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Purpose: Knowledge of the early mortality patterns in edentulous implant patients is limited. This study aimed to report patient mortality within the first year after surgery and compare the cause of death with preexisting conditions reported before surgery. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data from the Swedish National Death Register on patients, consecutively treated in the edentulous arch between 1986 and 2013, were compared with information from the patient files regarding the preexisting health conditions of the deceased patients. One-year survival rates were calculated and compared with expected mortality in a Swedish reference population based on three age groups: young (< 45 years of age), middle-aged (45 to 64 years of age), and old patients (> 64 years of age). Proportions of mortality between study groups and reference populations were tested by means of a log-rank test, and agreement between diagnoses before surgery and cause of death was tested by means of kappa test. Results: Altogether, 3,877 patients were included, of whom 60 patients died within 1 year after implant surgery (1.5%). The expected mortality in the Swedish reference population was 2.1% (P < .05). Mortality was higher for middle-aged (P = .02) but lower for old patients (P = .0001) compared with the Swedish reference populations. Eight of the deceased patients (13%) had no preexisting conditions, while 48 patients reported a health diagnosis before implant surgery. The most common of these were related to the circulatory system (ICD 10-I), which was the cause of death for 30 patients. A “none to slight agreement” between presurgical diagnoses and cause of death was observed in the population (kappa: 0.152). Conclusion: Edentulous implant patients presented overall lower mortality than expected in the general population during the first year after surgery. However, middle-aged patients showed a higher proportion of deceased patients compared with control people of the same age. Cardiovascular diseases were the cause of death in 50% of the group, and the agreement between presurgical and cause of death diagnoses was poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Little is known about the relationship between implant patient mortality compared to reference populations. The aim of this study was to report the mortality pattern in patients treated with dental implants up to a 15-year period, and to compare this to mortality in reference populations with regard to age at surgery, sex, and degree of tooth loss.Materials and Methods: Patient cumulative survival rate (CSR) was calculated for a total of 4,231 treated implant patients from a single clinic. Information was based on surgical registers in the clinic and the National Population Register in Sweden. Patients were arranged into age groups of 10 years, and CSR was compared to that of the reference population of comparable age and reported in relation to age at surgery, sex, and type of jaw/dentition.Results: A similar, consistent, general relationship between CSR of different age groups of implant patients and reference populations could be observed for all parameters studied. Completely edentulous patients presented higher mortality than partially edentulous patients (P < .05). Furthermore, implant patients in younger age groups showed mortality similar to or higher than reference populations, while older patient age groups showed increasingly lower mortality than comparable reference populations for edentulous and partially edentulous patients (P < .05).Conclusion: A consistent pattern of mortality in different age groups of patients compared to reference populations was observed, indicating higher patient mortality in younger age groups and lower in older groups. The reported pattern is not assumed to be related to implant treatment per se, but is assumed to reflect the variation in general health of a selected subgroup of treated implant patients compared to the reference population in different age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An association between oral health, number of teeth, and mortality has been reported in the literature, but limited knowledge is available on mortality in elderly partially edentulous and edentulous patients treated with implants. Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the mortality pattern in elderly patients (80 years or older) who were provided with implants and were partially or completely edentulous. Materials and Methods: Between 1986 and 2003, a total of 266 elderly patients with a mean age of 83.0 years at the time of implant placement were included. The patients were provided with 1,384 Brånemark System implants (Nobel Biocare) in 285 arches. The sample was divided into two subgroups: 108 edentulous patients and 158 partially edentulous patients. Information was collected for each individual regarding expected remaining lifetime at the time of implant surgery. Cumulative survival rate (CSR) was calculated and compared for the two subgroups covering 10 years and was also compared to expected CSR data for normal populations of comparable distribution. Results: Mortality was significantly decreased (P < .05) for partially edentulous compared with edentulous patients (–10.4%) after 10 years of follow-up. CSR for the elderly groups showed a significant decrease in mortality compared with comparable groups of normal populations (P < .05). There was no significant difference in morality between healthy/nonhealthy patients at first surgery or patients with reported/unreported implant failures (P > .05). Conclusions: Elderly partially edentulous patients had significantly lower mortality compared with edentulous patients over a 10-year period of followup. Both subgroups also showed significantly lower mortality compared with normal populations of comparable sex and age at the time of implant surgery. The observation is interpreted as that these patients are healthier and more motivated to replace their lost teeth with implants than the normal population rather than that implant treatment per se reduces mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]