CEC numbers were analyzed. Results CEC numbers of patients were higher than those of controls (respectively, 128±89 cells/ml (42-468 cells/ml), 82±33 cells/ml (32-137 cells/ml), p = 0.024). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between CEC numbers and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r = -0.300, p = 0.012). There was also a statistically positive association between CEC numbers and transplant duration as well as cyclosporine trough level (respectively, r = 0.397, p = 0.004, r=0.714,p =0.004). CEC numbers in patients on tac and CsA were similar (p =0.716). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that renal transplant recipients with high CsA trough blood level, longer transplant duration, and lower GFR, are at greater risk of developing endothelial damage. Keywords CD146 * Chronic kidney disease (CKD) * Cardiovascular disease (CVD) * Pediatric kidney transplantation * Endothelial damage * Cyclosporine, Introduction Life expectancy of renal transplant recipients is shorter than the general population due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [1]. The risk factors for CVD in patients with chronic kidney disease [...]