Search

Paper reflects on the features of the formation of normative monetary evaluation of land in settlements (hereinafter abbreviated as NME). The nature of the formation of the constituent of the regional differential land rent coefficient Km1 – the coefficient characterizing population size (Km1p). Ukraine settlements classifications scheme suggested, which gives a comprehensive imagination of urban and rural settlements hierarchy in the general resettlement system of the state. Influence of indicators of a population size of different categories on a residence place - the available and permanent population on NME value is analyzed. The desirability of making changes to the Order of normative monetary evaluation of land in settlements has been justified. Specifically, it is proposed to point out that the calculation of NME is based on the account of the constant population size at the beginning of the year for which normative monetary evaluation of land is being performed.

The spatial distribution of dangerous morphodynamic processes patterns within complex natural monument “Stil’ska” are analyzing. In addition, outlining factors and preconditions of intensive exogenous processes development. The features of erosion, landslide, subsidence-talus, karstic-suffusion, biogenic and anthropogenic processes distribution within economy “Stil’ske” and its environs are considered. Systematizing consequences of dangerous morphodynamic processes development. Creating a maps and models series that reflect features of destructive processes display.

The article discusses contemporary issues of digital atlas thematic mapping, which has been gaining momentum in recent decades. It shows that the atlas geoenvironmental mapping allows to perform high quality visualization of various spatial and temporal information in dynamic and static states, reflects the geoenvironmental state of objects that vary by rank, trends in its changes, and evaluates the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on it. Solution to this problem is possible with the correct choice of cartographic service, which can serve as the basis for creating a wide range of interactive digital atlases. Using the ArcGIS Online service allows you to use a larger range of cartographic imagery, which attracts users. At the same time, there are few examples of the creation of atlases of geoenvironmental issues both in paper and in digital form, so the article discusses actual problems in this area. The views of various scientists on the nature of geoenvironmental atlas are characterized. It is shown that atlases of geoenvironmental content should have in their structure basic maps of such subjects: physical geography (hypsometric, geological, tectonic, hydrogeological, geomorphological, soil, hydrological, meteorological, biogeographical, etc.); Socio-economic (demographic, labor resource potential, health, industry, agrogeography, forestry, water management, mining, recreation and tourism, etc.); Ecological (ecology-geomorphological, ecology-geological, hydroecological, soil-ecological, bioecological, landscape-ecological, air pollution, medical-ecological, sanitary-epidemiological, etc.); Applied maps (recommendations aimed at solving geoenvironmental problems, optimizing the use of natural resources and improving living conditions of the population and biota). The article considers the options of atlases classifications and thematic maps that are part of their composition, offered by domestic and foreign authors. The range of problems and tasks connected with the development of digital atlas geoenvironmental mapping of diverse geospatial objects, in particular river-basin systems, is outlined. The ways of solving the problem of information provision of geoenvironmental mapping of the territory of Ukraine are proposed.

The article describes main methodological principles of geoecological assessment of riverbed-floodplain complex condition of one of the small rivers in Ukrainian Carpathians. According to our long-term field, cartographic, laboratory and remote sensing research, division of riverbed into homogeneous geoecological segments was made, as well as their standardization in accordance to the trends of unfavorable processes. Main reasons for deterioration of quality characteristics of channel-floodplain river complex were outlined; the role of natural and anthropogenic factors in deterioration of geoecological condition of the river and its floodplain complex was analyzed. Based on the assessment results it is possible to state that the condition of study segments of the Berezhnytsya river flood-plain and stream-way complex was marked as “excellent”, “good” and “satisfactory”. “Unsatisfactory” and “catastrophic” river and flood-plain condition has not been detected yet, although within Dashava urban settlement the river area condition is close to the “satisfactory” grade. The best situation is at the river head as human impact is minimized here and natural vegetation is preserved. Downstream we trace the tendency of condition worsening as anthropogenic load on the basin system and flood-plain and stream-way complex increases. Its negative impact is balanced by large forests, thus in segments limited by Banya Lysovytska village and Lotatnyky village the river and flood-plain condition is rated as “good”. So, downstream from the named village the value of such an important natural barrier as forest is reducing and anthropogenic load on the river significantly increases. The latter manifests in an intensive agricultural reclamation and housing development of flood-plains. Since degradation processes are rapidly developing over a considerable part of the Berezhnytsya river, negative changes are visible and only the study area, located close to the river head, is in almost optimal condition, a set of urgent measures to stop destructive for the river and its ecosystem processes, to rehabilitate the river and to preserve its resources should be made. Primary measures to improve the river condition should be: to clean off the stream-way and bank-line protective zone from domestic garbage and natural waste; to comply with behaviour requirements in respect of the bank-line protective zone and setting its limits; to fix eroded banks; to limit alluvium extracting from the bed and banks; to organize watering sites for animals; to provide better treatment of wastewater at municipal wastewater treatment plants located in Morshyn city and Dashava village, industrial effluents of Dashava production office of underground gas storage, Dashava composites plant, and Dashava construction materials plant management through their renovation; to reduce possibilities of getting water contaminated with the toxic waste from toxic waste landfill “Shkiryanyk”, into the river and to ensure the oil pipelines crosses the stream-way under the due protection. It is also important to reduce the regulation of a runoff because ponds are mainly lifeless and used for purposes other than intended ones. It is necessary to reduce the intensity of agricultural activity over the flood-plain lands.

