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2. Mineral dust over west and central Sahel: Seasonal patterns of dry and wet deposition fluxes from a pluriannual sampling (2006-2012)

Author

Adrien Deroubaix, Catherine Schmechtig, Aldiouma Diallo, M. Coulibaly, J. Vincent, I. Koné, Béatrice Marticorena, Jean-Louis Rajot, Gilles Bergametti, T. Ndiaye, A. Maman, A. Zakou, A. Kouoi, and B. Chatenet

Subjects
Hydrology, Wet season, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sampling (statistics), 010501 environmental sciences, Mineral dust, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Deposition (aerosol physics), Flux (metallurgy), 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, parasitic diseases, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Environmental science, Precipitation, Scavenging, Seasonal cycle, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Total and wet mineral dust deposition has been monitored since 2006 at three Sahelian stations in Senegal, Mali, and Niger, respectively at the weekly and the event time scale. Average annual deposited mass fluxes range from 75 to 183 g m−2 yr−1, from west to east. Deposition fluxes exhibit a clear seasonal cycle in Mali and Niger. High wet deposition fluxes result from an optimum phasing between dust concentration and precipitation: the maximum occurring at the beginning of the wet season, after the maximum of dust concentration and before the precipitation maximum. The contribution of wet to total deposition varies from 67% in Mali to 8% in Senegal. It is the main factor of variability of the deposition fluxes from year to year and at the seasonal scale in Niger and Mali. Wet deposition fluxes in Mali and Niger are mainly due to the wash out of dust emitted by convective systems. In Senegal, the deposition fluxes are lower and dominated by dry deposition (92% of the annual deposition flux). This is due to the low occurrence of convective systems producing local dust emissions and intense wet deposition. The dry deposition fluxes are primarily driven by the variability of the dust concentration. The dry deposition velocities derived from our measurements are consistent with those estimated by theoretical models. Scavenging ratios computed from the measured wet deposition fluxes, dust concentrations, and precipitation are anticorrelated with precipitation amounts. This suggests that most of the atmospheric dust is scavenged at the very beginning of the precipitation events.

Published
2017

3. Stereoselective Access to ( E )-1,3-Enynes through Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydrocarbation of Allenes

Author

Vincent Gandon, Remy Kouoi, Anne Regazzetti, Guillaume Masson, Grégory Genta-Jouve, Emmanuel Roulland, Louis Jeanne-Julien, Cibles Thérapeutiques et conception de médicaments (CiTCoM - UMR 8038), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire (LCM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), Alkyne, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Oxidative addition, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, chemistry, Catalytic cycle, Atom economy, Stereoselectivity, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

PdII and CuI cooperate in catalyzing the alkynes hydrocarbation of allenes (AHA) giving (E)-1,3-enynes with high yields, atom economy, and high regio-/stereoselectivities. We devised new efficient conditions and expanded the substrate scope. Experimental and computational studies support a nonorthodox PdII/PdIV catalytic cycle involving an oxidative addition triggered by a stereodeterminant H+ transfer. This reaction is leveraged in a new strategy of stereoselective synthesis of 1,3-dienes.

Published
2019

5. Mineral dust over west and central Sahel: Seasonal patterns of dry and wet deposition fluxes from a pluriannual sampling (2006-2012)

Author

Chatenet, B., Rajot, Jean-Louis, Bergametti, G., Deroubaix, A., Vincent, J., Kouoi, A., Schmechtig, C., Coulibaly, M., Diallo, A., Kone, I., Maman, A., NDiaye, T., Zakou, A., and Marticorena, B.

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

Total and wetmineral dust deposition has beenmonitored since 2006 at three Sahelian stations in Senegal, Mali, and Niger, respectively at the weekly and the event time scale. Average annual deposited mass fluxes range from 75 to 183 gm(-2) yr(-1), from west to east. Deposition fluxes exhibit a clear seasonal cycle in Mali and Niger. High wet deposition fluxes result from an optimum phasing between dust concentration and precipitation: the maximum occurring at the beginning of the wet season, after the maximum of dust concentration and before the precipitation maximum. The contribution of wet to total deposition varies from 67% in Mali to 8% in Senegal. It is the main factor of variability of the deposition fluxes from year to year and at the seasonal scale in Niger and Mali. Wet deposition fluxes in Mali and Niger are mainly due to the wash out of dust emitted by convective systems. In Senegal, the deposition fluxes are lower and dominated by dry deposition (92% of the annual deposition flux). This is due to the low occurrence of convective systems producing local dust emissions and intense wet deposition. The dry deposition fluxes are primarily driven by the variability of the dust concentration. The dry deposition velocities derived from our measurements are consistent with those estimated by theoretical models. Scavenging ratios computed from the measured wet deposition fluxes, dust concentrations, and precipitation are anticorrelated with precipitation amounts. This suggests that most of the atmospheric dust is scavenged at the very beginning of the precipitation events.

