Search

The main motivation of this work is to clarify whether the hopes of significantly improving the performance of the conventional guns by using plasma ignition have a realistic basis. We assessed the possibility of improving the whole interior ballistic process, its repeatability and safety, through a uniform propellant ignition. In addition, we planed to improve the gun performance [the projectile muzzle energy (velocity)] by 'forcing' 'cold' charges to perform as 'hot' ones (achieving 'temperature compensation'). All of these goals are intended to be accomplished by using reasonable electrical energies (which would allow the reduction of the mass and volume of the power supply). We also avoided any significant changes in the conventional gun topography in order to prevent unacceptable costs. The presented research program proved that by using a standard 105-mm gun (concerning its barrel length and charge chamber volume) and a standard propellant, improved performances (more than 28% in the projectile muzzle energy) can be achieved while dense charges are used. In addition, significant reduction of the important effect, the 'temperature gradient,' is obtained. The capacity of plasma as the ignition factor to provide ballistic gain has also been demonstrated. Index Terms--Ballistic gain, dense gun charges, ignition, ignition tester, temperature compensation.

Research into the binding of iron by probiotics is presented.

The article offers a comprehensive exploration of how the integration of sustainable practices and technological advancements is reshaping the landscape of agribusiness. As the global demand for food increases alongside the need for environmental preservation, the agricultural sector is under pressure to innovate and adapt. This paper systematically reviews recent advancements in sustainable agricultural technologies, including precision farming, biotechnology, and renewable energy sources, and assesses their impact on productivity, sustainability, and economic viability. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses, the study highlights the significant role that sustainable practices play in enhancing resource efficiency, reducing environmental degradation, and improving the resilience of agricultural systems to climate change. It also examines the challenges and opportunities associated with the adoption of these technologies, such as investment costs, regulatory hurdles, and the need for skilled labor. Furthermore, the article discusses the implications of these transformations for stakeholders across the agribusiness value chain, from farmers to consumers, and the potential for collaborative efforts to promote sustainability. By drawing on case studies and empirical evidence, it provides valuable insights into the evolving dynamics of agribusiness and offers recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers aiming to foster a more sustainable and productive agricultural sector.

The article examines the current situation of using lending, leasing and factoring instruments for agricultural producers in modern Russia. The authors note that the current lending and leasing system requires transformation to take into account the conditions for the activities of agricultural enterprises, taking into account seasonality and the delayed effect of obtaining results. A transformation system for leasing is also proposed to make the instrument more flexible through the introduction of commercial instruments and the abandonment of exclusively government regulation of the activity in question. The authors note the effectiveness of the transformation of the proposed methods of lending, leasing and factoring by increasing demand and reducing the risk of repayment for both enterprises and participants in the banking sector.

The high-pressure ellipsometric method with a diamond anvil cell is used for measuring the phase transition in iron and opaque materials. This method is shown to be very useful in the research of other metallic systems involving pressure induced electronic and structural changes.

The quality of products is one of the most important means of competition, gaining and retaining of market positions. Quality management is the main part of the production process, it is aimed not so much at the revealing of defects or rejection as on the check of product quality in the process its manufacture. The quality problem, uneasy at all times, is especially acute now, in the conditions of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEC). In such conditions it is necessary to compete with various representatives of enterprises using internationally recognized standards. In this regard, enterprises should gradually introduce international quality standards, which means the transition to modern technologies, including environmentally friendly ones. This will also help enterprises that produce and process products to carry out their independent foreign economic activities, improve production efficiency and material well-being of production teams, to reduce the entry period to the international market and to create prerequisites for the introduction of labor organization modern methods. The basis for this should be the principles of voluntariness and economic interest of a small agricultural producer and a large industrialist. The quality of a product, its operational safety, reliability and design, the level of after-sales service are the main criteria for a modern buyer when you make a purchase and, therefore, they determine the success or failure of a company at the market. A skillful implementation of standardization, metrology, certification and quality management principles and mechanisms contribute to the acceleration of economy effective reforming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses modern digital technologies used by tax authorities, their impact on business activities, which can reduce costs for organizations and individual entrepreneurs. Digital transformation to ensure a high level of tax administration will reveal elements of the shadow economy. The main attention in the work is paid to such type of control as tax monitoring, which has recently been actively introduced into the practice of working with major organizations. The levels of risks that will be key during monitoring are indicated.