The productivity of bee colonies mostly depends on the influence of exogenous factors. The most significant ones include: the presence of a honey base, climatic conditions, environmental temperature, etc. The stability of microclimate indicators in the nest significantly affect the growth of families and nest. The vital temperature range in the post-embryonic period ranges from 30-38 °С. For normal brood development, the incubation temperature should be 34-35 °С. The intensity of growth during this period is largely determined by the influence of climatic conditions, including temperature. As a result of decrease in temperature, there is a densification of the placement of bees, which are more concentrated in the central, breeding part of the nest. Under these conditions, hypothermia of individual areas of the brood, located on the peripheral parts of the honeycombs, beyond the healthy temperature range, is sometimes noted. This is manifested by a sharp drop in the ambient temperature, when there is a numerous brood in the family, or if the nest is not expanded properly. In order to study the influence of cold stress on the development of offspring, two groups were formed. The group incubated at a temperature of 35ºС was considered the control group. The experimental group was a group which was grown at a temperature of 32ºС. After the brood was sealed, pupae were selected every 2 days. At the same time, their mass, the content of total lipids and the ratio of their individual classes were determined. It was found that under the influence of cold stress during brood development, the duration of the incubation period increases by 35-42 hours. It has been established that the adaptation of bees to cold includes a complex of physiological and biochemical processes, among which changes in the mass and composition of lipids play a significant role. The dynamics of triacylglycerides under optimal and stressful conditions of incubation were studied. Taking into account their functional purpose as the main element of energy supply of metabolic pathways, such dynamics indicate profound changes in the processes of energy exchange. When studying the mechanisms of adaptation to cold, a change in the ratio of phospholipid classes, the expression of which is induced by the effect of cold, was revealed. The results of this study bring a deeper understanding of the adaptation mechanisms of honeybees' response to changes in brood incubation temperature. They expand data on the biology of bees during critical periods of growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University is the property of National Mining University, State Higher Educational Institution and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recently, there has been a trend toward the use of new effective natural preparations to fight diseases and improve the health of honey bees. It is also known that a well-balanced structure of the intestinal microbiota of honey bees is the basis for their growth, development, strengthening of the immune response, and resistance to infections. It has been established that some strains of lactic acid bacteria that have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, are promising for the development of broad-spectrum probiotic preparations based on them. Therefore, the aim of the work was to determine the effect of probiotic strains Lactobacillus casei IMV B-7280 and L. plantarum IMV B-7679 on catalase activity, protein content and protein profile of hemolymph, as well as microbiota spectrum of diff erent parts of the intestines of Apis mellifera honey bees. Methods. To conduct the research, a control and two experimental groups of 60-90 bees each were formed. The bees of the control group were fed 60% sugar syrup + 1 mL of distilled H2O for 28 days. The experimental group of bees D1 received 1 mL of 60% sugar syrup + 1 mL of aqueous suspension containing cells of the L. casei IMV B-7280 strain at a concentration of 1 ⋅ 106 CFU/mL every day; experimental group of bees D2, in addition to 1 mL of 60% sugar syrup, received 1 mL of aqueous suspension containing cells of L. plantarum IMV B-7976 strain at a concentration of 1 ⋅ 104 CFU/mL. Catalase activity of the whole organism tissues was determined using the ability of hydrogen peroxide to form a stable colored complex with molybdenum salts on a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 410 nm against water. The amount of protein in the whole organism tissues was determined by the Lowry method. The content of total protein in the body of bees was carried out according to the Kjeldahl method. Determination of the content of individual fractions of soluble proteins of the hemolymph was carried out by the method of vertical electrophoresis in a 7.5% polyacrylamide gel. The relative content of protein fractions was determined using the TotalLab TL120 program and expressed as a percentage of the total pool. To determine the qualitative and quantitative spectrum of the gut microbiota of bees, the hindgut and midgut were sampled (separately) from bees of control and experimental groups. The obtained samples were plated on eight selective solid media for cultivation of different groups of microorganisms. Results. A tendency to increase the catalase activity of bee tissues after 28 days of L. casei IMV B-7280 strain use and a consistently higher activity of this enzyme throughout the experimental period under the action of L. plantarum IMV B-7679 strain was established. In the control group of 28th days, the content of bees and catalase activity remained at a constant level. It was shown that on the 14th day and total protein in the body of bees that received L. casei IMV B-7280 strain increased significantly. Water-soluble fractions of hemolymph proteins were found in bees of both groups: γ-globulins, β-globulins, α2-globulins, and α1-globulins. It should be noted that the albumin fraction was not detected. It has been shown that the hindgut contains a much larger number of microorganisms than the midgut. The use of L. casei IMV B-7280 strain led to an increase in the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in both parts of the gut, as well as to a decrease in the number of staphylococci, streptococci, and microscopic fungi. The use of L. plantarum IMV B-7679 strain had a similar effect, but the changes in the composition of gut microbiome were less pronounced. Conclusions. The use of probiotic strains L. casei IMV B-7280 and L. plantarum IMV B-7679 for feeding bees under the conditions of a laboratory thermostat led to quantitative changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota of bees, namely an increase in the number of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, as well as a decrease in the number of some other groups of microorganisms in the gut. Probiotic strains stimulated catalase activity of bee's body tissues, increased the level of total protein, and did not significantly affect the ratio of hemolymph protein fractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crystal structure of oxide ceramic coatings obtained on AK9M2 and AK12 alloys is determined. Already after 5 min of processing the AK9M2 alloy by plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) method in a standard electrolyte (KOH (3 g/L), Na 2SiO3 (2 g/L)), aluminum and silicon form a compound Al3.21Si0.47. The thermal stability of compounds with the Al2O3∙SiO2 composition is analyzed. A scheme for converting intermediate oxides into mullite is proposed. The obtained results show that with the increase of silicon content in alloys the amount of sillimanite in the corresponding coatings increases. Increase of the PEO process of silumins processing to 2 h causes a partial transformation of sillimanite into mullite. The maximum content of mullite in coatings is approximately 4 mass%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]