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Efficient RNA isolation from filamentous fungi is crucial for gene expression studies, but it poses significant technical challenges due to the robust cell walls and susceptibility of RNA to degradation by ribonucleases. This study presents the effectiveness of two RNA isolation protocols for four species of filamentous fungi: Penicillium crustosum, Penicillium rubens, Penicillium griseofulvum, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Both protocols utilized Fenzol Plus for cell lysis but varied in the mechanical disruption methods: bead-beating versus manual vortexing. The results show that the bead-beater method (Protocol 1) yielded significantly higher RNA quantities, with better purity and integrity, as demonstrated by higher A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios. RNA concentrations ranged from 30 to 96 µg/g of dry biomass in Penicillium species and up to 52 µg/g in A. fumigatus. The use of chloroform in Protocol 1 also enhanced RNA purity, effectively separating contaminants such as DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. This optimized protocol is highly efficient and can be applied in routine laboratories handling large numbers of fungal samples, making it a robust method for downstream applications such as cDNA synthesis and transcriptome analysis.

The growing global population presents a significant challenge to ensuring food security, further compounded by the increasing threat of salinity to agricultural productivity. Wheat, a major staple food providing 20% of the total caloric intake for humans, is susceptible to salinity stress. Developing new salt-tolerant wheat cultivars using wheat breeding techniques and genetic modifications is crucial to addressing this issue while ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of wheat production systems within the prevailing climate trend. This review overviews the current landscape in this field and explores key mechanisms and associated genetic traits that warrant attention within breeding programs. We contend that traditional approaches to breeding wheat for Na+ exclusion have limited applicability across varying soil salinity levels, rendering them inefficient. Moreover, we question current phenotyping approaches, advocating for a shift from whole-plant assessments to cell-based phenotyping platforms. Finally, we propose a broader use of wild wheat relatives and various breeding strategies to tap into their germplasm pool for inclusion in wheat breeding programs.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by specific loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. Although ALS has historically been characterized as a motor neuron disease, there is evidence that motor neurons degenerate in a retrograde manner, beginning in the periphery at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and skeletal muscle. We recently reported a vesicle trafficking protein Bet1L (Bet1 Golgi Vesicular Membrane Trafficking Protein Like) as a new molecule possibly linked to NMJ degeneration in ALS. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Bet1L gene silencing in skeletal muscle could influence NMJ integrity, motor neuron function, and survival in a rat model of familial ALS (SOD1G93A transgenic). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the Bet1L gene was injected on a weekly basis into the hindlimb muscle of pre-symptomatic ALS and wild-type (WT) rats. After 3 weeks, intramuscular Bet1L siRNA injection significantly increased the number of denervated NMJs in the injected muscle. Bet1L knockdown decreased motor neuron size in the lumbar spinal cord, which innervated the siRNA-injected hindlimb. Impaired motor function was identified in the hindlimbs of Bet1L siRNA-injected rats. Notably, the effects of Bet1L knockdown on NMJ and motor neuron degeneration were more significant in ALS rats when compared to WT rats. Together, Bet1L knockdown induces denervation of NMJs, but also this knockdown accelerates the disease progression in ALS. Our results provide new evidence to support the potential roles of Bet1L as a key molecule in NMJ maintenance and ALS pathogenesis.

Intestinal mucins play a crucial role in the mucosal barrier, serving as the body’s initial defense against microorganisms. However, how the host regulates the secretion and glycosylation of these mucins in response to bacterial invasion remains unclear. Our study demonstrates that when exposed to Streptococcus gallolyticus (SGG), a gut pathobiont, the host mucosa promptly adjusts the behavior of specialized goblet cells (GCs) located in the middle of the crypts. A subset of these cells undergoes a remodeling, becoming intercrypt goblet cells (icGCs), which do not detach from the surface but instead migrate along intercrypt spaces while secreting a mucus impermeable to bacterial pathogens. Significantly, a non-piliated SGG mutant unable to bind to mucus fails to induce icGCs, allowing its translocation through the mucosa and submucosa. Interestingly, a closely related nonpathogenic bacterium, SGM, able to bind to mucus, also triggers the differentiation of GCs into icGCs. This discovery opens new avenues for treating patients with a “leaky gut” as observed in intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases and metabolic disorders, but also patients with a history of repeated antibiotic use. Utilizing mucus-adherent probiotics to induce icGCs represents a promising strategy for reinforcing the mucosal barrier.

