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Der Beitrag diskutiert zwei Biografien nicht-traditionell Studierender, die den Hochschulzugang über das Ablegen einer Zulassungsprüfung erhalten haben. Zur Rekonstruktion der Motivstrukturen und der weiterführenden biografischen Verläufe nach dem Studium wurden narrative Interviews mit der Objektiven Hermeneutik ausgewertet. Beide Fälle stehen für ausgeprägte Erfolgsgeschichten, unterscheiden sich jedoch hinsichtlich der Motive, Werthaltungen, Strategien und Zielvorstellungen, die auch durch Familie und Milieu geprägt sind. Abschließend erfolgt ein Fallvergleich, der auf die hohe Bedeutsamkeit von Bildungsoptionen für diese Personengruppe hinweist.

Backsheet degradation is a known reliability issue affecting field-exposed photovoltaic (PV) modules power plants. In this work, we present lessons learned during the last three years, examining modules from 26 power plants in the TestLab PV Modules at Fraunhofer ISE. The basis is a description of the currently observed backsheets and associated degradation features as for example backsheet chalking, cracks in different layers and chemical changes in composition. Furthermore, we lay out analytical methods for initial and more detailed analysis of the failures and module materials. For example, a method designated as “flashlight test” has been found to provide a quick and straightforward method to identify damaged polypropylene (PP) layers within backsheets. Furthermore, scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and a comparison of different variants of FTIR spectroscopy are presented.

37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1014-1018, Photovoltaic module failure modes associated with backsheet degradation have a high relevance in the operation and maintenance of power plants. In this work, field-exposed modules are analyzed by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) to visualize and localize backsheet failure modes in specific layers non-destructively. Acoustic micrographs were collected from material depths of the backsheet and allowed the visualization and assessment of depth profiles of the embedded PV module components individually. Multiple types of interlayer cracks were identified. These local defects of the backsheet were validated by microscopy images of destructively acquired backsheet cross-section samples. Additionally, the backsheet cracking are reproduced in laboratory under UV-DH combined aging test.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) might improve outcome of patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in which vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) are frequent and severe complications. A series of patients (

Hintergrund: Der Masterplan Medizinstudium 2020 (1) sieht vor, als drittes Fach in der M3-Staatsexamens-Prüfung neben den Fächern Innere Medizin und Chirurgie das Fach Allgemeinmedizin verpflichtend einzuführen. Daher wurden seit 2015 mehrmals M3-Prüfer-Workshops für Lehrende,[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 52. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Zusammenfassung: Eine flächendeckende ambulante ärztliche Versorgung ist in den ländlichen Regionen Deutschlands zunehmend gefährdet. Unterschiedliche i.d.R. finanziell ausgestattete Stipendienprogramme für Medizinstudierende gehören hierzulande zu den prioritären Maßnahmen, dieser Entwicklung zu begegnen. Internationale Erfahrungen legen nahe, neben finanziellen Förderungen zusätzlich Aspekte der Studierendenauswahl und der inhaltlichen Ausgestaltung des Medizinstudiums zu berücksichtigen.

Hintergrund: Das US-amerikanische IMPACT-Programm wurde auf das deutsche Versorgungssystem adaptiert. In einer telefongestützten Intervention durch weitergebildete Pflegekräfte wurden vor allem verhaltensaktivierende Interventionselemente eingesetzt. Neben der Verbesserung der depressiven [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 51. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Hintergrund: Als ein Weg aus der Misere eines drohenden Hausärztemangels wird die Bedeutung eines allgemeinmedizinischen Ausbildungsabschnittes im Praktischen Jahr diskutiert. Es konnte belegt werden, dass ein Wahltertial Allgemeinmedizin die Attraktivität des Berufsbildes Hausarzt bei Studierenden[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 51. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Depressionen sind neben Angststörungen die häufigsten psychischen Erkrankungen bei älteren Menschen und mit einer hohen Krankheitslast verbunden. GermanIMPACT ist die deutsche Adaption eines in den USA etablierten Collaborative-Care-Modells zur Verbesserung[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Klasse statt Masse – wider die wertlose Wissenschaft; 18. Jahrestagung des Deutschen Netzwerks Evidenzbasierte Medizin

Hintergrund: GermanIMPACT ist die deutsche Adaption eines in den USA etablierten Collaborative-Care-Modells zur Verbesserung der hausärztlichen Versorgung depressiver Patienten ab 60 Jahren. Die telefongestützte Intervention beinhaltet v.a. psychoedukative Elemente, die unter psychologischer[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 50. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

The purpose of the present study was to assess the ocular surface health status in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients switching from topical application of preserved latanoprost (LT) to preservative-free tafluprost (PFT) by tear proteomic monitoring. Tear fluid of POAG patients showing dry eye symptoms, using LT and switching to PFT as well as tear fluid of healthy controls has been examined. Tear proteome dynamics was monitored over 24 weeks in a first mass spectrometric explorative analysis in a small POAG patient cohort (N = 3). Longitudinal responses of candidate proteins as well as cytokines were comparatively analyzed by microarray in a larger cohort of POAG patients (N = 16) and healthy controls (N = 15). Clinical parameters including tear breakup time (TBUT) and basal Schirmer test (BST) were recorded. Distinct post-switch level alterations could be documented in POAG tear proteins (> 1000). Cellular leakage proteins, dry eye related candidates and cytokines showed predominantly level diminishment in POAG patients and approximation to the tear protein level of healthy controls in response to PFT. Tear proteins like pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 or galectin 7 displayed linear tear film level decline in POAG patients (R2≥0.9; P < 0.05) distinctly converging the healthy level. Proteomic outcome fit well with improved clinical parameters, TBUT and BST. In conclusion, tear proteomic alterations indicated ocular surface recovery regarding epithelia leakage and inflammation recession. Together with improved clinical parameters the study output proposes beneficial effects of PFT glaucoma therapy.