Introduction: Social cognitive deficits (e.g. emotion perception, empathy, and theory of mind) seem to play crucial role in the symptoms persistence of anorexia nervosa (AN). Objectives: Aim of study was to verify the therapeutic efficacy of cultural adaptation of Social Cognitive Training (SCT) in socioemotional improvement of patients with AN. Methods: Participants. The participants were 60 healthy controls (HCs) and 60 AN patients, examined at the beginning and at the end of 12-week-long hospitalization. Half of them was offered treatment as usual (TAU) while the other half -TAU + SCT. Measures. The clinical variables were measured using: The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, The Eating Attitude Test, The Beck Depression Inventory, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Social cognitive deficits were assessed using: Penn Emotion Recognition/Discrimination, and Acuity Tasks, Penn Facial Memory, and Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RME). Results: At the beginning both groups of patients presented with high level of clinical psychopathology and social cognitive deficits which decreased significantly throughout therapy however most of the measured variables did not reach the level presented by HCs, apart from: sad recognition, reaction time for happy recognition, emotion discrimination time for happy and sad in TAU + SCT group. Overall, TAU + SCT group showed significantly higher improvement compared to the TAU group in: sad recognition, fear and anger recognition, sad discrimination, RT happy recognition, and ToM after treatment. Conclusions: SCT appeared promising therapeutic tool in remediation of social cognitive functioning in AN. Project funded by National Science Centre NCN 2014/15/B/HS6/01847. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe(OH)3 was produced from Fe(II) and H2O2 by methods associated with high and low free radical activity. More Fe(OH)3 became bound to Bifidobacterium thermophilum when the former type of method was used, and protoplasting experiments indicated that binding to both the cell walls and membranes was enhanced. Binding to cell walls was instantaneous, whilst that by the membranes increased with time using both methods. Al (III), a lipid peroxidation enhancer, increased Fe(OH)3 binding by membranes only. It was concluded that B. thermophilum is able to abate increased activity of free radicals not only by scavenging them, but also by removing iron from their environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the problems of formation of favorable competitive environment in the domestic seed market, reducing the dependence of the domestic market on foreign breeding and genetic materials. The aim of the study is to substantiate new requirements for anti-monopoly regulation of intellectual property in agricultural markets to level out risks to competition. Theoretical basis of the study consists of the publications of modern domestic and foreign scientists on the assessment of risks of restricting access to innovative products and technologies for potential competitors, the development of competition at different levels of the food supply chain. The processes of companies' consolidation at the world seed market and control of the market by the players with intellectual property rights to biotechnologies were reflected. The expediency of development of antitrust regulation in the sphere of intellectual property in the domestic seed market through technological transfer of innovative material to Russian companies is shown. Theoretical significance of the conducted study consists in development of some approaches to anti-monopoly regulation in the sphere of intellectual property in the domestic seed market. The practical significance of the study lies in improving the management of innovation process in the agricultural sector.

The paper deals with the problem of forming the system of creative management of human resources (personnel) of enterprise and their transformation into human capital. It analyzes the existing approaches and gives the evaluation of the current situation in solving this problem. The key questions of forming the creative type of human capital management: convergence and convergence of social, cultural, intellectual and physiological capitals are revealed. Ways of reengineering human capital under conditions of growing macroeconomic and political instability, uncertainty and risks are shown. Particular attention is drawn to the possibilities of competence-based and the need for differentiated approaches in the training of professionals under conditions of growing macroeconomic instability and uncertainty.

This article presents the author’s view on the integration strategy for the development of tax mechanisms in agriculture. The importance and necessity of developing such a tax mechanism are updated, and arguments in favor of such a development strategy are presented. The authors proposed a new scientific term that characterizes the process of harmonization of tax regulation mechanisms in related sectors of the economy. The ways and directions of such harmonization within the agricultural and agro-industrial sector of the Russian economy as a whole are proposed. The analysis of the current state of the tax environment for Russian agricultural producers has been carried out, and the main factors for strengthening and reducing the growth rate of the agricultural sector have been identified. Based on the results of the study, the author gives an opinion on the current state of the tax environment in relation to agriculture.

The article reveals the essence of the concept of “responsible person” and the problem of its пenesis. Different theoretical and methodological approaches to its definition are shown. The phenomenon of social responsibility is considered as the basis of productive social creativity. The author analyzes the main trends and the nature of the process of formation of social responsibility of the individual in modern conditions. Particular attention is paid to increasing the role of personal responsibility in times of social instability and uncertainty. The accumulated experience of scientific understanding of the concept of «social responsibility» is revealed. Specific features of social responsibility and its interpretation in the works of F.Bastia, I. A. Ilyin, P. A. Kropotkin, I. I. Lapshin, N. O. Lossky, V. S. Solovyov, N. F. Fedorov, and others.

Introduction: Current research emphasizes the significant role of cognitive deficits (especially in attention, cognitive flexibility, central coherence, visuospatial, and executive functions) play in the illness course and symptoms persistence. Objectives: Aim of study was to verify the therapeutic efficacy of cultural adaptation of Neurocognitive Training (NT) in cognitive remediation in AN patients. Methods: Participants. The participants were 60 healthy controls (HCs) and 60 AN patients, examined at the beginning and at the end of 12-week-long hospitalization. Half of them was offered treatment as usual (TAU) while the other half -TAU + NT. Measures. The clinical variables were measured using: The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, The Eating Attitude Test, The Beck Depression Inventory, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and The Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Cognitive deficits were measured using: The Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT), The Trail Making Test (TMT), The Stroop Test (TS), The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF), and The Verbal Fluency Test (VFT). Results: At the beginning both AN groups presented with bigger cognitive deficits which decreased significantly throughout therapy however most of the measured variables did not reach the level presented by HCs. NT+TAU showed significantly higher improvement compared to TAUs and some measured variables even reached the healthy level, as follows: TMT-A(time), TS black (time), RFFT, ROCF, VFT(errors). Moreover, greater improvement incognitive functioning co-occurred with greater improvement of clinical variables. Conclusions: AN is characterized by neurocognitive deficits responsive to cognitive remediation program. Project funded by National Science Centre NCN 2014/15/B/HS6/01847. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an algorithm of segmentation of brain imaging examination results − computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) − to identify, compute, and visualize the brain tumors. Computer software was developed in the MATLAB environment using active contour methods: Edge and Chan-Vese. A review of the current treatment plan for patients with diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme was included to emphasize the significance of the solved problem. The work presents executed steps in the algorithm with a detailed description of thresholding process. Visual results of tumors were performed and presented.