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder affecting millions of children worldwide. Methylphenidate is one of the most prescribed medications for managing ADHD symptoms due to its proven efficacy. However, despite its widespread use and effectiveness, there are ongoing concerns about the cardiovascular safety of methylphenidate, particularly in pediatric populations. These concerns stem from reports of increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and, in rare cases, more severe cardiovascular events. Aim of the Study: To review recent studies on the cardiovascular safety of methylphenidate in children with ADHD, synthesizing findings to inform clinical practice. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on studies published in the last decade that investigated the cardiovascular effects of methylphenidate in children with ADHD. Conclusion: The review highlights that while methylphenidate is generally well-tolerated, there are notable cardiovascular risks, particularly in susceptible children. These risks underscore the importance of thorough cardiovascular assessment and monitoring in children undergoing treatment with methylphenidate. The findings advocate for a balanced approach where the benefits of symptom management are weighed against potential cardiovascular risks. Clinicians are advised to adopt comprehensive monitoring strategies and consider individual risk factors when prescribing methylphenidate to children with ADHD.

Collagen, a key structural protein, is essential for maintaining the integrity of connective tissues such as skin, cartilage, tendons, bones. As natural collagen production decreases with age and is further compromised by environmental factors such as UV radiation and poor diet, collagen degradation accelerates, leading to conditions like wrinkles, joint stiffness, and decreased bone density. Collagen supplementation has gained widespread attention as a therapeutic intervention to counteract these effects. This review conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of various forms of collagen supplementation, including hydrolyzed collagen, undenatured collagen, and gelatin, and their effects on a range of health outcomes. Hydrolyzed collagen, due to enhanced bioavailability, is associated with improvements in skin elasticity, hydration, joint pain relief, and muscle recovery, making it particularly valuable for aging populations and athletes. Undenatured type II collagen, on the other hand, modulates immune responses and shows potential in reducing inflammation and slowing the progression of degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Gelatin, while less bioavailable than hydrolyzed collagen, still supports skin and joint health when taken in larger quantities. This review also explores emerging evidence of collagen’s beneficial effects on bone density, wound healing, and hair health, with marine-derived collagen showing promise in skin health due to its rapid absorption. Potential adverse effects, including mild gastrointestinal discomfort and rare allergic reactions, are discussed, emphasizing the importance of sourcing high-quality products. Overall, collagen supplementation, particularly hydrolyzed collagen peptides, offers significant therapeutic potential for improving skin, joint, and musculoskeletal health, but further research is required to define optimal dosages, formulations, and long-term safety for various populations.