Hintergrund: Drohende hausärztliche Unterversorgung in Deutschland, v.a. in ländlichen Regionen, erfordert Strategien zur Nachwuchsgewinnung. Im Medizinstudium bietet sich die Gelegenheit, Studierende für die Allgemeinmedizin (AM) zu interessieren u.a. im Blockpraktikum (BP), das jüngst[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 49. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

Hintergrund: Die cluster-randomisiert kontrollierte Studie GermanIMPACT untersucht ein Collaborative-Care-Modell zur Verbesserung der hausärztlichen Versorgung depressiver Patienten ab 60 Jahren. Patienten der Interventionsgruppe erhalten Psychoedukation durch Care-Manager. Die Kontrollgruppe wird[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 49. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin

The 2 Π- X 2 Π electronic transition of the carbon chain C 6 H has been detected in the gas-phase. The radical is generated in a hollow cathode discharge of acetylene in helium, and cavity ringdown spectroscopy is used as a sensitive means to observed the band system in absorption. This is the first result aimed at locating the electronic transitions of the neutral carbon chains, of astrophysical interest, in the gas-phase. The search was based on the measurements made previously on C 6 H in neon matrices. The origin band ( Ω = 3 2 ) in the gas phase at 18996.4 cm −1 is 142 cm −1 to the blue of the matrix value.

Cavity ringdown spectroscopy is combined with a hollow cathode source for the absorption spectroscopy of molecular ions. The A 2 Π u ← X 2 Σ g + (6−0) transition of N2+, oscillator strength 9 × 10−6, could be detected with an ion column density of 1016 cm−2. Liquid nitrogen colling of the plasma results in rotational temperatures of 150–200 K.

58 patients with recent transient or permanent neurologic deficits of with proven carotid stenoses were examined by dynamic CT at the level of the internal capsule. In the presence of cerebral infarcts there was marked delay in the time/density curve with reduced peaks. Abnormal perfusion could be demonstrated by early examinations before definite morphological changes were seen. With transient ischaemic attacks there were no significant changes in perfusion; in the presence of carotid stenoses the results were variable. The perfusion abnormalities in the hemispheres shown by dynamic cranial CT could be confirmed to some extent by 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT.

A retrospective study was carried out involving 39 patients with malignant tumours of the head and neck in order to differentiate by CT changes due to local tumour or lymph node recurrences and various post-operative or post-irradiation changes. In these patients, two or more CT examinations of the neck were available, derived from a fourth generation scanner. The suspected lesions were classified according to their type and the appearances correlated with the treatment and clinical findings. There was frequent overlap between the appearances of benign and malignant changes, so that in individual cases a definite decision often proved impossible.

Computed tomographic investigation of the brain is frequently accomplished by scanning parallel to the canthomeatal line. In these scans, evaluation of the brain stem and neighboring structures is often compromised by streak artifacts from bone-induced beam hardening. These artifacts may be reduced by introducing a change in gantry angulation. Results from a phantom study as well as from a clinical trial offer evidence that may be helpful in assessing different scanning planes. An inclination of 5 degrees below Reid baseline is suggested to minimize the interpetrous artifact. Variations in slice thickness and exposure parameters do not appear to affect significantly this typical posterior fossa artifact.

58 patients with recent transient or permanent neurologic deficits of with proven carotid stenoses were examined by dynamic CT at the level of the internal capsule. In the presence of cerebral infarcts there was marked delay in the time/density curve with reduced peaks. Abnormal perfusion could be demonstrated by early examinations before definite morphological changes were seen. With transient ischaemic attacks there were no significant changes in perfusion; in the presence of carotid stenoses the results were variable. The perfusion abnormalities in the hemispheres shown by dynamic cranial CT could be confirmed to some extent by 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT.

A retrospective study was carried out involving 39 patients with malignant tumours of the head and neck in order to differentiate by CT changes due to local tumour or lymph node recurrences and various post-operative or post-irradiation changes. In these patients, two or more CT examinations of the neck were available, derived from a fourth generation scanner. The suspected lesions were classified according to their type and the appearances correlated with the treatment and clinical findings. There was frequent overlap between the appearances of benign and malignant changes, so that in individual cases a definite decision often proved impossible.

We compared the results of CT and conventional tomography examinations of the thorax of 137 patients with each other and with the final results. In the diagnosis of bronchial carcinomas we found no significant differences between the two methods. In all other investigated items CT proved to be superior to conventional tomography, especially of the evaluation of mediastinum (90% vs. 35%). We conclude that CT is the method of choice in the staging of intrathoracic tumours and especially in the evaluation of hilar and mediastinal masses and there is no need for conventional tomography in these cases.

We compared the results of CT and conventional tomography examinations of the thorax of 137 patients with each other and with the final results. In the diagnosis of bronchial carcinomas we found no significant differences between the two methods. In all other investigated items CT proved to be superior to conventional tomography, especially of the evaluation of mediastinum (90% vs. 35%). We conclude that CT is the method of choice in the staging of intrathoracic tumours and especially in the evaluation of hilar and mediastinal masses and there is no need for conventional tomography in these cases.