Published
2017

6. Mineral dust over west and central Sahel: Seasonal patterns of dry and wet deposition fluxes from a pluriannual sampling (2006-2012)

Author

Marticoréna, B., Chatenet, B., Rajot, Jean-Louis, Bergametti, G., Deroubaix, A., Vincent, J., Kouoi, A., Schmechtig, C., Coulibaly, M., Diallo, A., Kone, I., Maman, A., Ndiaye, T., Zakou, A., Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), SRAC, Institut d'Economie Rurale, US191 Instrumentation, Moyens Analytiques, Observatoires en Géophysique et Océanographie (IMAGO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), European Community's Sixth Framework Research Programme, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers EFLUVE, French national program [AMMA-2], DRUMS (DeseRt dUst Modeling: performance and Sensitivity evaluation) research program - ASTRID fund call of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-ASTRID-DRUMS-2012], Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Laboratoire de mécanique Biomécanique Polymère Structures (LaBPS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instrumentation, Moyens analytiques, Observatoires en Géophysique et Océanographie (IMAGO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES (UMR_7618 / UMR_D_242 / UMR_A_1392 / UM_113) ), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, parasitic diseases, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

International audience; Total and wet mineral dust deposition has been monitored since 2006 at three Sahelian stations in Senegal, Mali, and Niger, respectively at the weekly and the event time scale. Average annual deposited mass fluxes range from 75 to 183 g m À2 yr À1 , from west to east. Deposition fluxes exhibit a clear seasonal cycle in Mali and Niger. High wet deposition fluxes result from an optimum phasing between dust concentration and precipitation: the maximum occurring at the beginning of the wet season, after the maximum of dust concentration and before the precipitation maximum. The contribution of wet to total deposition varies from 67% in Mali to 8% in Senegal. It is the main factor of variability of the deposition fluxes from year to year and at the seasonal scale in Niger and Mali. Wet deposition fluxes in Mali and Niger are mainly due to the wash out of dust emitted by convective systems. In Senegal, the deposition fluxes are lower and dominated by dry deposition (92% of the annual deposition flux). This is due to the low occurrence of convective systems producing local dust emissions and intense wet deposition. The dry deposition fluxes are primarily driven by the variability of the dust concentration. The dry deposition velocities derived from our measurements are consistent with those estimated by theoretical models. Scavenging ratios computed from the measured wet deposition fluxes, dust concentrations, and precipitation are anticorrelated with precipitation amounts. This suggests that most of the atmospheric dust is scavenged at the very beginning of the precipitation events.

Published
2017

7. Caractérisation d'inhibiteurs potentiels des NO-synthases

Author

Sandra Pijeaud, Olivier Bottin, Rémy Kouoi, Virginie Berthat, Valérie Besson, Emmanuel Curis, Dorota Desaulle, Dominique Lerouet, Laboratoire de Biomathématiques, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Pharmacologie de la circulation cérébrale ( EA 4475 ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Pharmacologie de la circulation cérébrale (EA 4475), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and SILLET, Arnauld

Subjects
[SDV.SP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, 1400W, [ SDV.SP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, ARL17477, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Mots-clés : Traumatisme crânien, NOS
Abstract

Parmi les mécanismes physiopathologiques du traumatisme crânien figure notamment la voie du monoxyde d'azote (NO), principalement produit par les NO-synthases de type 1 (NOS1) et 2 (NOS2). Le monoxyde d'azote forme des peroxynitrites, qui entraînent diverses altérations fonctionnelles au niveau cérébral. Alors qu'il n'existe aucun traitement préventif des complications du traumatisme crânien, une stratégie thérapeutique potentiellement intéressante serait d'inhiber les NO-synthases. Dans cette étude, nous avons étudié deux molécules inhibitrices des NOS1 et NOS2 : l'ARL17477 et le 1400W. L'activité catalytique des NO-synthases a été étudiée à l'aide d'un dosage radio-enzymatique. En utilisant un modèle de régression non linéaire, nous pouvons conclure que l'ARL17477 est un inhibiteur sélectif de la NOS1 et le 1400W un inhibiteur sélectif de la NOS2.

Published
2016

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