Graves' disease (GD) is an autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by hyperthyroidism, enlarged thyroid gland, and ophthalmopathy. It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, especially in middle-aged women. The pathological mechanism involves the production of antibodies against the TSH receptor (TRAbs), which leads to uncontrolled stimulation of the thyroid gland and excessive production of thyroid hormones. This study examined optimal treatment strategies for Graves' disease, emphasizing the critical role of physician-patient collaboration. The paper discusses the clinical aspects of Graves' disease, focusing on the recurrent nature of the disease with periods of exacerbations and remissions. Additionally, attention is drawn to the commonly associated disease: orbitopathy, which may lead to permanent damage to the orbital tissues, eye movement disorders, deterioration of visual acuity, and even blindness. The paper presents current therapeutic approaches, including pharmacotherapy, radioactive iodine treatment and surgical interventions. It emphasizes the importance of personalized treatment plans and the need for regular monitoring to minimize the risk of complications. This study emphasizes active patient involvement in treatment decisions to determine the most effective treatment strategy for Graves' disease, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. This enzyme is crucial for breaking down glucocerebrosides, and its deficiency leads to their accumulation in the monocyte-macrophage system, forming Gaucher cells. These cells build up in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver, causing various clinical manifestations. GD is classified into three types based on clinical features and progression: GD1 (non-neuronopathic), GD2 (acute neuronopathic), and GD3 (subacute neuronopathic). GD1, the most common form, usually presents with splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and skeletal symptoms and has a relatively mild course. GD2 is marked by severe neurological involvement, with a poor prognosis and a maximum survival of three years. GD3 features a mix of visceral, hematological, neurological, and skeletal symptoms, with a variable prognosis depending on the subtype. Epidemiologically, GD is rare in the general population but more common among Ashkenazi Jews, who have a higher carrier frequency and prevalence. The genetic basis of GD is well-documented, with several mutations associated with different disease severities and outcomes. Diagnostic procedures include a comprehensive medical history, imaging studies, and biochemical and genetic tests to confirm reduced glucocerebrosidase activity and identify GBA1 mutations. Current treatments focus on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and substrate reduction therapy (SRT), with supportive care for specific symptoms. ERT is the primary treatment for all children with GD1 and GD3 and for adults who meet certain criteria, while SRT is an alternative for milder forms of GD1. Despite advances in treatment, managing GD remains complex, requiring a multidisciplinary approach to address the diverse clinical manifestations and improve patient outcomes.

Introduction: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder marked by hyperphagia, obesity, developmental delays, and behavioral challenges. Traditional treatments like dietary control and growth hormone therapy often fail to effectively manage these symptoms. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs have shown potential in treating PWS. This review assesses the efficacy, safety and mechanisms of GLP-1 analogs in PWS treatment. They improve glycemic control, cardiovascular health, and appetite regulation, contributing to better weight management and overall health in PWS patients. These analogs enhance insulin secretion, inhibit glucagon release, and slow gastric emptying, helping to reduce postprandial glucose spikes and caloric intake. Results: Several small-scale studies and case reports have shown mixed results regarding the effectiveness of GLP-1 analogs in reducing BMI and hyperphagia in PWS patients. Although the studies demonstrated varied outcomes in terms of BMI reduction, all of them reported improvement in satiety or appetite levels. Conclusions: Overall, GLP-1 analogs hold promise for addressing hyperphagia, obesity, and glycemic control in PWS patients, improving their overall health and quality of life. Continued research and long-term studies are essential to establish these benefits and optimize treatment strategies.

Introduction: Kidney stones, a prevalent urological issue affecting 2% to 15% of the global population, result from complex physicochemical processes in urine. Untreated stones can lead to severe complications like ureter blockage and kidney damage. Diet plays a crucial role in stone formation, with historical negative views on coffee consumption. However, new research shows potential benefits of coffee. The purpose of this review was to analyze the association between coffee consumption and the risk of developing kidney stones. State of knowledge: Kidney stones develop as solid masses in the kidney's collecting system and can consist of various substances like calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid, and cystine. Understanding the formation of kidney stones involves analyzing the role of crystal retention. Coffee consumption has shown potential benefits in reducing the risk of kidney stones by influencing urine composition. Additionally, oxalate and calcium are key dietary components to consider in kidney stone prevention strategies. Coffee has demonstrated diverse health benefits, including protection against cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative conditions. Its impact on blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and neuroprotection highlights its potential role in promoting overall well-being. Conclusions: Coffee consumption, particularly due to its caffeine content and other compounds like chlorogenic acid, may reduce the risk of kidney stone formation. Caffeine has shown anti-lithogenic properties, decreasing oxalate excretion and increasing magnesium and potassium excretion, potentially preventing stone formation. A study by P. Peerapen and V. Thongboonkerd highlighted caffeine's role in reducing crystal adhesion to renal cells as a key mechanism in preventing kidney stones. In summary, coffee's diverse components could provide protection against kidney stone development.

