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The domestic production network in China has been affected by multiple shocks in recent years, and this study reveals the dynamic changes of the shocks' effects. Based on a domestic trade model with industry-level unobserved factors, we examine the trends of multiple shocks to the domestic market of China's manufacturing industries and find that the domestic market has been bolstered by upward shocks until 2010, while has been depressed by downward shocks thereafter. Furthermore, based on multi-regional input–output analysis, we evaluate the impacts of domestic market shocks on industries' value-added in the domestic value chain (DVC). We find that from 2004 to 2012, the domestic market shocks significantly promoted industries to participate in DVC embodied in the global value chain (DVC1), while after 2012 the shocks began to promote industries to participate in DVC completely based on endogenous capabilities (DVC2). However, the DVC2 position has not been upgraded by domestic market shocks. From another perspective, we investigate the impacts of domestic market shocks on the industrial linkage structure and find that the impact on industries' centrality turns from negative to positive after the 2008 global financial crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines multiple shocks to the external market of China's manufacturing industry based on a trade model with multi-level unobserved factors. We find that the global external market of main industries is suffering constant downward shocks since 2008, while the traditional (non-traditional) markets are further affected by downward (upward) shocks. Private enterprises are more sensitive to shocks. Further, the adjustment of US trade policy toward China has caused China's exports to the US to deviate from the normal path by around 10% from 2015 to 2019, while having no significant effect on China's exports to the other traditional markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous air combat by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) will be one of the main forms of air combat in the future. To solve the problems of simple assumption, complicated calculation and large scale on close range autonomous air combat, an autonomous air combat decision-making method based on basic flight maneuver (BFM) is proposed to ensure the effectiveness and timeliness in the research on the lvsl autonomous air combat with short-range missiles. Firstly, a score function to quantitatively evaluate the air combat situation is designed according to the missile attack zone (AZ). Secondly, a geometric model to predict the target position is established. Then, a guidance method is proposed based on the error compensation of position and velocity. Finally, offensive and defensive situations are set up in the simulation, and the experimental results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the problem that the existing air combat decision-making methods do not have an complete consideration for multi-fighter air combat, in the context of air combat before contacting enemy, this paper improves the existing methods from three aspects. The substitutes the combat power field for superiority functions. This reflects the influence of equipment performance on decition-making, second, it achieves preliminary target assignment based on giving full play to the multi-target attack abiliy and improving cooperative efficiency. Third, it introduces the coefficient of target importance and yield, aiming to take the multi-objective processing capability of radar and the rationality of attack resources allocation into consideration Finally, tt solves the index function based on the extrapolation and particle swarm optimization simulation result proves the effectiveness of the improved content The result of research shows that the improved decision-making method is more consistent wtth the ar combat reality. It also has a better cooperative efficiency than the method before improvement [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]