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are a wide group of proteins directed against autologous cellular components, primarily nucleic acids and histones. Their levels are assessed using immunofluorescence on Hep-2 cells or a solid-phase ANA screening immunoassay to subsequently obtain titer value with positive cut-point of ≥1:80. Studies show that ANA can be found in 13% of general population, but typically they are associated with autoimmune conditions and inflammatory connective tissue diseases for example: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, mixed connective tissue disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic sclerosis, inflammatory myopathies. ANA detection is especially important for SLE, where 2 antibody types - anti-Sm and anti-dsDNA - serve as an entry diagnostic criterion. With increasing patient screening for those antibodies, it is important to determine that alone, positive ANA assays cannot confirm nor deny any disease and to classify their presence as a marker of a disease it is required to satisfy additional additive criteria approved in 2019 by European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology. SLE diagnosis can be made when patient collects 10 points from clinical or immunologic domains described by EULAR/ACR, which makes SLE diagnosis challenging and therefore, describing the guidelines is vital to remain cautious about overestimation of the position positive ANA values hold in clinical practice. In conclusion the positive ANA test may be a basis for diagnosis, when additional symptoms occur, but alone does not hold any diagnostic significance and may lead to unnecessary stress for patient.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD, Alzheimer's Disease) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease that is a major cause of dementia in the elderly. Current drug therapies have limited effectiveness, prompting the search for alternative and complementary treatments. A growing body of scientific evidence suggests that regular physical activity may play a key role in preventing and slowing the progression of AD by affecting brain fitness Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the available scientific evidence and examine the impact of physical activity on the progression, course and prevention of AD. We analyze how regular exercise may affect cognitive function, brain structure and neurodegenerative biomarkers associated with AD. Material and methods: The review was based on the analysis of materials collected in the databases "Pubmed", Google Scholar, ResearchGate, books and other scientific articles. The search was conducted using keywords: “Alzheimer’s Disease”, “physical activity”, “impact of PA on AD”, “prevention” Results: A review of the literature has shown that regular physical activity can help improve cognitive function and delay the progression of AD through a variety of biological mechanisms, including increased neurogenesis, improved cerebral blood flow and reduced inflammation. Conclusions: The results suggest that regular physical activity may play an important role in the prevention and progression of AD, offering potential cognitive and neuroprotective benefits. These findings the importance of promoting physical activity as a non-pharmacological strategy to counteract AD. Based on these findings, further research should focus on determining the optimal types and intensities of exercise and the mechanisms behind their effects.

Background: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), a prominent adaptogen in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, has gained substantial attention for its potential to enhance resilience to modern stressors, improve sleep quality, and alleviate anxiety. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that Ashwagandha’s active compounds, particularly withanolides, influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to reductions in cortisol levels and a more balanced stress response. Puropose: This review aims to consolidate current evidence on Ashwagandha’s efficacy in modulating stress response, improving sleep patterns, and reducing anxiety levels. Material and methods: The review was based on the analysis of materials collected in the databases "Pubmed", Google Scholar, ResearchGate, books and other scientific articles. The search was conducted using keywords: “Ashwagandha”, “Withania somnifera”, “adaptogen”, “stress”, “anxiety”, “sleep”, “cortisol”. “HPA axis”. Results: A review of the literature has shown Ashwagandha anxiolytic properties, with effects comparable to standard anti-anxiety medications but with fewer side effects. Additionally, Ashwagandha has been shown to significantly improve sleep onset latency, sleep duration, and overall sleep quality, particularly in individuals suffering from stress-induced sleep disorders. Conclusions: Ashwagandha shows significant potential as a natural therapy for managing stress, improving sleep quality, and reducing anxiety, primarily through its effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and cortisol regulation. Clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in improving sleep patterns and reducing anxiety, with a generally favorable safety profile. However, there is a need for further research, particularly to better understand the long-term effects and safety of Ashwagandha supplementation.

Dietary fiber (DF) encompasses a variety of plant-derived carbohydrates resistant to human digestive enzymes, significantly influencing gastrointestinal health. This study examines the role of DF in managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Diverticular Disease (DD), utilizing comprehensive analysis from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. IBS, affecting 10-20% globally, involves complex brain-gut interactions, motility issues, and microbiota changes. Soluble fiber like psyllium reduces IBS symptoms by improving stool consistency and regulating bowel movements. However, the role of DF in DD is more nuanced. While the reports on the impact on diverticulosis prevalence are contradictory, numerous moderate-quality studies confirmed the protective effect against recurrent diverticulitis and hospitalization. The effect of different fiber types on this matter was not widely explored which might explain the discordances between the studies. Further research is essential to fully understand the diverse effects of different types of DF on gastrointestinal (GI) health. This way, exhaustive guidelines specific to each fiber type and disease phenotype could be developed, allowing to tailor the dietary recommendations to each patient, optimizing the management of symptoms of IBS and DD, and improving the quality of life.

A thermally driven, micrometer-scale switch technology has been created that utilizes the ErH3/Er2O3 materials system. The technology is comprised of novel thin film switches, interconnects, on-board micro-scale heaters for passive thermal environment sensing, and on-board micro-scale heaters for individualized switch actuation. Switches undergo a thermodynamically stable reduction/oxidation reaction leading to a multi-decade (>11 orders) change in resistance. The resistance contrast remains after cooling to room temperature, making them suitable as thermal fuses. An activation energy of 290 kJ/mol was calculated for the switch reaction, and a thermos-kinetic model was employed to determine switch times of 120 ms at 560 °C with the potential to scale to 1 ms at 680 °C.

Multivalent rechargeable metal batteries offer a safer, more sustainable, and higher energy density alternative to lithium-ion batteries, though several challenges remain. Recent demonstrations of room-temperature reversible electrodeposition and dissolution of Ca metal indicate that it is possible to stabilize metallic Ca anodes with spontaneously formed solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs). However, further progress toward the goal of an energy-efficient, long cycle-life Ca anode requires correlating interphase identity with electrode performance. In this work, we demonstrate that the SEI formed from calcium borohydride solvated in tetrahydrofuran, an electrolyte that supports reversible Ca deposition, is a compositionally and structurally heterogeneous oxide, sufficiently thin to support Ca2+ cation transmission while stabilizing Ca from corrosive loss during long-term electrolyte contact. The significant advance demonstrated here is that ionically nonconductive materials, like calcium oxide, can form cation-transmissive interphases in which conductivity can be tailored through control of heterogeneity, providing an approach for stabilizing reactive metal electrodes.

The Mesolithic burial site Groß Fredenwalde, NE-Germany, discovered in 1962, had remained a poorly understood part of the Mesolithic burial record for decades. Since 2012, the site has been under re-investigation. New discoveries confirm the presence of several single and multiple inhumation graves. Groß Fredenwalde stands out as the largest and one of the oldest Mesolithic cemeteries in North-central Europe. Its use period can be separated into two phases: a main phase in the late seventh millennium cal BC to the early sixth millennium cal BC and a later single burial c. 4900 cal BC. Here the state of research on the site is presented and selected characteristics are discussed in the context of early cemeteries of Northern and North-eastern Europe.

Equine endometrosis is one of the major causes of equine infertility, often associated with signs of periglandular fibrosis occurring in the endometrium. As the oviduct is a key location of early embryo development, we hypothesized that disturbances in hormonal action may be associated with a loss of contact between mucosal cells in the uterus and oviducts. This study investigates the expression of intermediate filament proteins (vimentin and desmin), oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and progesterone receptor A (PRA) in the stroma and epithelia of the endometria and oviducts of healthy mares and mares with endometrosis. Endometrium samples were obtained from 56 mares, culled in a slaughterhouse, and were designated either healthy endometrium (n = 26) or endometrium with signs of moderate to severe endometrosis (n = 20). The phase of the ovarian cycle and the expression of vimentin, desmin, ERα, and PRA were compared between these groups. The expressions of both vimentin and desmin were higher in the endometrial stroma of the endometrosis group than in healthy endometria. The expression of ERα in the healthy endometrial stroma and luminal epithelium during the follicular phase was higher than in the luteal phase, but showed no differences in the endometrium of mares with endometrosis. PRA expression was significantly higher in the stoma oviduct during the follicular phase than in the luteal phase. It seems possible that mucosal cells may support the occurrence of moderate to severe endometrosis through their altered intermediate filament and sex steroid receptor interactions. In addition, the oviduct appears to be less sensitive to hormonal changes than the uterus. Changes in the expression of intermediate filament and steroid hormone proteins may be a leading factor contributing to the functional status of the oviduct in endometrosis.

Granular metals (GMs), consisting of metal nanoparticles separated by an insulating matrix, frequently serve as a platform for fundamental electron transport studies. However, few technologically mature devices incorporating GMs have been realized, in large part because intrinsic defects (e.g., electron trapping sites and metal/insulator interfacial defects) frequently impede electron transport, particularly in GMs that do not contain noble metals. Here, we demonstrate that such defects can be minimized in molybdenum–silicon nitride (Mo–SiNx) GMs via optimization of the sputter deposition atmosphere. For Mo–SiNx GMs deposited in a mixed Ar/N2 environment, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy shows a 40%–60% reduction of interfacial Mo-silicide defects compared to Mo–SiNx GMs sputtered in a pure Ar environment. Electron transport measurements confirm the reduced defect density; the dc conductivity improved (decreased) by 104–105 and the activation energy for variable-range hopping increased 10×. Since GMs are disordered materials, the GM nanostructure should, theoretically, support a universal power law (UPL) response; in practice, that response is generally overwhelmed by resistive (defective) transport. Here, the defect-minimized Mo–SiNx GMs display a superlinear UPL response, which we quantify as the ratio of the conductivity at 1 MHz to that at dc, Δ σ ω. Remarkably, these GMs display a Δ σ ω up to 107, a three-orders-of-magnitude improved response than previously reported for GMs. By enabling high-performance electric transport with a non-noble metal GM, this work represents an important step toward both new fundamental UPL research and scalable, mature GM device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dysregulation of the adaptor protein Abelson interactor 1 (ABI1) is linked to malignant transformation. To interrogate the role of ABI1 in cancer development, we mapped the ABI1 interactome using proximity‐dependent labeling (PDL) with biotin followed by mass spectrometry. Using a novel PDL data filtering strategy, considering both peptide spectral matches and peak areas of detected peptides, we identified 212 ABI1 proximal interactors. These included WAVE2 complex components such as CYFIP1, NCKAP1, or WASF1, confirming the known role of ABI1 in the regulation of actin‐polymerization‐dependent processes. We also identified proteins associated with the TAK1‐IKK pathway, including TAK1, TAB2, and RIPK1, denoting a newly identified function of ABI1 in TAK1‐NF‐κB inflammatory signaling. Functional assays using TNFα‐stimulated, ABI1‐overexpressing or ABI1‐deficient cells showed effects on the TAK1‐NF‐kB pathway‐dependent signaling to RIPK1, with ABI1‐knockout cells being less susceptible to TNFα‐induced, RIPK1‐mediated, TAK1‐dependent apoptosis. In sum, our PDL‐based strategy enabled mapping of the ABI1 proximal interactome, thus revealing a previously unknown role of this adaptor protein in TAK1/RIPK1‐based regulation of cell death and survival.

Abstract In this work, we investigated the oncogenic role of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG), a gut bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We showed that SGG UCN34 accelerates colon tumor development in a chemically induced CRC murine model. Full proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of murine colons chronically colonized by SGG UCN34 revealed that 164 proteins and 725 phosphorylation sites were differentially regulated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicates a pro-tumoral shift specifically induced by SGG UCN34, as ~ 90% of proteins and phosphoproteins identified were associated with digestive cancer. Comprehensive analysis of the altered phosphoproteins using ROMA software revealed up-regulation of several cancer hallmark pathways such as MAPK, mTOR and integrin/ILK/actin, affecting epithelial and stromal colonic cells. Importantly, an independent analysis of protein arrays of human colon tumors colonized with SGG showed up-regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathways, providing clinical relevance to our findings. To test SGG’s capacity to induce pre-cancerous transformation of the murine colonic epithelium, we grew ex vivo organoids which revealed unusual structures with compact morphology. Taken together, our results demonstrate the oncogenic role of SGG UCN34 in a murine model of CRC associated with activation of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways.